中考英语动词词组汇总

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中考英语动词词组汇总

中考英语动词词组汇总 ‎01. account for ‎ ‎[1]说明(原因等);‎ EG: His illness account for his absence from school. 他因病未能去上学。‎ That accounts for it. 原来如此。‎ ‎ [2](将保管的款项)记账; [3]对……负责( answer for )。‎ ‎02. add up to ‎ ‎ [1]合计,总计(amount to ,count up to );‎ ‎ EG: These figures add up to 117.‎ ‎ [2]结果。‎ ‎03. allow for ‎ ‎ [1]考虑到(take into consideration); [2]原谅,体谅。‎ ‎ EG: You should allow for his youth. 你应当体谅他还年轻。‎ ‎04. arrive at ‎ ‎ **在表示“到达”的具体含义时,arrive at/in =get to =reach ;在表示“达成”等抽象含义时,只用arrive at或 reach。.‎ ‎05. ask after 探望,问候 ‎ EG: She asked after your health. 她问候你。‎ ‎06. ask for ‎ ‎ [1](向人)请求见面; [2]央求。EG: ask for help.‎ ‎07. avail (oneself) of 利用(机会等)‎ ‎ EG: You must avail yourself of every opportunity to speak foreign languages.‎ ‎08. back up ‎ ‎ [1]支持,援助; [2]倒退,后退;‎ ‎ [3]使(交通等)停滞;(车子)倒车; [4]支撑(身体等)。‎ ‎09. bear/keep in mind 记住 ‎ EG: We have no vacations now, but we’ll certainly bear your application in mind. ‎ ‎010. break away (from) 脱离,逃跑 EG: He considered breaking away from the clan. 他考虑同那伙人分道扬镳。‎ ‎ **break away (from) & get away from 都是vi.‎ ‎ 前者—---Escape with a sudden violent effort.‎ ‎ 后者—---Escape from the scene of a crime or from being caught.‎ ‎011. break down 损坏,分解,瓦解另有:‎ ‎[1](元气等)受挫,筋疲力尽,(健康)衰弱;‎ ‎ [2](感情)失控,(因伤心过度而)哭泣;‎ ‎ [3]分析,分类。‎ ‎012. break in ‎ ‎ [1]强行进入,闯入; [2](on) 打断,插嘴;‎ ‎ [3]驯服(动物等)。‎ ‎013. break into ‎ ‎ [1]闯入; [2]突然打断(话)。‎ ‎014. break off ‎ [1]断绝,结束; [2]中断;‎ ‎ [3]绝交,突然停止(工作等),突然脱离。‎ ‎015. break out ‎ [1]爆发,突然发生(战争、火灾、事故等); [2]脱逃。‎ ‎016. break through ‎ [1]突破(障碍等); [2](太阳)从云中出现。‎ ‎017. break up ‎ ‎ [1]中止,结束; [2]打碎,拆散;‎ ‎ [3](身体)变虚弱,衰弱; [4]崩溃,损坏。‎ ‎018. bring about 带来,造成 (=give rise to, lead to, result to )‎ ‎019. bring down ‎ [1]打倒,挫伤; EG: The wind brought down a number of trees.‎ ‎ [2]降低; EG: Good Harvest will bring down the price.‎ ‎ [3]卸下(行李、货物); [4]使蒙受(责罚等)〈on〉;‎ ‎ [5]继续,持续(记录)〈to〉;‎ ‎020. bring forth ‎ [1]产生; EG:Trees bring forth fruit.‎ ‎ [2]提出。 EG:bring forth a question.‎ ‎021. bring forward ‎ ‎ [1]提出; EG: Can you bring forward any proof of what you said ?‎ ‎[2](簿记)过次,转入下页;‎ ‎[3](日期等)提早,提前。‎ ‎022. bring out ‎ ‎ [1]使出现,使明显;‎ EG: This essay fully brings out his ability. 这篇论文充分显示出他的才能。‎ ‎[2]公布,出版。 bring out a new book ‎ ‎[3]把某人(尤其指女孩)引进社交界;‎ ‎[4]发挥(才能等)。‎ ‎023. bring to ‎ ‎[1]使恢复知觉; EG: A glass of water brought him to.‎ ‎[2]停船,使停船。‎ ‎024. bring up教育,培养,使成长 ‎[1]提出(证据、计划等); [2]突然停(车等),使(船)停泊;‎ ‎[3]引起注意; [4]吐出(食物);‎ ‎[5]继续进一步(说明等)。 ‎ ‎025. bring/put …into practice 实施,实行 ‎026. build up ‎ ‎[1]树立,逐步建立; [2]增进,锻炼;‎ ‎[3]积累,堵塞; [4]赞扬。‎ ‎027. burn out ‎ ‎[1]燃尽(物品)烧光; [2](房屋等)失火,烧尽。‎ ‎028. burn up ‎ [1]烧尽,烧完;‎ EG: He burned up all the books after the failure in the entrance examination.‎ ‎[2]烧起来,旺起来; [3](美国俗语)大发雷霆。 ‎ ‎029. call for ‎ ‎ [1]要求,需要; EG: The job calls for patience.‎ ‎[2]邀请,去取(接); EG: I’ll call for you at your house. 我将到你家去找你。‎ ‎[3]求援。‎ ‎030. call forth ‎ [1]引起,唤起;‎ EG: The proposals called forth a good deal of hostile criticism. ‎ 这些建议引起许多敌意的批评。‎ ‎ [2]振作起,鼓起。 call forth all one’s energies 全力以赴 ‎031. call off 取消,放弃(cancel)‎ EG: He phoned me and called the appointment off.‎ ‎032. call on/upon ‎ ‎ [1]拜访(某人); [2]要求做…(to do);‎ call on him for a speech = call on him to make a speech ‎[3]请求。‎ ‎033. call up ‎ ‎ [1]召集,动员;应征入伍;‎ ‎ [2]使人想起 call up scenes of childhood ring up;‎ ‎ [3]打电话=ring up; [4]起床。 ‎ ‎034. can’t /couldn’t help 禁不住,不得不 I can’t help laughing (+动名词) / but ‎ laugh (but+动词原形)‎ ‎035. care for ‎ ‎ [1]照料,照顾;‎ ‎ [2](主要用于疑问句和否定句中)喜好,希望;‎ ‎ EG: Do you care for cheese? 你喜欢奶酪吗?‎ ‎ [3]忧虑,担心。‎ ‎036. carry off ‎ [1]夺去; EG: Tom carried off all the school prizes.‎ ‎[2]渡过,完成; [3]勇敢地面对,坚持。‎ ‎037. carry on ‎ ‎ [1]继续下去,坚持下去;‎ ‎ [2]从事,经营;‎ EG: The baker has carried on business here for years. 面包师傅在此地经营了许多年。‎ ‎[3](口语)出丑,惊慌; [4](口语)与…调情,调戏;‎ ‎[5]加油;继续(中断的工作等)。‎ ‎038. carry out 贯彻,执行,实现 carry out one’s promise 实现承诺 carry out experiments 做实验 ‎039. carry /bring into effect 实行,实现=accomplish ‎040. cast /shade / throw light on/upon 对…加以说明,澄清 ‎ ‎041. catch fire =take fire 开始燃烧 ‎ ‎042. catch on ‎ ‎ [1]理解,明白; EG: I catch on to the job gradually. 渐渐地我明白这工作怎么做了。‎ ‎[2]受欢迎,流行。‎ ‎043. catch one’s breath 吓一跳,屏息 ‎044. catch one’s eye 引人注目 ‎045. catch sight of 看到 ‎046. catch up with ‎ ‎ [1]追上,赶上; EG: Work hard and you will catch up with your class.‎ ‎[2]把落后弥补上。‎ ‎047. check in 办理登记手续 EG: You must check in at the airport an hour before your plane leaves.‎ ‎048. check out ‎[1]结帐后离去 check out of a hotel ‎ ‎[2](美)签发支票(银行存款);‎ ‎[3](登记)离去,离开。‎ ‎049. check up / (up) on 调查,检查,核对 ‎050. cheer up ‎ ‎ [1]使高兴,使振奋; EG: The news cheered up everyday.‎ ‎[2]高兴起来,振作起来。 EG: He cheered up at the news. ‎ ‎051. clear away 扫除,收拾 ~ the dishes ‎ ‎052. clear up ‎ ‎[1]解释,澄清;(make clear / explicit 弄清,澄清) ‎ to clear up the mystery/misunderstanding ‎[2](天气)变晴; [3]整理,收拾;‎ ‎[4]清除,解除。‎ ‎053. come off ‎ ‎[1]实现,成功,奏效; [2]离开,掉下,脱落;‎ ‎[3]脱离,退出,断绝关系。 ‎ ‎054. come on ‎ ‎ [1]请,来吧,跟着来,慢点; [2]进展,发展;‎ ‎ [3]开始,来临; [4]出场,上演。‎ ‎055. come out ‎ [1]出版,刊出; [2]出现,显露,长出;‎ ‎ [3]结果是,结局是; [4]被解出。‎ ‎056. come round /around ‎ ‎ [1]来访,前来; [2]苏醒,复原。‎ ‎057. come through 经历,脱险 ‎058. come to ‎ ‎ [1]苏醒,复苏; [2]共计,达到。‎ ‎059. come to the point ‎060. come true(梦等)实现,如愿以偿 ‎061. come up ‎ [1]走近,上来; [2]发生被提出。‎ ‎062. come up to 达到,符合 ‎063. come up with 提出,提供 ‎064. come /go into effect 生效,实施 ‎065. come /go into force 生效,实施 ‎066. come /go into operation 开始生效,开始 运转,开工 ‎067. compare…to… ‎ ‎ [1]与…比较; [2]把…比做。‎ EG: He compares my book to his. He compares books to friends.‎ ‎068. count on 依靠,指望,期待 depend /reckon/rely on sth (依靠,指望)‎ ‎069. count up 把…相加 (=add up) ‎ ‎070. cover up 掩盖,掩饰 EG: How can we cover up our mistakes?‎ ‎071. cross out 注销 cross out 2 words 删去2个字 ‎072. cut across ‎[1]走捷径,抄近路; [2]超出…的范围,超越。‎ ‎073. cut back ‎ ‎[1]削减,降低; [2]修剪(树枝);‎ ‎[3](在电影、小说等中)重提前情。‎ ‎074. cut down ‎ ‎[1]削减,减少(经费等); [2]砍倒(树);‎ ‎[3]修改(衣服)使变小; [4](人为疾病所)击倒,砍杀。 ‎ ‎075. cut in ‎ ‎[1](汽车)抢档; [2]插嘴,打断。‎ ‎076. cut out ‎[1]割掉,除去; [2]除掉,删掉(省略);‎ ‎[3]抢先(某人),取代(某人); [4]以…的形状裁制衣服;‎ ‎[5]断绝,分离; [6]停止。‎ ‎077. cut short 突然停止 EG: He cut short his tour abroad and retained to Paris.‎ ‎078. derive from 渊源于,(从…)取得 ‎079. die down 渐渐消失,平息 ‎080. die off 相继死去 ‎081. die out 灭绝,消失 (out = completely)‎ ‎082. do away with 废除,去掉 ‎083. do without 没有…也行 (= go without)‎ ‎084. do /try one’s best 尽力 ‎085. double up ‎[1]把…折叠起来; [2]弯腰。‎ ‎086. doze off 打瞌睡 ‎087. draw in (火车、汽车)到站 ‎088. draw on ‎ [1]动用,利用; draw on one’s imagination 运用想象力 ‎[2]吸,抽烟。‎ ‎089. draw up ‎ ‎[1]写出,画出; [2]草拟;‎ ‎[3](车子)停住。 EG: The car drew up to me.‎ ‎090. dress up 穿上盛装,打扮地漂漂亮亮 EG: Helen has invited us to dinner but says we shouldn’t bother to dress up.‎ ‎091. drop by /in 顺便走访 EG: Would you drop in on me /at my house this evening?‎ ‎092. drop off ‎ ‎[1]减弱,减少; [2]打瞌睡;=doze off ‎ ‎093. drop out ‎ ‎[1]退出,离队; [2]不参与,弃权。