中考一轮备战2011中考英语总复习数词

中考一轮备战2011中考英语总复习数词

备战2011中考英语总复习资料 数 词  (一) 知识概要 数词用来表示人或物的数目多少和顺序。所以数词主要有两种：基数词，用于计数，如：one, two…而序数词用于表示位置先后或次序，台：first second…其构成法如下： 阿拉伯数字 基数词 序数词 简写序数词 ‎ ‎1 one first 1st ‎ ‎2 two second 2nd ‎ ‎3 three third 3rd ‎ ‎4 four fourth 4th ‎ ‎5 five fifth 5th ‎ ‎6 six sixth 6th ‎ ‎7 seven seventh 7th ‎ ‎8 eight eighth 8th ‎ ‎9 nine ninth 9th ‎ ‎10 ten tenth 10th ‎ ‎11 eleven eleventh 11th ‎ ‎12 twelve twelfth 12th ‎ ‎13 thirteen thirteenth 13th ‎ ‎14 fourteen fourteenth 14th ‎ ‎15 fifteen fifteenth 15th ‎ ‎16 sixteen sixteenth 16th ‎ ‎17 seventeen seventeenth 17th ‎ ‎18 eighteen eighteenth 18yh ‎ ‎19 nineteen nineteenth 19th ‎ ‎20 twenty twentieth 20th ‎ ‎21 twenty-one twenty-first 21st ‎ ‎30 thirty thirtieth 30th ‎ ‎40 forty fortieth 40th ‎ ‎50 fifty fiftieth 50th ‎ ‎60 sixty sixtieth 60th ‎ ‎70 seventy seventieth 70th ‎ ‎80 eighty eightieth 80th ‎ ‎90 ninety ninetieth 90th ‎ ‎100 a‎(one)hundred hundredth 100th ‎ ‎104 one hundred and four hundred and fourth 104th ‎ ‎1000 a‎(one) thousands thousandth 1000th ‎ ‎10000 ten thousands ten thousandth 10000th ‎ ‎1000000 one million millionth 1000000th ‎ 基数词与序数词都有一定的构成方法，但都有特殊例外的几个字，所以除了要学会一般构成法之外，还要特别记熟一些例外。因它们在考试中出现的频率很高。‎ 1 基数词构成结构 21～99的两位数字，在10位和个位之间加连字符构成，如89-eighty-nine.１０１～９９９的三位数字，由hundred 加and 再加二位数或未位数字，如： 101-one hundred and one, 223-two hundred and twenty-three.四位以上数字，应从个位起向前数三位加逗号，读作thousand,再数三位加第二个逗号，读作million,再数三位加逗号，读作billion，其读法如下：‎ 1001-one thousand and one５３８６-five thousand, three hundred and eighty－six要注意的是hundred, thousand, million与billion的用法。①前面有别的基数词时，即若干个百、千、百万、十亿时，其本身都不要加s，如：three hundred students。 ② 若表示成百，成千或数百，数千时，前面不能有基数词，但其本身要用复数形式，然后+of+名词复数。如：thousands and thousands of。 (成千上万)‎ 2 序数词的构成法 序数词除first, second, third 以外，其余一般在词尾加th构成，除一般略有差异的各别数词外，很容易掌握。其二位数或多位数只将后面的个位数字改为序数词，其前面各位数字均不改变，都用基数词。‎ 3 其他数字表示法 小数的小数点读作point，零读作o［ｕ］或zero,小数点后面的数字按个位基数词依次读出。分数分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于1时，分数要在序数词上加s，但１／２用one half, 1 4 用a quarter. １ ３ 读作one third而 ２ ３ 读作two thirds。百分数(%)，读作per cent (percent),但不论是多少均用作单数形式不能加s。表示日期有两种说法和四种写法，如：2月1号英语表达法为：the first of February而美语为February (the) first,但其书写上可有四种写法①　February 1 ② February 1st ③ 1st February ④ 1/2。倍数的讲法有所不同。两倍用twice,而三倍以上用序数词加times,如：He has three times as many books as I have.‎  (二) 正误辨析  ［误］ 1107 should be read as a thousand a hundred as seven.‎  ［正］ 1107 should be read as one thousand one hundred and seven.‎  ［析］ 在读数字时，如：and前只有百或千时，用one hundred/ one thousand 还是a hundred /a thousand全是可以的。但如果文有百又有千时，则只能用one不要用a。 如果没有and时，如：1100也只能读作one thousand one hundred 或eleven hundred.‎  ［误］ I drove about half mile.‎  ［正］ I drove about half a mile.‎  ［析］ 半小时为half an hour, 半天为half a day, 半镑为half a pound, 尽量避免用half a year, half a month, 要用six months, two weeks 或 fifteen days 要注意的是Half of the work is done Half of the books are sold. 当Half 作名词时，其谓语动词要看of后面的名词而定。如名词是不可数名词则用单数谓语动词，如是复数名词时，则要用复数谓语动词。要注意的是一个半的表达法，如：One and a half apples is left on the table.其名词要用复数，但谓语动词则要用单数。‎  ［误］ 60 students are playing on the ground.‎  ［正］ Sixty students are playing on the ground.‎  ［析］ 在句首的数字要用文字而不要用阿拉伯数字，如数字过大则应放于句中，用阿拉伯数字。如： There are 166 students playing on the ground.‎  ［误］ He became famous around fifty years old.‎  ［正］ He became famous in his fifties.‎  ［析］ in his fifties 50多岁时，而in the fifties 在50年代。‎  ［误］ There are about two thousands workers in our factory.