‎ ‎094. dwell on /upon ‎ ‎[1]深思熟虑,再三考虑; [2]详述。‎ ‎095. embark on /upon 从事,着手,开始工作 ‎ EG: China embarked on a massive programme of reform. ‎ 中国开始实施大规模的改革计划。‎ ‎096. face up to 大胆面向 EG: He has never been able to face up to the realities. 他从来都不能大胆面对现实。‎ ‎097. fail to 未能 ‎098. fall back on 转而依靠,求助于 ‎099. fall behind ‎ ‎[1]落后; [2](付款等)逾期。‎ ‎100. fall in love (with) 相爱,爱上 EG: I fell in love with her at first sight.我对她一见钟情。‎ ‎101. fall in with ‎ ‎[1]符合,与…一致; [2]碰见(偶然)。‎ ‎102. fall out ‎ ‎[1]争吵,争执; [2]发生,变成…(的结果),结果是;‎ ‎[3](军)离开队伍。‎ ‎103. fall through 落空,失败 ‎104. feed in 输入 EG: You feed in coin here and the coffee comes out there. ‎ ‎105. feel like (doing) 欲,想要,[一般用于否定句或疑问句中]‎ EG: I don’t feel like eating now.‎ ‎106. fill in(英) /out(美) 填充,填写 ‎107. find fault (with) 埋怨,挑剔;吹毛求疵,批评 ‎108. find out ‎ ‎[1]发现;想出;解决; [2]识破(违法);暴露。‎ find与find out ‎(1) find是一种客观结果,find out实指主观有意识的动作;‎ ‎(2) look for“寻找”具体事物,find out(找出,查明)的通常是抽象的事因、复杂的真相等。 ‎ ‎109. flare up ‎ ‎[1]突然燃起来; [2]突然发怒。‎ fire /flame /flare /blaze up 皆为“发火”‎ ‎110. gain /have an advantage over 胜过,优于 ‎111. get across 使人了解,使人清楚 ‎ EG: The idea got across to all.‎ put across 解释清楚 ‎112. get along /on with ‎ ‎[1]进展(get on); EG: How is your work getting along?‎ ‎[2]过活,生活(get by); EG: How are you getting along?‎ ‎[3]相处融洽。‎ ‎113. get round /around ‎ ‎[1]走动,旅行; [2](消息)传开。‎ ‎114. get around /round to 找时间做,开始考虑 ‎ ‎115. get at ‎ ‎ [1]得到,接近(reach); EG: I can’t get at the tool on the shelf.‎ ‎[2]意思是(mean)。 EG: What are you getting at ? 你的意思是什么?‎ ‎116. get away ‎ ‎ [1]离开; EG: I’m too busy to get away.‎ ‎[2]逃脱(break away 强行逃脱)。 EG: One of the mice got away.‎ ‎117. get better of 胜过,占上风 ‎118. get by (get along)‎ ‎ [1]通过,经过(get along); EG: The parade has got by.‎ ‎[2]过活。 EG: She can’t get by on such a small income.‎ ‎119. get down ‎ [1]从…下来; EG: He got down from his horse.‎ ‎[2]写下(write down, put down)。 EG: Get what he says down in writing.‎ ‎120. get down to 开始,着手(set about, take up)‎ EG: Get down to work.‎ ‎121. get hold of ‎ ‎[1]抓住,掌握; [2]接触。‎ ‎122. get in ‎ ‎ [1]进入(join in); EG: They got in and drove off. 他们一上车,车就开了。‎ ‎[2]收获,收集; EG: The farmers are getting the crops in.‎ ‎[3]插入(话)。 EG: She talks so much that you can’t get a word in.‎ ‎123. get into ‎ ‎[1](口语)穿上(衣服鞋子等)=put on;‎ ‎[2]进入…,从事。‎ ‎124. get off ‎ ‎ [1]从…下来; EG: They got off the bus.‎ ‎[2]逃脱惩罚。 EG: The thief got off lightly. 这个贼被从轻发落。‎ ‎125. get out of ‎ ‎ [1]出自…(issue from);逃脱(escape from); [2]弃绝(癖好、习惯等);‎ ‎[3]避免(做)(doing); [4]自(某人处)取得(金钱、消息)。‎ ‎126. get over (recover)‎ ‎ [1]从(疾病中)恢复过来(recover);‎ EG: The man returned to work after he got over his illness.‎ ‎[2]克服困难(overcome);‎ EG: The committee will have to find means to get over the difficulty.‎ ‎[3]解决问题(solve,settle)。‎ EG: How shall we get over these problems?‎ ‎127. get rid of ‎ ‎ [1]处理掉,丢弃; EG: These goods are difficult to get rid of.‎ ‎ [2]摆脱,除去。 EG: He can’t get rid of the cold.‎ ‎128. get the best of 胜过(他人)‎ ‎129. get the better of 打败,胜过 EG: I’ll get the better of him some day.‎ ‎130. get through ‎ [1]结束(工作),完成(任务)(finish);‎ EG: As soon as I get through my work, I will go and see you.‎ ‎[2]接通电话; EG: I could not get through to my son yesterday.‎ ‎[3]度过(时间); get through the winter ‎[4]花光(金钱等); EG: He got through all his money.‎ ‎[5](讲话等)被理解。‎ EG: It’s difficulty to get through to him.要他理解是困难的。‎ get through with 完成 get through to (电话)接通 ‎131. get together ‎ [1]开会,会面; EG: When can we get together?‎ ‎[2]装配,组织。‎ EG: It’ll take me a week to get together all the materials that I need for my talk.‎ ‎132. get up ‎ ‎[1]增加,增强(rise); [2]起床(rise);‎ EG: I’m not used to getting up early.‎ ‎[3]起立(stand up)。‎ ‎133. get /learn by heart 记住,背诵 ‎ EG: The girl learned the poem by heart.‎ ‎134. give away ‎[1]赠送,分送(donate);‎ EG: He has given away all his money to the poor.‎ ‎[2]泄露。 EG: I promised never to give her secret away.‎ ‎135. give back 送还,恢复(return) give it back to its owner.‎ ‎136. give in ‎ ‎[1]投降,屈服(yield);‎ EG: He always gives in to his wife’s demands and does whatever she tells him to do.‎ ‎[2]交上(turn in, hand in) EG: Given in your exercise books.‎ ‎137. give off 释放,放出(emit, send off)‎ ‎ EG: The flower gave off a sweet fragrance. 这些花散发出甜美的香味。‎ ‎138. give oneself away 泄露,露马脚 ‎ EG: She tried to appear indifferent, but her eyes gave herself away. ‎ ‎139. give oneself up 自首,投降,投案 ‎ EG: The murderer gave himself up (to the police). 凶手向警方自首了。‎ ‎140. give out 分发,放出(hand out)‎ ‎ EG: The teacher gave out the examination papers.‎ ‎141. give rise to 引起,造成,发生 ‎ EG: Such conduct might give rise to misunderstandings. 这种做法很可能引起误会。‎ ‎142. give up 放弃,停止 ‎143. give way 断裂,倒塌 ‎ EG: The bridge gave way under the weight of the lorry. 卡车把这座桥压坏了。‎ ‎144. give way to ‎ ‎ [1]给…让路,对…让步; [2]被…代替。‎ ‎145. go after 追求 ‎146. go ahead 开始,前进,领先 ‎ EG: The building of the new bridge will go ahead as planned.‎ ‎ 新桥的修建将按照计划进行。‎ ‎147. go along with ‎ [1]陪同前往,随行; [2]与某人/事意见一致,赞同某事物。‎ ‎148. go around /round 足够分配 ‎ EG: There aren’t enough chairs to go round.‎ ‎149. go back on 违背 ‎ EG: He never goes back on his word. 他从不食言。‎ ‎150. go by ‎ [1](人)经过; [2](时间)过去(pass); ‎ ‎ [3]依…行动(be guided by)。‎ ‎151. go down ‎ [1]下降,降低; [2]被载入,传下去。‎ ‎152. go for ‎ [1]竭力想取得; [2]支持,喜爱,拥护。‎ ‎153. go in for 从事,致力于;沉迷于,追求 ‎154. go into ‎ ‎ [1]进入…; [2]变成(某种状态);‎ ‎ [3]从事(职业等)(enter); [4]讨论,调查(investigate);‎ ‎ [5]参加(take part in)。‎ ‎155. go off ‎ ‎ [1]爆炸,发射; [2]动身,离开。‎ ‎156. go on ‎ ‎ [1](with)继续; [2]发生。‎ ‎157. go out ‎ [1](灯火)熄灭; [2]外出,出去;‎ ‎ [3]不流行,过时。‎ ‎158. go over ‎ [1]复习; [2]横过,越过;‎ ‎ [3]查看细节(inspect details of);‎ ‎ [4]倒向(别的党派等),改变信仰。‎ ‎159. go through ‎ [1]经历,经受; [2]详细检查。‎ ‎160. go under ‎ ‎ [1]下沉,沉没; [2]失败,破产。‎ ‎161. go up ‎ ‎ [1]上升,增加; [2]建起。‎ ‎162. go with 伴随,与…协调 ‎163. go without 没有…也行 ‎164. go wrong ‎ [1]迷路,走错路; [2]步入歧途,堕落;‎ ‎ [3]失败; [4](机械等)有毛病,出故障。‎ ‎165. good for 胜任,有效,适用 ‎ EG: He is good for a job as a go-between.他适合于做媒。‎ ‎ The ticket is good for two days .这张票两天之内有效。‎ ‎166. had better [加动原]最好还是,应该 ‎167. had /would rather …than 宁愿…而不愿 EG: I’d rather go for a walk than watch TV tonight.‎ ‎168. hand down ‎ ‎[1]把…传下去(指从上一代传到下一代);‎ ‎[2]宣告(判决)。‎ ‎169. hand in 交上,递交 ‎170. hand on 把…传下去(指依次传递)‎ ‎171. hand out 发给,分发,散发 (反义-hand in)‎ ‎172. hand over 交出,移交,让与 (反义-take over接管,接替)‎ ‎173. hang about 闲荡,徘徊,逗留 ‎174. hang back 畏缩,踌躇,犹豫 ‎175. hang on ‎ [1]紧抓不放; [2]继续下去; [3]等一等。‎ ‎176. hang on to 紧握住,坚持下去 ‎177. hang up 挂断(电话)(=ring off)‎ ‎178. happen to 恰巧 ‎179. have (something ) to do with 与…有关 ‎180. have back 收回,要回 ‎181. have in mind 记住,考虑到,想到 ‎182. have nothing to do with 与…无关 ‎183. have on ‎ ‎[1](身上)佩带着…;…上带有; [2]有约会。‎ ‎184. have to do with 与…有关;交易 ‎185. head for 朝…行进,使走向 EG: We saw the car heading for us, so we stepped aside.‎ 我们看见那辆车朝我们开来,就让到一边。‎ ‎ You are heading for serious trouble.这样下去你会遇到麻烦的。 ‎ ‎186. head on [作状语]迎头,迎面 ‎ EG: The car hit the tree head on .汽车迎面撞到树上。‎ ‎187. help oneself(to)自取所需(食物等)‎ ‎188. hold back ‎ ‎ [1]踌躇,退缩; [2]阻止,抑制。‎ ‎189. hold on 继续握住不放 ‎190. hold on to 紧紧抓住,坚持 ‎191. hold out ‎ ‎ [1]维持,支持; [2]坚持,不屈服。‎ ‎192. hold up ‎ ‎ [1]举起,承载; uphold [2]阻止,使停止;‎ ‎ [3]抢劫,拦截。 holdup ‎193. hunger after 渴望 ‎ EG: He hungers after knowledge.他渴求知识。‎ ‎194. hunger for 渴望 ‎195. hurry up (使)赶快,匆匆完成 EG: Hurry up with your letter so that you can send it off today. ‎ 赶快把信写好,以便你今天发出去。‎ ‎ Hurry her up! We are all waiting for her. 催她快点,我们都在等她。‎ ‎ They hurried up their meal in order to see the football match. ‎ 他们匆匆吃完饭,以便去看球赛。‎ ‎196. improve on 改进,使…更好,改善 ‎ **improve in 在…方面好转或改善 ‎197. keep an eye on ‎ [1]照料,照应; [2]监视,注视。 ‎ ‎198. keep back ‎ ‎ [1]阻止,阻挡; [2]隐瞒,保留。‎ ‎199. keep company with 与…交往,与…结伴 ‎200. keep down ‎ ‎ [1]控制,压制,镇压; [2]压低,放低。‎ ‎201. keep from 使…不(做);‎ ‎202. keep house 管理家务,做家务 ‎203. keep in touch 保持联系 ‎204. keep off 不接近,避开 ‎205. keep on 持续不断,保持 ‎206. keep one’s head 保持镇静 ‎207. keep one’s word 守信(反义-break one’s word)‎ ‎208. keep out of 躲开,置身…之外 ‎209. keep to 固守…,局限于…‎ ‎210. keep track of 与…保持联系,跟上…的发展 ‎211. keep up ‎ ‎ [1]保持,维持; [2]继续进行,坚持。‎ ‎212. keep up with 向…看齐,跟上…‎ ‎213. keep /hold pace with 跟上,与…同步 ‎ EG: One should keep pace with the times.一个人应该跟上时代的步伐。‎ ‎214. knock down 击倒,撞倒 ‎215. knock out 击倒,击昏 ‎216. known as 以…而闻名 ‎217. lay aside 把…搁置一边,储蓄 ‎218. lay down ‎ ‎ [1]放下; [2]制定,拟定; [3]铺设。‎ ‎219. lay off ‎ [1](临时)解雇; [2]休息。‎ ‎220. lay out ‎ ‎ [1]安排,布置; [2]陈列,展示; [3]制定,设计。‎ ‎221. lead the way 带路,引路 ‎222. leave behind ‎ ‎[1]忘记带…; EG: Take care not to leave anything behind.当心不要落下东西。‎ ‎[2]留下。 EG: He has left a good memory behind. 他给人留下了美好的回忆。‎ ‎223. leave out 遗漏,略去(omit)‎ ‎ EG: I left out the important point .我遗漏了重要的一点。‎ ‎224. leave /let…alone 让独自呆着,不打扰,不干预 EG: Please leave me alone for a while.请让我一个人呆一会儿。‎ ‎225. lend itself to 适宜于,对…有用 a novel which lends itself well to dramatization for television适合于拍成电视剧的小说 ‎226. let alone ‎ ‎ [1]不干涉; EG: Let me alone.不要管我(让我安静一会儿)。‎ ‎ [2]更不用说.‎ ‎ EG: He won’t even thank you ,let alone pay you.他连谢都不会谢你,别说让他付钱给你了。‎ ‎227. let down ‎ [1]放下,降低; [2]使失望。‎ ‎228. let go 放开,松手 ‎ EG: Let go your hold.请松手。‎ ‎229. let in 让…进入,放…进来 ‎230. let loose 放开,放松,释放 ‎ EG: Has the dog been let loose or is it still tied up? 狗已经放了,还是依然拴着?‎ ‎231. let off <让…离开 >‎ ‎ [1]放(炮、烟火),开(枪); [2]宽恕,从宽处理;‎ ‎ [3]免除。‎ ‎232. let out <让…离开 >‎ ‎ [1]放掉,放出,发出; [2]放大(衣服),放松(绳子)。‎ ‎233. lie in 存在于(后多跟抽象名词;exist in后多跟具体名词)‎ ‎ EG: Happiness lies in contentment.知足常乐。‎ ‎234. line up 排队,使排成一行 EG: The children lined up on the ground according to height. ‎ 孩子们按高矮在操场上排成一行。‎ ‎235. live on /by 靠…生活,以…为食 ‎ live on rice /welfare parents(某人或某物) live by begging(手段,方式)‎ ‎236. live through 度过,经受过 ‎237. live up to 做到…,不辜负(keep high standards)‎ EG: His works lived up to his reputation.他的作品配得上其名声。‎ ‎238. look after ‎ ‎ [1]目送; [2]搜求; [3]照料,照顾,注意。‎ ‎239. look at ‎ ‎ [1]看…,目视…; [2]观察,调查。‎ ‎240. look back ‎ ‎ [1]回头看;‎ EG: They looked back and saw their pursuers gaining upon them. ‎ 他们回头一看,发现追赶他们的人越来越近了。‎ ‎ [2](on)回顾,记忆。‎ EG: The past always seems better when you look back on it. ‎ 每当回首过去时,往事似乎总是比较美好。‎ ‎241. look down upon /on 看不起,轻视 ‎242. look for ‎ ‎ [1]期待,盼望; [2]寻找,搜求。‎ ‎243. look forward to 盼望,期待 ‎244. look in (vi.)顺便看望 (= drop in)‎ ‎245. look into ‎ ‎ [1]窥视,过问; [2]调查; [3]观察。‎ ‎246. look on ‎ ‎ [1]旁观,观看; [2](as)看待,视为。‎ ‎347. look out ‎ [1]注意,警惕,留神,提防(=watch out); [2]向外看。‎ ‎248. look over 查看,调查,检查 ‎249. look through 仔细查看,浏览,温习 ‎250. look up 查阅,查询 ‎251. look up to 尊敬,敬仰 ‎252. lose heart 灰心 ‎253. lose one’s head 不知所措 ‎254. lose one’s temper 发脾气,发怒 (反义 -keep one’s temper)‎ ‎255. lose track 失去联系 **keep track通晓事态,注意动向 ‎256. make a face(或faces) 做鬼脸 ‎257. make a fool of 愚弄,欺骗 ‎258. make a fuss of 娇养(某人);过分关怀(某人)‎ ‎ EG: Don’t make a fuss of children so much. 别太娇惯你的孩子。‎ ‎ **make a fuss about /over 对…大惊小怪(=make much fuss about /over)‎ ‎ make much fuss about a tiny thing 小题大做 ‎ ‎259. make a /the difference 有影响,很重要 (反义-make no difference)‎ ‎260. make allowances for 考虑(事情),宽容 make allowance(s) for his youth 念在他年轻(识浅)的份上 ‎261. make believe 假装,冒充 (pretend)‎ make believe not to hear her 假装没听到她说的话 ‎262. make for ‎ ‎ [1]走向,驶向; [2]有助于,有利于。‎ ‎263. make friends 交朋友 ‎264. make fun of =poke fun at 嘲弄 ‎265. make one’s way ‎ [1]进行; [2]进展,成功。‎ ‎266. make out ‎ ‎ [1]辨认,区分; [2]理解,了解; [3]开列,书写。‎ ‎267. make progress 进步,进展 ‎ * *be in progress 在进行中,在进步中 ‎268. make sense 讲得通,言之有理,有意义 ‎269. make sure of /that ‎[1]查明,弄确实; [2]确信; [3]确定,务必。‎ ‎270. make the best of 充分利用,妥善处理 ‎ ‎271. make the most of 充分利用 ‎(make the best of表示将不利之物充分利用,make the most of只是表示作最大利用之意)‎ ‎272. make up ‎ ‎ [1]组成,构成; [2]捏造,临时编造;‎ ‎ EG: He was very good at making up convincing excuses. 他非常善于捏造令人信服的借口。‎ ‎ [3](为…)化妆;‎ EG: It was time to start making up for the evening performance.‎ 该是为晚上演出化妆的时候了。‎ ‎ [4]补充,补足。‎ EG: How long does it take you to make up blood you lose? ‎ 需要多长时间才能补足你损失的血呢?‎ EG: Whatever New England may lack in materials it makes up in bright ideas. ‎ 新英格兰不管在物质方面如何缺乏,但在观念方面却很开朗。‎ EG: I’m sorry I’ve got to go away again. I promise I’ll make it up next week. ‎ 真抱歉,我又得走了。我保证下周补偿。‎ ‎273. make up for 补偿,弥补(类例compensate…for)‎ ‎ EG: He made up for the loss. 他赔偿了损失。‎ ‎ Hard work can make up for a lack of intelligence. 勤奋往往可以弥补智力的不足。‎ ‎274. make up one’s mind 下决心 ‎275. make use of 利用 ‎276. make way 开路,让路 * *make one’s way 前进,行进 ‎277. mark time 原地踏步,停止不前,拖延时间 ‎278. mix up ‎ [1]搅匀,拌和; [2](with)混淆,弄乱。‎ ‎ EG:Dinner will be ready as soon as I finish mixing up this salad dressing.‎ ‎ The teacher always mixed me up with another student of the same name. ‎ 老师总是把我和另一个与我同名的学生弄混。‎ ‎279. occur to 被想到,被想起 ‎ EG: It suddenly occurred to him that he hadn’t locked the door.‎ ‎280. pass away 去世,逝世(die的婉转语)‎ ‎ EG: I’m sorry to hear that your grandmother has passed away.‎ ‎281. pass off 停止,中止[stop (doing sth) ; give up]‎ ‎ EG: Has your toothache passed off yet?你牙痛好了吗? ‎ ‎282. pass out 失去知觉,昏倒(另:knock out 击倒,击昏; 类例lay out; ‎ 反义come to苏醒,复原; bring to 使苏醒,使复原)‎ ‎ EG: I thought I was going to pass out.我想我要昏倒了。‎ ‎283. pay attention to 注意,照顾,招待(?)‎ ‎ EG: Pay courteous attentions to the guests. 殷勤待客 ‎284. pay back ‎ ‎ [1]偿还,还钱给(某人);‎ EG: Will you lend me $10? I will pay you back next month.‎ 能借给我10美元吗?我下个月还你。‎ ‎ [2]回报。‎ ‎ EG: How can I pay you back for all your kindness? 我该怎样报答你的好意呢?‎ ‎285. pay off ‎ ‎ [1]还清(债),给清工资后遣散;‎ ‎ EG: It took him six years to pay off the loan.‎ ‎ [2]得到好结果,(使)有报偿,使…得益(be successful)。‎ ‎ EG: We worked away for months in all weathers, and the hard work at last pay off very much. 我们不论天气好坏,连续干了三个月,艰苦的劳动终于有了很好的结果。‎ ‎286. pay up 全部付清 ‎ EG: If you don’t pay up, I’ll take legal action. 如果你不还钱,我就要起诉。‎ ‎287. pick out ‎ ‎[1]选出,挑出,拣出; [2]辨认,辨别出。‎ ‎288. pick up ‎ [1]拿起,拣起;‎ ‎ [2](车辆等中途停下来)把(人或东西)带走,取走;‎ ‎ EG: People usually stop and pick up a fisherman. 