‎  ［正］ There are about two thousand workers in our factory  ［析］ 几千，几百的表达法是基数词加thousand或加hundred,而且均不要加s。这样的单位还有dozen(打)， score (20年)等。‎  ［误］ In the morning there are hundred of old people walking in the park.‎  ［正］ In the morning there are hundreds of old people walking in the park.‎  ［析］ 当表达数百，数千时，要用hundreds of和thousands of 这一结构。‎  ［误］ The class begins at eight a. m.‎  ［正］ The class begins at ‎8 a. m.‎  ［析］ 与符号或与缩写的字母连用时一定要用数字，如：43%， 67, No.2…‎  ［误］ Twofifth of the books are sold out.‎  ［正］ Twofifths of the books are sold out.‎  ［析］ 分数表示法，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，但分子大于1时，分母要在序数词后加s。‎  ［误］ Tom was born on July eighteen.‎  ［正］ Tom was born on July eighteenth.‎  ［析］ 月日的表达法有美语和英语两种。 美语 July 18 读作 July eighteenth 英语 July 18th 读作 July the eighteenth  ［误］ I'll go to school at 7∶‎３０ a. m. in the morning.‎  ［正］ I'll go to school at 7∶‎３０ a. m/ at 7∶‎３０ in the morning.‎  ［析］ a. m 即表达在早上之意，不要再用in the morning.‎  ［误］ The film will begin at three quarters past one.‎  ［正］ The film will begin at one quarter to two.‎  ［析］ 大于30分钟时不要使用past，而要用差多少不到几点的to来表达。‎  ［误］ Three time three is nine.‎  ［正］ Three times three is nine.‎  ［析］ times 此处作为"乘"讲一定要加s。 英语中乘除法表达式如下： ‎ 算法 种类 例 句 ‎ 加法 一般 Five and six is eleven. ‎ 正式 Five plus six is (equals) eleven. ‎ 减法 一般 Eight take away four leaves (is) four.‎ Four from Eight leaves (is) four. ‎ 正式 Eight minus four equals (is) four. ‎ 乘法 一般 Three fours are twelve 3×4=12 ‎ 正式 Three times four equals (is) twelve. ‎ ‎ 一般 Two in to four is two. ‎ 正式 Four divided by two equals two. ‎ ‎(三) 例题解析 1 - How many students are there in your school, Mike?‎ - There are over ＿＿＿ students in our school.‎ A. two thousands ‎ B. two thousands of ‎ C. two thousand ‎ D. two thousand of ‎  ［答案］ C.‎  ［析］ 有基数词在前面时thousand， hundred 等词不能加s，也不能加of结构，只有在thousands of时才可以使用。‎ 2 John lives on ＿＿＿ floor. He doesn't use a lift to go up and down.‎ A. nine B. the ninth C. ninth D. a ninth ‎  ［答案］ B.‎  ［析］ 序数词前加定冠词，nine 与 ninth 的拼写上有一个e字母相差别。‎ 3 Wu Dong won the girls' ＿＿＿ race in the school sports meeting last week.‎ A. 100 metres B. 100metres C. 100 metre D. 100metre ‎  ［答案］ D.‎  ［析］ 数词、名词、形容词等词用连字符连接成的形容词中，名词都不要加s，如： I have to write a twothousandword report.而且由连字符组成的形容词只能放于名词前，不能放于名词后，作后置定语，或用在be动词后作表语。‎ 4 There are ＿＿＿ students in our school.‎ A. four hundred twenty B. four hundred and twenty C. four hundreds twenty D. four hundreds and twenty  ［答案］ B.‎ 5 - How many days are there in a year?‎ - There are ＿＿＿ .‎ A. three hundreds and sixtyfive B. three hundreds sixtyfive C. three hundred and sixtyfive D. three hundred sixty five  ［答案］ C.‎ 6 We have learned about ＿＿＿ English words.‎ A. nine hundreds B. nine hundred C. nine hundred of D. nine hundreds of  ［答案］ B.‎ 7 Autumn is ＿＿＿ season of the year.‎ A. third B. the three C. thirds D. the third  ［答案］ D.‎ 8 They are learning ＿＿＿ now.‎ A. Lesson Eight B. the eight lesson C. Lesson Eighth D. Eighth lesson  ［答案］ A.‎  ［析］ 第几课，第几个门……，在英语中有两种说法，①Lesson Two, Gate Two但要注意每一单词的首字母要大写。② the second lesson, the second gate 首字母不要大写，并要注意有些缩写的读法。如:‎ p. 8-第8页(page eight)‎ $ 8.50-8.5美元(five dollars and fifty)‎ 电话号码66164532－(six, six, one, six, four five, three, two)‎ 9 The boy was so hungry that he ate ＿＿＿ .‎ A. three bowls of rices B. three bowl of rice C. three bowl of rices D. three bowls of rice  ［答案］ D.‎  ［析］ rice 是不可数物质名词，而bowl是可数名词。‎ 10 There are ＿＿＿ months in a year.‎ A. twelve B. twelf C. twelveth D. twelfth  ［答案］ A.‎