人们常让渔夫搭车。‎ ‎ [3](偶然)获得,(偶然或非正规地)学会;‎ ‎ EG: I may pick up a couple of useful ideas for my book.‎ 我或许偶尔获得几个对我这本书有用的想法。‎ ‎ EG: Did you pick up any Swedish? 你学会了一点瑞典语吗?‎ ‎ [4]好转,改进,增加(速度)。‎ ‎ EG: The economy is picking up. 经济在好转。‎ EG: The car pulled slowly away, then gradually picked up speed until it was out of sight. ‎ 轿车慢慢启动,然后逐渐加速,消失在视线之外。‎ ‎289. play a part (in) (在…中)起作用 EG: She played a major part in the success of the scheme. ‎ 她对该计划的成功起了重要作用。‎ ‎290. play with 以…为消遣,玩弄 ‎291. point out 指出 ‎292. prey on ‎ ‎ [1]捕食,杀害; [2]折磨,损害。‎ ‎ EG: prey on small game 捕食小猎物 ‎ Feelings of guilt preyed on his mind. 内疚感折磨着他的心灵。‎ ‎293. pull down ‎ ‎ [1]拆毁,拉倒 (同义—take down,tear down);‎ EG: Plans have been put forward to pull down and rebuild the area.‎ 已提出计划,要把这个地区的房屋拆掉重建。‎ ‎ [2]拉下,降低。‎ ‎ EG: He pulled down his hat over his eyes so that nobody should recognize him.‎ ‎294. pull in (车)停下,进站,(船)到岸 ‎ EG: I pulled in for gas.我进站停车加油。‎ ‎**pull in不及物;pull into及物,要有宾语。‎ 例: The train pulled into the station at 10:10.‎ ‎295. pull off 脱(帽、衣等)(反义—pull on穿上)‎ ‎296. pull on (匆忙)穿戴(尤其指用力或匆忙穿上)‎ ‎297. pull out ‎ [1]拔出,抽出,取出;‎ EG: He pulled out a gun from inside his jacket and pointed it at her. ‎ 他从上衣里掏出枪来指着她。‎ ‎ [2](车、船)驶出。‎ ‎ EG: He pulled out to overtake the lorry and narrowly missed a car coming the other way. 他开着车想超过那辆卡车,险些与迎面而来的小轿车相撞。‎ EG: We watched from the bridge as the train pulled out of the station. ‎ 火车驶出站时,我们从大桥往外望去。‎ ‎298. pull up (使)停下 ‎ EG: The car pulled up at the gate. 汽车徐徐开到大门口停了下来。‎ ‎299. put across 解释清楚,说明(同义词get across, put over, get through)‎ ‎ EG: The teacher quickly put /got the meaning of the passage across to the students.‎ ‎300. put aside 储存,保留(尤其用于金钱)‎ EG: Your best plan is to put aside funds to cover these sudden calls for money. ‎ 你的最佳计划是储存基金,以支付这些突然所需的款项。‎ ‎ Ten percent of the income was put aside for expansion of production.‎ ‎ 10%的收入存下来做扩大生产用。 ‎ ‎ **They have agreed to put aside their differences in the interests of wining the election. ‎ 他们已同意为了赢得这次选举而把分歧搁在一边。‎ ‎301. put away ‎ [1]放好,收好; [2]储存。‎ EG: The correspondence was all put away in numbered files.‎ 信件都分别放在编了号的文件夹里。 ‎ ‎302. put down ‎ [1]放下(lay down, place down);‎ ‎ EG: We put down our burdens and rested for some time.‎ ‎ [2]记下; [3]镇压,平定(keep down, put down)。‎ ‎ EG: They had to put down several other revolts before they gained complete control over the country.他们得把其他几个叛乱平息以后才能完全控制这个国家。‎ ‎303. put forward 提出 ‎ EG: What have you got to put forward to the committee? 你有什么要向委员会提出的?‎ ‎304. put in (船)进港 ‎ EG: We were refused permission to put in at Sydney.我们没有获准在悉尼进港。‎ ‎305. put in for 申请(与apply for不同,指书面正式提出申请)‎ ‎ EG: She thinks of putting in for position of manager. 她想申请当经理。‎ ‎306. put in order 使条理清楚,有秩序(?)‎ ‎307. put in to effect 实行,实现 ‎308. put off 推迟,延迟 ‎ EG: The meeting has been put off still Friday.‎ ‎ **put off+ doing sth ‎309. put on ‎ [1]穿上,戴上; [2]上演; [3]增加(体重)。‎ ‎310. put out ‎ ‎ [1]熄灭,关(灯); EG: He put the fire out. 他把火扑灭了。‎ ‎ [2]公布,发布;‎ EG: They put out false figures to cover up the real situation. ‎ 他们公布虚假的数字来掩盖实际情况。‎ ‎ [3]生产。‎ ‎ EG: Last year the factory put out over six million records.去年这个厂出了600多万唱片。‎ ‎311. put to use 利用,使用 EG: What a shame that no one has put that old deserted mansion to use.‎ 没有人利用那栋无人居住的古老大厦真可惜了。‎ ‎312. put up ‎ ‎ [1]建造,搭起,支起;‎ ‎ EG: We shall have to put up a fence. 我们将不得不搭起栅栏。‎ I should put your umbrella up. 我应该撑开你的伞。‎ ‎ [2]张贴;‎ ‎ EG: She put up a large sign outside her house. 她在她房子外面贴了一块大招牌。‎ ‎ [3]提名;‎ ‎ EG: He put up as an independent candidate. 他作为独立的候选人而获提名。‎ ‎ [4]提(价);‎ EG: The government has promised that taxes will not be put up again this year.‎ 政府许诺今年税收不会再提高。‎ ‎ [5]为…提供食宿,投宿;‎ ‎ EG: They put me up for the night. 他们留我过夜。‎ ‎313. put up with 容忍,忍受 ‎ EG: I’m prepared to put up with it for the time being. 我准备暂时忍受一下。‎ ‎314. put /bring into operation 使投入生产,使运转 ‎315. reckon on 指望,依靠 ‎316. reckon with ‎ ‎ [1]对付,处理; [2]估计到,预料到。‎ ‎ EG: The matter is easy to deal /cope /reckon with. 这件事很容易处理。‎ ‎ **cope with意为有效地或成功地对付或应付;而deal /reckon with只是采取行动去对付某人或某事,不考虑是否成功。deal with还表示“论述、涉及”的意义。reckon with还表示“估计到,预料到”的意义。‎ ‎317. refer to ‎ ‎ [1] refer…to 引…去查阅,参考; [2] refer to… 提到,涉及;把…提交;‎ ‎ [3] refer to… 参考,查询。‎ ‎318. refer to…as 把…称为,把…当作 EG: The American Indians referred to salt as magic white sand.‎ 美洲印第安人把盐称为魔力白沙。‎ ‎319. ring off 挂断电话 ‎ EG: I will have to ring off, I have a train to catch. 我得挂电话了,我还要赶火车呢。‎ ‎320. rub out 擦掉,拭去 ‎321. run down ‎ ‎ [1]撞倒,停掉,撞沉; [2]追捕,追获,追查出。‎ ‎322. run for 竞选 **run for it (为躲避大雨或危险等)快跑,‎ 例: As soon as they heard the siren, they ran for it.他们一听到警报声就奔跑躲避。‎ ‎323. run into 偶然遇见,撞上 (同义—come up against, meet with )‎ EG: In youth we run into difficulties, in old age difficulties run into us. (Josh Billings) ‎ 年轻时,咱们自己闯进困境里头去,上了年纪之后,困境冲着咱们而来。(比林斯)‎ ‎ EG: He ran into a bus at the zebra crossing. 在人行横道线处,他与一辆公共汽车相撞。‎ ‎ 与上句类例crash into /bump into /drive into与…相撞:‎ The car smashed into a wall.汽车撞在墙上。‎ ‎324. run off 复印,打印 ‎ EG: Could you run me off 5 copies of this article, please?‎ ‎325. run out of 用完,用尽,耗尽 ‎ EG: It looks as if oil will run out faster than coal. 石油似乎要比煤炭耗尽得快。‎ ‎ EG: We were rapidly running out of money. 我们的钱很快就要花光了。‎ ‎**run out of尤指汽油、墨水等用完;run down尤指电池、电等用完;use up泛指用完。‎ ‎326. run over ‎ ‎ [1]辗过; [2]略读,略述;‎ ‎ [3]溢出; [4]浏览,匆匆复习。‎ ‎327. run short(of) 短缺,不足 ‎328. scrape through 擦过,勉强通过 EG: He scraped through in the written papers, but she might make up his marks in the oral.‎ 虽然他勉强通过了笔试,但在口试中他或许能得高分。‎ ‎329. see off 给…送行,送别 ‎ EG: She saw him off at the station.‎ ‎330. see through ‎ ‎[1]看穿,识破; EG: I see through your little game.我看穿了你的诡计。‎ ‎[2]干完,干到底。‎ EG: I saw through the swindle, and refused to have any dealings with him.‎ 我识破了这一骗局,拒绝与他有任何来往。‎ ‎331. see to ‎ ‎[1]注意,负责,照料; [2]修理。‎ EG: Can you help me see to my car? 你能帮我修一下车吗?‎ ‎ I must see to getting the dinner ready.我必须把饭做好。‎ ‎332. send for ‎ [1]派人去请,召唤; [2]索取,函索。‎ ‎333. send in 递送,呈送,提交 EG: If you want a visa, be sure to send in your application in good time.‎ 你要获得签证的话,一定要及时提交申请。‎ ‎334. serve as 用作,作为 ‎ EG: He serves as a clerk in a bank.‎ ‎ The large box in his room can serve as a desk.‎ ‎335. serve somebody right 给某人应得的待遇,活该 ‎336. set about 开始,着手 ‎ EG: We set about our task at once with great enthusiasm.我们立刻一极大的热情投入工作。‎ ‎ As soon as she arrived home she set about tidying up the room.‎ ‎337. set aside ‎ ‎ [1]搁在一边; [2]留出,挑出;‎ ‎ [3]拒绝,不理会。‎ ‎ EG: Each week she tried to set aside a few dollars.她每周都设法存下几元钱。‎ ‎ How could you set aside all the objections and cling to your own course? ‎ 你怎能不顾一切反对意见而一意孤行呢?‎ ‎ The judge set aside the decision of the lower court. 法官宣布下级法院的判决无效。‎ ‎338. set back 推迟,延缓,阻碍 ‎ EG: The accident has them back several weeks. 那场事故已使他们耽搁了几周。‎ ‎ The bad weather will set back our building plans.坏天气将影响我们的建房计划。‎ ‎339. set down 写下,记下 EG: They were asked to set down a summary of their views. ‎ 我要求他们把自己的观点归纳出来。‎ ‎340. set fire to 放火 ‎341. set forth 阐明,陈述 EG: The Prime Minister forth the aims of his government in a television broadcast.‎ 首相在一次电视讲话中阐明了政府的目标。‎ ‎342. set free 解放,释放,给…自由 ‎343. set off ‎ ‎ [1]出发,动身; EG: They set off for the North yesterday. ‎ ‎ [2]使发生,引起。 EG: The question set off a lively discussion.‎ ‎ That set all of them off laughing again.‎ ‎344. set out ‎ ‎ [1]动身,起程; EG: We set out along the beach. 我们沿着海滩开始旅行。‎ ‎ [2]开始; [3]摆出,陈列;‎ ‎ EG: There were plenty of chairs set out for the guests.很多椅子被摆出来,供客人们坐。‎ ‎ [4]陈述;‎ ‎ EG: The views set out above are based on investigations. ‎ 上述观点是在调查的基础上得出的。‎ ‎ The reasons for my decision are set out in my report. ‎ 我在报告里阐述了我作出决定的理由。‎ ‎ [5]制定。‎ ‎345. set out to 打算,开始,着手(=set about doing)‎ ‎346. set up ‎ [1]创立,建立; [2]树立,架起;‎ ‎ [3]资助,扶持,(使能)开业,开始经商。‎ EG: His father intended to set him up as a doctor. 他父亲打算让他成为一名医生。‎ ‎ She left her parents’ home and set up on her own. 她离开父母家开始自立。‎ He made a trip to the South and considered setting up there. ‎ 他去南方跑了一趟,打算在那里开业。‎ ‎347. settle down 定居,过安定的生活 ‎348. show in 领入 ‎349. show off 炫耀,卖弄 ‎ EG: Most small children like to show off in front of visitors.‎ ‎ He is always picking up very heavy things just to show off his strength. ‎ ‎350. show up ‎ [1]使呈现,使醒目; [2]出席,到场。‎ ‎351. shut out 排除,不让…进来 ‎ EG: This shut out any danger of fire.这排除了失火的危险。‎ ‎ The late comers were shut out the stadium.迟到者都被关在体育场外面。‎ ‎352. sick of 厌烦 ‎ EG: She is sick of doing nothing. 她因无所事事而厌烦。‎ ‎353. sit for (准备)参加(考试),应考 ‎ EG: He sat for the entrance examinations.‎ ‎354. sit in(on)列席,旁听 EG: I was allowed to sit in on the deliberations of the board. ‎ 我被允许出席委员会的评议会议。‎ ‎355. sit up 迟睡,熬夜 ‎356. speed up 使加速(反义slow down;同义step up)‎ ‎357. stand by ‎ [1]站在一边,袖手旁观; [2]支持,帮助。‎ ‎358. stand for 代替,代表,意味着 ‎359. stand out 突出,显眼 EG: He stands out in the crowd, as he is 2 meters in height. ‎ 他在人群中显得很突出,因为他身高‎2米。‎ ‎ The two girls stood out from the whole class, and were always winning prizes for school work. 这两个女孩子在班上表现得很出色, 因成绩优异而频频获奖。‎ ‎360. stand up ‎ [1]站起来; [2](论据、论点等)站得住脚。‎ ‎361. stand up for 支持,维护,保卫 ‎ EG: Don’t be afraid to stand up for your rights. 不要害怕维护你的权利。‎ ‎362. stand up to ‎ [1]勇敢面对,反抗; [2]经得起,顶得住。‎ ‎ EG: He is too weak to stand up to her. 他太软弱,不敢面对她。‎ ‎363. start from scratch 从头做起,从零开始 ‎364. step in 插入,介入 EG: If the police had not stepped in when they did there would have been serious violence. ‎ 当时警方迟一些干预就会发生严重的暴力事件了。‎ ‎365. step up 加快,加速,增加 EG: When John found himself going to be late, he stepped up his face.‎ 当约翰发现自己要迟到时,他就加快了步伐。‎ EG: The factory has stepped up production. 工厂提高了产量。‎ ‎366. stick out 伸出,突出 ‎367. stick to 坚持,忠于,信守(同义adhere to,keep to,cling to,hold to)‎ EG: I will stick to my father whatever is said of him.‎ ‎368. sum up 总结,概括 ‎369. summon up ‎ [1]鼓起(勇气),奋起;‎ EG: You must summon up all your courage to meet the danger. ‎ 你必须鼓足勇气于面对危险。‎ ‎ [2]唤起。‎ ‎ EG: She tried to summon up the memory of the event. 她试图唤起对那件事的回忆。‎ ‎370. take a chance 冒险一试 EG: Won’t you take a chance on the prize? You may win it. ‎ 你何不碰碰运气去争奖?你可能得奖。 ‎ ‎371. take advantage of 利用 ‎372. take after 与…相象 ‎ EG: She takes after her mother in appearance.她的长相随她的母亲。‎ ‎ **look like 外表看起来“像”;‎ ‎ take after相貌、性格方面“随”年长的亲属。‎ ‎373. take apart 拆开,拆卸(机器)(?)‎ ‎374. take away 消除,消耗 ‎ EG: Please use this medicine to take away the pain. 止痛请用这种药。‎ ‎375. take care 当心,留神 ‎ EG: Take care not to catch cold. = Take care (that) you don’t catch cold.小心不要感冒着凉。‎ ‎376. take care of ‎ [1]照顾,照料; [2]承担,处理,负责(be responsible for)。‎ ‎377. take charge of 负责,监督,管理 ‎378. take delight in 以…为乐 ‎ EG: Harry takes great delight in teasing his little sister. 哈里很喜欢逗他的小妹妹玩。‎ ‎379. take down 记下,写下(同义—get down, set down, put down, write down)‎ EG: Your speech is so quick that I can’t take down what you’ve said.‎ ‎380. take effect 生效,奏效 ‎381. take in ‎ [1]接受,吸收;‎ ‎ EG: The school will take in three hundred new students.‎ ‎[2]了解,理解;‎ EG: People never take in new facts very easily when they’re unhappy.‎ 人们不高兴时,从来就不会非常容易地理解新事实。‎ ‎ [3]欺骗。‎ EG: The newspaper’s reportage on everything good and nothing bad takes its readers in. ‎ 这家报纸只报喜不报忧,使读者受骗。‎ ‎382. take off ‎ ‎ [1]起飞; [2]脱下。‎ ‎ EG: He took off his hat and bowed politely as he passed.‎ ‎383. take on ‎ ‎ [1]呈现; EG: Her face took on a haunted quality. 她脸上流露出心烦意乱的表情。‎ ‎ [2]具有; EG: The word is taking on a new meaning. 这个单词具有一种新的意义。‎ ‎ [3]接纳,开始雇佣;‎ EG: They no longer have to take on large numbers of temporary staff to do the checking. ‎ 他们无须再雇佣大量的临时工做核对工作。‎ ‎ [4]承担,从事;‎ ‎ EG: He was always ready to take on the hardest job. 他总是乐于做最艰难的工作。‎ ‎ [5]装出。‎ ‎384. take one’s cue from 学…的样,听…的劝告 EG: Tom took his cue from his teacher’s tone. 汤姆学他老师说话的腔调。‎ ‎385. take one’s time 慢慢来,从容不迫 ‎ EG: She is used to taking her time.她习惯于不慌不忙。‎ ‎* *take time 费时间,花功夫 ‎386. take over 接管,接办 ‎387. take pains 煞费苦心,尽力 ‎388. take part in 参加,协助 ‎389. take place 发生,举行 ‎390. take shape 成形 ‎391. take the place of 代替 EG: Nothing could take the place of the family he has lost. ‎ 他失去了家庭,这一损失是无法弥补的。‎ ‎392. take to 喜欢,亲近形成…的习惯 EG: I saw him yesterday for the first time and took to him at once.‎ 昨天我第一次见到他,并很快就喜欢上了他。‎ ‎ He took to writing novels.他开始喜欢写小说。‎ ‎393. take turns 轮流,交替 ‎394. take up ‎ [1]开始从事;‎ ‎ EG: My assistant left to take up another post. 我的助手离开了,去从事另一项工作。‎ ‎ [2]接受(挑战等);‎ EG: She wished Jane would take up Tom’s offer to decorate the house. ‎ 她希望简接受汤姆的提议,去装修房子。‎ ‎ [3]采取,采纳;‎ EG: He hated to see her taking up this hard, uncompromising attitude. ‎ 他不愿看见她采取这种强硬的、不妥协的态度。‎ ‎ [4]占去,占据。‎ ‎ EG: I won’t take up any more of your time. 我不愿再占用你的时间。‎ ‎395. take…as 把…作为 ‎ EG: They take him as a lucky person.他们把他看作幸运者。‎ ‎** take…as是“作为…使用(或对待)”, take…for含“把…误认为”之意。‎ 如: I took him for my brother.我把他当成我的兄弟了。‎ ‎396. take…for 把…认为是,把…看成为 ‎397. take…for granted ‎ [1]认为…理所当然;‎ ‎ [2](因视为当然而)对…不予重视 EG: He is so busy with his job that he takes his family for granted.‎ 他工作很忙,于是他便认为可以因此而不关心他的家人。‎ ‎398. take…into account 考虑 ‎ EG: I will take your suggestion into account. 我将考虑你的建议。‎ ‎399. talk back 回嘴,顶嘴 ‎400. talk into 说服 ‎ EG: She talked me into taking a week’s holiday. 她劝我去度一周假。‎ ‎**talk…out of 说服…不…‎ ‎401. think better of 改变主意,重新考虑 ‎402. think of ‎ ‎ [1]思索,考虑,深思; [2]想象;‎ ‎ EG: Just think of the cost! 想一想那费用吧。‎ ‎ [3]想到,忆及;想起;‎ EG : think of a word beginning with B. 想到一个以B为首的字。‎ ‎ [4]企图,意欲。‎ EG: I am thinking of going to Dublin. 我正计划去都柏林。‎ ‎403. think of… as 把…看做是,以为…是 ‎ EG: You mustn’t think of me as being unhappy. 你一定不要认为我不高兴。‎ ‎ I have long thought of it as the most enchanting city in England. ‎ 长期以来我一直认为这是英国最迷人的城市。‎ ‎404. think over 仔细考虑 ‎405. touch on 关系到,涉及(稍稍谈到)‎ ‎ EG: Our conversation touched on many subjects. 我们的谈话涉及到许多题目。‎ ‎406. touch up ‎ ‎ [1]对…作最后的润笔,修正; [2]使想[唤]起(记忆);‎ ‎ [3]轻轻鞭打(马等)。‎ ‎407. try on (动作)试穿 ‎408. try out 试验 ‎409. tune in (to sth) 收听,调谐 ‎410. turn down ‎ ‎[1]关小,调低; ‎ ‎ EG: That radio is pretty loud. Can you turn it down a little? ‎ 收音机声音太大了,你能关小一点吗?‎ ‎ [2]拒绝,摒弃。‎ ‎ EG: He proposed to her, but she turned him down. 他向她求婚,她拒绝了他。‎ ‎411. turn in ‎ [1]交还,上交;‎ EG: The work you’ve been turning in lately hasn’t been up to scratch. ‎ 你近期交上的作品还没有修改呢。‎ ‎ [2]转身进入,拐入。‎ ‎412. turn (…)into 变成 ‎ EG: The caterpillar turned into a butterfly.毛毛虫变成了蝴蝶。‎ ‎ The magician turned the girl into a swan which surprised the audience.‎ 魔术师把这个女孩变成了天鹅,使观众们很惊讶。‎ ‎413. turn off ‎ ‎ [1]关掉,断开; [2]拐弯,叉开。‎ EG: You don’t even turn off, you just go straight ahead. ‎ 你甚至不用拐弯,一直往前走就是了。‎ ‎414. turn on 接通,打开 ‎415. turn out ‎ ‎ [1]结果是,(最后)证明是;‎ ‎ EG: The beggar turned out to be a thief. 那乞丐原来是个贼。‎ ‎ [2]制造,生产;‎ ‎ EG: The factory has turned out high-precision instruments. 这家工厂生产出了高精密仪器。‎ ‎ [3]驱逐,(使)离开;‎ ‎ EG: He was turned out of his birth place.他被迫离开出生地。‎ ‎ [4]关掉,旋熄(尤指电器及煤气等)。‎ ‎ EG: Turn out /off the gas. 关掉煤气。‎ ‎416. turn over ‎ ‎ [1]移交,转交(=hand over); [2]翻过来,翻倒。‎ ‎417. turn to ‎ ‎ [1]变成; [2]求助于,借助于。‎ ‎ EG: In his desperation, he turned to drink.他在绝望中借酒消愁。‎ ‎418. turn up ‎ [1]到来,出现;‎ EG: He turned up at rehearsal the next day looking awful.‎ 第二天彩排时,他来了,脸色非常不好。‎ ‎ [2]开大,调大。‎ ‎ EG: Could you turn the fire up? 你能把火调大一点吗?‎ ‎419. use up 用完,耗尽 ‎ EG: Our stock of matches is used up. 我们储存的火柴用完了。‎ ‎420. ward off 防止,避开 ‎ EG: Brushing your teeth regularly helps to ward off tooth decay. 经常刷牙对防止蛀牙有好处。‎ ‎421. warm up (使)暖起来,(使)加热 ‎422. wear off 渐渐减少,逐渐消失 ‎ EG: The paint on your fingers will wear off in time. 你手指上的油漆会慢慢褪掉的。‎ ‎ The effects of the shock will soon wear off. 这种打击的影响不久即可消失。‎ ‎ **(使)人精疲力竭用wear out。‎ ‎423. wear out ‎ [1](物)穿破,磨损,用坏;‎ ‎ [2](人)(使)疲乏,(使)厌倦,(使)耗尽。‎ EG: His patience was worn out by all these troubles and anxieties. ‎ 这些烦恼和忧虑使他再也忍耐不住了。‎ ‎424. wipe out ‎ ‎[1]擦去,除去;‎ ‎ out 表示空间“由里向外”,因而与表示 ‎“clean”的动词连用,表示清除物体内部;而off 可表示“离开”平面,因而与表示 ‎“clean”的动词连用,表示清除物体表面(the surface of )。‎ 如:Did you sweep out the closet last night? 昨晚你把壁橱(里面)打扫干净了吗?‎ ‎ I cleaned out the desk and dusted it off. 我把课桌里面擦干净,并拭去桌面上的灰尘。‎ ‎[2]彻底摧毁,消灭。‎ EG: The whole enemy was wiped out.敌人全军覆没。‎ ‎ The earthquake wiped out the town. 地震毁灭了那座城市。‎ ‎425. work out ‎ ‎ [1]算出;‎ ‎ EG: The weekly rate is worked out by dividing by 52. 除以52就算出来每周费用了。‎ ‎ [2]想出,设计出,制定出; [3]解决。‎ EG: Economists have tried to work out an alternative economic system. ‎ 经济学家试图找到一种可供选择的经济体系。‎ ‎426. work up ‎ ‎ [1]引起,激起; [2]逐渐上升,向上爬。‎ ‎427. write off 取消,注销,勾销 ‎ EG: The new equipment was written off in three years.新设备三年就报废了 中考英语动词及动词词组命题趋势与预测 其考查重点为:‎ ‎1、动词和动词词组辨析。‎ ‎2、常用动词于名词、副词、介词构成的短语动词的基本含义和引申义。‎ 考点分析 一、对表示状态变化的系动词的考查 英语中常见的表示状态变化的系动词有 get , turn , turn out (结果是……), go , come (成为), fall , become 等。‎ ‎【考例】 The number of giant pandas is getting ______ because their living areas are becoming farmlands. (年江苏盐城)‎ A. less and less B. larger and larger C. smaller and smaller D. fewer and fewer ‎【解析】  答案为C。句意为“大熊猫的数量越来越少因为他们的生存空间正逐渐变成农场”。本题中四个选项都是“比较级+ and + 比较级”的结构,表示“越来越……”。主语为number,只能和large或small搭配。而结合句意可判断答案为C。‎ ‎--I am getting ___each month. I can't put on my jeans.‎ ‎ --I'm afraid you have to take exercise every day. [河南省]‎ A. heavy  B. heavier C. the heavier  D. the heaviest ‎[答案]B。[解析]本题考查形容词的比较级。根据句意要用比较级而heavy的比较级是heavier,故选B。‎ ‎【考例】The food in that restaurant ____delicious,but it tastes bad.    [沈阳市]‎ A. looks B.feels C becomes D.gets ‎[答案]A。[解析]从下句but it tastes bad,“但尝起来很差”,可推知选A:那家餐馆的食物看起来不错。‎ ‎【考例】一What do you think of the music,Fred?‎ 一It ________wonderful.[台州市]‎ A.smells     B. looks.    C.tastes     D.sounds ‎[答案]D。 [解析]系动词的用法常见的系动词有四个“起来”(smell,look,taste,sound),四个“变得”(turn,grow,become,get)以及feel,be等。音乐应该是“听起来”,其余三项不合句意。‎ ‎—It is said that no one bought that kind of fruit.‎ 一That's true.It tasted_________.[浙江]‎ A.good     B.terrible    C.well D.terribly 答案:B解析:根据第一个人说“据说没人买那种水果”可知,它尝起来不好吃。taste是连系动词,其后接形容词,故选B。‎ 一Do you know the final of men's singles will be played between Wang Liqin and Ma Lin?‎ ‎——Yes.I felt ____when I heard the ________news. [黄冈]‎ A.exciting;excited B.excited;exciting C.exciting;exciting  D.excited;excited 答案:B解析:当主语是人时,要用excited来修饰;用来修饰物时,要用exciting,故选B。‎ Hi,mum.Have you cooked fish for dinner? I can ____it.[ 河南]‎ A.taste     B. smell     C.feel     D.touch ‎55.答案:B解析:由句意“妈妈,你做好鱼了吗?”故“我能闻到昧了”,应选B。‎ ‎【考例】.Hi, mum. Have you cooked fish for dinner? I can _________it. [河南省]‎ A. taste           B. smell           C. feel            D. touch ‎[答案]B。[解析]本题考查词义辨析。因为是问妈妈是否做了鱼,如果看到、尝到鱼了,就不会这么怀疑了。 smell是闻到的意思。‎ 二、对表示状态存在的系动词的考查 常见的有 be, seem, appear, look, feel, smell, sound, keep, taste, remain, prove, stay, lie (处于某种状态), stand (处于某种状态)等。‎ ‎【考例】Carl felt _______because he won the first prize in the school singing competition. [安徽省]‎ A. interested       B. proud          C. angry          D. worried ‎[答案]B 。[解析]考查形容词词义。根据句意“获奖是值得高兴、自豪的事情”,应选proud。‎ 三、对动词的考查 ‎【考例】After they passed their exams, they __by having a party.[沈阳市]‎ A. succeeded     B.celebrated     C.prepared     D.received ‎[答案]B 。[解析]由于通过了考试,所以他们通过聚会的方式来庆祝,celebrate庆祝。‎ I am sure that he is________ a lie. [广东省]‎ A. saying         B. talking         C. speaking       D. telling ‎[答案]D。[解析]本题考查四个“说”动词的区别say强调说话的内容;talk为不及物动词,意为“交谈”;speak后接某种语言时为及物动词,作“说话,发言”讲时为不及物动词;tell为及物动词,当“告诉,讲,说” 等,经常和story,lie等连用,构成“讲故事”、“说谎”等短语,故本题选D。‎ How long does it __________ you to wash all the dishes? [成都市]‎ A. take        B. use         C. spend ‎[答案]A。[解析]本题考查词义辨析。“干某事用了某人多少时间” 用spend或take。而spend主语必须是人根据it takes sb some time to do sth结构可知应选A。‎ I visited many places including the History‎ ‎Museum last Saturday; When I_________ at the hotel, it was very late. [太原市]‎ A. got                  B. reached               C. arrived ‎[答案]C。[解析]本题考查三个“到达”的用法。get后接地点名词时要加介词to;reach是及物动词,其后可以直接跟地点名词;arrive是不及物动词,后接地点是“小地方”时可与 at连用;后接地点是“大地方”时可与介词in连用。此题空格后有介词at,故应该选C。‎ I am greatly interested in this painting. Something in it  ______the painter's deep love for nature. [河南省]‎ A. expresses B. discusses C. expects D. imagines ‎[答案]A。[解析]本题考查词义辨析。 express有“表达”的意思,符合本题的要求。‎ In the 49 world Table Tennis Championship(锦标赛),Wang Liqin________ Ma Linand ________the champion(冠军)of the Men's Singles.[芜湖市]‎ A.beat; beat B. won;won C beat; won D.won; beat ‎[答案]C。[解析]考查易混词的辨析动词beat后跟人或球队等,而win后则跟比赛、奖项等。‎ ‎9.一why do Chinese people like red?   ‎ ‎——Because they think it can __________them good luck.[浙江省]‎ A.carry B. bring C. make D.take ‎[答案]B。[解析]考查carry,take与bring的区别carry搬,携带;bring带来;make制作,使;take带走,由句意“因为他们认为它能给他们带来幸运”,故选bring。‎ 四、 对动词词组的考查 动词短语是高考考查的一个热点,几乎每套题中都要设置2-3个考查动词短语的。从题设上看,主要有以下几种形式:‎ ‎1.不同的动词,后面加上相同的小品词 使用频率较高的这类动词有:call,cut,come,go,get,look,put,set,turn,take,pay,pick,make等。常见的介词或副词有:in,off,out,up,away,for,on,over,等。‎ ‎1)动词+away构成的短语有:‎ throw away扔掉; put away把……收拾好;‎ give away捐赠,分发; carry away运走;run away,潜逃;跑开; go away走开等。‎ ‎【考例】‎ ‎2)动词+for构成的短语有:‎ answer for负责; provide for供养; call for提倡,要求; ‎ plan for打算,为……计划; hope for希望,期待; ask for请求,寻找;需要;‎ send for派人去请;go for努力获取; pay for偿还,赔偿; wait for等待; look for寻找 ‎【考例】‎ ‎3)动词+on构成的短语有:‎ Try on试穿,试验; put on穿上,上演; have on穿着,戴着;pull on穿,戴;hold on不挂断,停止; carry on继续开展,坚持; keep on继续;go on继续;‎ get on上(车、船);come on赶快等。‎ ‎【考例】‎ ‎4)动词+over构成的短语有:‎ come over过来; hand over移交 ; go over仔细检查,复习; get over克服,恢复;look over检查; think over仔细考虑; take over接受,接管; turn over翻转等。‎ ‎【考例】‎ ‎5)动词+up构成的短语有:‎ bring up抚育,培养; call up召唤,打电话给; come up走进,上来;‎ cut up切碎:fix up. 修理;give up放弃; go up上升,增长; grow up长大;‎ look up尊敬;向上看;查寻;make up虚构;弥补,组成; put up举起,搭建;‎ pick up捡起,(开车)接某人,偶然得到; set up建立,创(纪录); send up发射;show up揭露,露面; turn up出现,把……调高一点; ’take up占据,开始从事等。‎ ‎【考例】She has to _______some of her hobbies because she has no time to spend on them. [太原市]‎ A. give up               B. look up               C. pick up ‎[答案]A 。[解析]本题主要考查动词短语的用法。A项是“放弃”,B项是“抬头看;查询”,C项是“捡起”。根据后句意思:她没有时间花费在他们身上。推知空格处应选择“放弃”。‎ More and more foreigners want to ________their companies in China.‎ A.open up     B.look up     C.clean up     D.pick up 答案:A解析:open up意为“成立”,look up意为“查找;cleanup意为“打扫于净";pick up意为“捡起”。用open up 最合适。故选A。‎ ‎6)动词+out构成的短语有:‎ go out出去,熄灭; look out留神,当心 ; walk out走出; set out出发,开始:put out扑灭,生产; give out发出,发表; hand out分发; pick out挑选:‎ find out找出,发现; speak out大声地说出; turn out生产,打扫;‎ get out出去,离开; work out计算出,解决,锻炼;‎ carry out实现,执行; bring out出版, start out出发,动身等。‎ ‎2.同一个动词。后面加上不同的小品词(即介词或副词):‎ 常见的这些动词有:break,die,call,cut,come,get,go,look,put,set,turn,take,pay,pick,make等。‎ ‎1)break+介词/副词的短语有:‎ break down击败,摧毁;发生故障,(身体)垮掉; break out爆发;‎ break through突破,突围;break off中断,突然停止; break up打碎;分解;驱散;break in打断; break into破门而人; break away突然离开;逃脱;脱离等。‎ ‎2)bring+介词的短语有:‎ bring about使发生;bring back拿回来,使恢复;bring down打倒,降低;‎ bring in引进;bring out出版,生产;bring up培养,养育;bring over使相信,征服 ‎3)call+介词/副词的短语有:‎ call after以……的名字命名; call back叫回,召回,使回忆起;‎ call up征召入伍,给某人打电话,使想起; call on号召,拜访某人.‎ call in召集; call off取消等。‎ ‎4)come+介词/副词的短语有:‎ come in进来; come from;来自于……; come about产生;‎ come over过来: come out出来,出现; come by从旁经过;‎ come up上来,走进; come across偶遇; come along发生,进步;‎ come after跟着……来; come back回来;‎ come around恢复知觉;回来; come down下来,倒塌等。‎ ‎【考例】‎ ‎5)cut+介词的短语有: ‎ cut in插嘴,插入; cut across抄近路; cut back减少; cut off切断;cut up切碎,cut away砍掉; cut down砍倒,削减等等; cut out切掉,裁剪出,停止;‎ cut throug通过,穿过等。‎ ‎【考例】‎ ‎6)get+介词/副词的短语有:‎ get about传播;走动; get through到达,做完,通过,度过,打通(电话);‎ get in进入,陷入; get on上车,进展,融洽相处; get off下车,下来;‎ get across通过,被理解; get along进展,融洽相处; get away离开,脱身等。‎ ‎【考例】Don't __while the bus is moving,or you may hurt yourself and even someone outside.[南通市]‎ A.get on     B get up     C.get off     D.get in ‎[答案]C。[解析] 句中提到了bus,上车是get on,下车是get off,确定答案在A与C中。再由后面的someone outside(外面的人)可知,这儿说的是下车。‎ Wake up,Nick.It's time to____,or you'll be late for school.[温州]‎ A.get up     B.get back C.get away     D.get off 答案:A解析:本题考查动词短语的用法。由题意“到了起床的时间了,尼克,否则你会迟到”,故选A。‎ ‎7)give+介词/副词的短语有:‎ give up放弃;give in屈服,投降;give away赠送,捐赠;泄漏;‎ give over移交,交出,give off放出,发出,排出;give out分发,散发,放出(光,热);give back归还等。‎ ‎8)go+介词/副词的短语有:‎ go ahead着手,开始(做),进行;go along 进展,前进;go around到处走动;顺便访问;go away离去,走开;go beyond超过;go by过去,流逝;go down下降;go up上升;go for喜欢;go off离开,停止;go over复习,温习;go through经历,穿过等。‎ ‎【考例】‎ ‎9)1ook+介词/副词的短语有:‎ look after照顾,照料;look away把目光移开;1ook around环顾;look at看;look down朝下看;look for寻找;look into调查;look out当心;look through浏览,检查;等。‎ ‎【考例】--Excuse me, Mr Li, I don't know the meaning of the whole sentence. What shall I do? [2009成都市]‎ ‎    --You'd better first _______the new words.‎ A. look for        B. look up       C. look through ‎[答案]B。[解析]本题考查词义辨析。此处look up意为“查阅”(词典等)。look for寻找;look through浏览。‎ Kate didn't go to the movie last night because she had to ________her sick dog at home. [2009陕西省]‎ A. look at         B. look up         C. look for        D. look after ‎[答案]D。[解析]考查词组的的含义。四个选项中A项表示“看”;B项表示“仰视”或“查找”;C项表示“寻找”;而根据句意,只有D项“照看”符合题意。‎ ‎10)take+介词/副词的短语有:‎ The plane __________at three o'clock in the afternoon. [2009广东省]‎ A. takes off       B. takes away     C. takes out       D. takes down ‎[答案]A。[解析]本题考查四个动词短语的区别。题意为“飞机在下午三点钟起飞”。故应选A。take off是同定搭配,意为“脱下;起飞”等;而take away是“带走,拿走”的意思;take out意为“取出,拿出”;take down是“写下,记下”之意。‎ ‎11)turn+介词/副词的短有:‎ turn about/round(使)向后转,回头,转身; turn against(使)反对(某人);‎ turn away转过脸去,拒绝; turn back往回走; turn down调低,关小,拒绝;‎ turn in上缴,上交; turn into(使)变成; turn off关掉; turn on打开;‎ rum out'熄灭,生产; turn to求助于,转向; turn up 调高,到达,出现等。‎ ‎【考例】‎ ‎11)put+介词/副词的短语有:‎ put aside把……放在一边,积蓄; put back把……放回原处;put down放下,镇压;put forward提出,建议; put in放进; put off迟,拖延;‎ put on穿上,戴上,增加,上演, put out生产出,出版; put up举起,张贴等。‎ ‎【考例】After eight hours hard work,the firemen finally _____the forest fire.  [2009连云港市]‎ A.put away     B.put out     C.put down     D.put in ‎[答案]B。[解析]本题考查词义辨析。 put away收起来放好;put out熄灭;put down放下;put in放进去。宾语为“森林大火”,所以用put out。‎ ‎12)be/get/become+过去分词/形容词+介词的短语有:‎ be dressed in穿着; be fond of爱好,喜爱; be lost in沉溺于;be located in位于;be addicted to沉溺于. be used to习惯于; be curious about对……好奇;‎ be engaged in忙于……, be glad to乐意……; be convinced of确信,认识到;‎ be aware of意识到; be worried about担心等。‎ ‎【考例】‎ ‎13)动词+副词+介词的短语有:‎ add up to合计达; break away from从……脱离开; come up with想出;‎ catch up with赶上; get down to开始认真地做某事; go in for参加,追求;keep away from远离; keep up with跟上; date back to追溯到;‎ put up with忍受,容忍·; run out of用完; watch out for当心;‎ look down upon瞧不起; go ahead with开始,着手;‎ go along with一起去,同意; hold on to坚持等。‎ ‎【考例】Though their parents work in faraway cities to make money,those“stay-home children" can ________themselves.[台州市]‎ ‎ A.look out of     B come up with  C.take care of  D .catch up with ‎[答案]C。[解析]本题考查词义辨析。 look out of向外看;come up with想出take care of照顾catch up with赶上。句意为“虽然他们的父母在遥远的城市里工作赚钱,但那些留守的孩子能照顾好自己”。‎ ‎---Do you have this kind of MP4?‎ ‎---Sorry,we ____yesterday.You can come next week. [2009南宁市]‎ A.wrote them down     B. tried them on     C.took them off  D .sold them out ‎[答案]D 。[解析]从问句可知是买MP4,所以答语为“对不起,昨天卖完了”。Write down写下来;try on试穿;take off脱下;sell out卖完。只有D项符合题意。‎ ‎3。动词不同,小品词也不同。‎ ‎【考例】Don't ________people in trouble. Try to "help them, [吉林省]‎ A. hear. from   B. go over C. laugh at  D. took like ‎[答案]C 。[解析]联系上下句“不要嘲笑在麻烦中的人,要努力去帮助他们。”laugh at嘲笑,故选C。‎ ‎14. --Tom, it's cold outside. ________your coat when you go out.‎ ‎     --OK, Morn. [2009安徽省]‎ A. Take off        B. Take away     C. Put away       D. Put on ‎[答案]D 。[解析]本题考查词义辨析。因为外面冷,所以出去的时候要“穿上”外衣。‎ My parents and I like to __ outside after dinner. It is really relaxing. [2009太原市]‎ A. run off               B. hang out              C. dress up ‎[答案]B。[解析]本题主要考查动词短语的意思。A项run off意为“逃跑,流掉”;B项hang out意为“闲逛”;C项dress up意为“盛装打扮”。根据后句"It is really relaxing.”推知空格处应填hang out。 ‎ ‎.Lots of people in our city _______ the old and they usually offer their seats to the old on buses. [河南省]‎ A. agree with       B. worry about     C. laugh at        D. care for ‎[答案]D。[解析]本题考查词义辨析。 由句中的offer their seats to the old 0n bus和现实生活中就知道是“关心”“爱护”。   ‎ They are going to __a hospital to help poor people.[07南充市]‎ A.write down   B. hand out     C.set up ‎[答案]C。[解析]本题考查词义辨析。只有set up(建立)能与宾语a hospital搭配,write down(写下)和hand out(分发)都不合适。‎ The twins are talking about the book Who Moved My Cheese. It's fun to ___________them.  [昆明市]‎ A. join           B. join in         C. take part in    D. enter ‎[答案]A。[解析]本题考查了四个动词(组)的辨析。动词join多指加入某一组织;join in参加某个活动;take part in指参加某一活动,并在其中发挥作用;enter指进入某一地方或领域。由句意可知,这儿指加入到某一行列中,所以正确答案为A项。‎ ‎【语法回顾】‎ ‎1. 短语动词的分类ww.zk5u.ecom ‎(1)动词+介词 常见的有look for, look after, ask for, laugh at, hear of 等。这类短语动词的宾语只能放在介词后。如:‎ We often listen to the radio.我们坚持听收音机。‎ Look at the picture.请看这幅画。‎ She looks after our children她照料我们的孩子。‎ ‎(2)动词+副词 常见的有give up, pick up, think over, find out, hand in,等。这类短语动词的宾语如果是名词,既可放在副词前边,又可放在副词后边;宾语如果是人称代词或反身代词,则要放在副词前边。如:‎ He always get up early.他总是起得很早。‎ Don't forget to put on your coat.不要忘记穿上大衣。‎ Please wake me up at five.请在五点钟叫醒我。‎ ‎(3)动词+副词+介词ww.zk5u.ecom 常见的有 go on with, catch up with等。这类短语动词的宾语只能放在介词后边。如:‎ A doctor came up to me.医生走到我跟前。‎ We must go on with  the experiment.我们必须继续实验。‎ ‎(4)动词+名词+介词 常见的有take care of, make use of, pay attention to, make fun of 等。这类短语动词的宾语只能放在介词后边。如:ww.zk5u.ecom Pay attention to the teacher's teaching. Don't talk to each other.注意听老师讲课,不要交谈。‎ Her job is taking care of the patients.她的任务是照顾病人。‎ ‎(5)动词+形容词 常见的有leave open, set free, cut open等。这类短语动词的宾语如果是名词,则宾语可放在形容词的前边,也可放在后边;宾语如果是人称代词或反身代词,则必须放在形容词前边。如: The prisoners were set free.犯人获释了。‎ He cut it open.他把它割开了。‎ ‎(6)动词+形容词 +介词ww.zk5u.ecom Be used to习惯于, be afraid of害怕, be different from不同于,‎ be fond of喜欢, be angry with生气 He wasn't used to hard work.他不习惯艰苦的工作。‎ What are you afraid of? 你怕什么?‎ American football is different from the ordinary football.美国足球不同于一般足球。‎ ‎6)动词+名词 常见的有take place, make friends等。这类短语动词用作不及物动词。如:‎ The May 4th Movement took place in 1919.五四运动发生于一九一九年。‎ I make friends with a lot of people.我和许多人交朋友。‎ ‎2. 短语动词的辨析ww.zk5u.ecom ‎(1)be made in(在……生产或制造), be made of(由……组成或构成)‎ ‎(2)come down(下来;落), come along(来;随同), come to oneself(苏醒),come true(实现), come out(花开;发芽;出现;出来), ‎ come over(过来;顺便来访),come in(进来), come on(来吧;跟着来;赶快), come up with(找到;提出)‎ ‎(3)do one’s best(尽最大努力), do well in(在……干得好), ‎ do one’s homework(做作业), do some reading(阅读)‎ ‎(4)fall asleep(入睡), fall behind(落在…..后面), ‎ fall off(从……掉下), fall down(到下;跌倒)‎ ‎(5)get down(下来;落下), get on(上车), get to(到达), get up(起床),‎ get back(回来;取回), get off(下来), get on well with(与……相处融洽),‎ get married(结婚), get together(相聚)‎ ‎(6)give up(放弃), give…a hand(给与……帮助), give a concert(开音乐会)‎ ‎(7)go back(回去), go on(继续), go home(回家), go to bed(睡觉),‎ go over(过一遍;仔细检查), go out(外出;到外面), go wrong(走错路),‎ go on doing(继续做某事), go shopping(买东西), go boating(去划船), ‎ go fishing(去钓鱼), go hiking(去徒步旅行), go skating(去滑冰),‎ go straight along(沿着……一直往前走)‎ ‎(8)have a look(看一看), have a seat(坐下), have supper(吃晚餐), have a rest(休息), have sports(进行体育活动), have a cold(感冒),‎ ‎ have a cough(咳嗽), have a good time(过得愉快), have a headache(头痛),have a try(尝试;努力)‎ ‎(9)look for(寻找), look out(留神; 注意), look over(仔细检查),‎ look up(向上看;抬头看), look after(照顾; 照看), look at(看;观看),‎ look like(看起来像), look the same(看起来像),‎ ‎(10)make friends(交朋友), make phone calls(打电话), make money(赚钱),make the bed(整理床铺), make a noise(吵闹), make a faces(做鬼脸),make one’s way to(往……走去), make room for(给……腾出地方),‎ make a decision(做出决定), make a mistake(犯错误), make up one’s mind(下决心)‎ ‎(11)put on(上演;穿上;戴上), put up(挂起;举起), put down(把某物放下来),put away(把某物收起来), put off(推迟)‎ ‎(12)take off(脱掉衣服), take photos(照相), take time(花费时间),‎ take out(取出),take a seat(坐下), take an active part in(积极参加),‎ take care of(照顾;照料;注意), take exercise(做运动),‎ take one’s place(坐某人的位置;代替某人的职务), take turn(轮流)‎ ‎(13)talk about(谈话;交谈), talk with(和……交谈)‎ ‎(14)turn on(打开电灯,收音机,煤气,自来水等),‎ turn off(关上电灯,收音机,煤气,自来水等),‎ turn down(关小;调低), turn…over(把…..翻过来)‎ ‎(15)think of(认为;想起), think about(考虑)‎ ‎【语法过关】 ‎ ‎1-Do you like the music "the Moonlight Sonata"?‎ ‎-Yes, it ______ really beautiful.‎ ‎. feels  B. sounds  C. listens  D. hears ‎2.Bill might phone while I'm out this evening. If he ______, could you take a message?‎ A. does  B. might  C. phoned  D. will 3.Alice, we are going to spend our holiday in Canada or, if you ______, we can go to China instead.‎ A. hope  B. wish  C. prefer  D. agree ‎4.He is so careless that he always______ his school things at home.‎ A. forgets  B. forgot  C. leaves  D. left ‎5.I bought a new dictionary and it ______me 30 yuan,‎ A. paid  B. spent  C. took  D. cost ‎6.I have to go now. Please remember to______ the lights when you leave,‎ A. turn off  B. turn down  C turn up  D. turn on ‎7.--- all your things, Tom! I hate them here and there.‎ ‎---OK, Mom.‎ Put up  B. Put on  C. Put down  D. Put away ‎8.—How do you go to work every day?‎ ‎—I______ on my bicycle.‎ A. ride  B. drive  C. take  D. walk ‎9.—Oh, you painted the walls yourself?‎ ‎— Yes. It was not hard. The whole work didn't_______ much.‎ A. want  B. cost  C. spend  D. pay ‎10.—One more satellite was sent up into space in China in May.‎ ‎—Right. The government spoke _______ that.‎ highly for  B. high of  C. well of  D. highly of ‎11.—There is a ticket on the floor, is it yours?‎ ‎—Oh, yes, it's mine.‎ ‎—Let me______ for you.‎ to pick up it  B. to pick it up  C. pick up it  D. pick it up ‎12.—May I _____ your Chinese- English dictionary?‎ ‎—Sony, I______ it at home.‎ borrow, forgot  B. lend, left  C. lend, forgot  D. borrow, left ‎13.—Your sweater looks nice, is it______ wool?‎ ‎—Yes, and it's______ Inner Mongolia.‎ A. made of, made by  B. made of, made in  C. made by, made for  D. made by, made from ‎14.—Don't you think you should paint the wall?‎ ‎—Who would ________?‎ A. see  B. look  C. watch  D. notice ‎15. 1 don't_______ what to do at all. You can decide yourself.‎ want  B. mind  C. like  D. have ‎16.. It's really not easy to catch up with my classmates. Whenever I wanted to_______, my teacher always encouraged me to work harder.‎ go on  B. turn down  C. give back  D. give up ‎17.. The doctor _____ the child carefully and found that there was nothing serious with him.‎ looked over  B. looked at  C. looked after  D. looked for ‎18.. It's too dark here . Please ___________ the light.‎ A. turn back  B. turn down  C. turn on  D. turn off ‎19. --- Where can we get a football?‎ ‎--- Let's ___________.‎ A. lend Jim one    B. lend one to Jim   C. borrow one from Jim    D. borrow one of Jim ‎20. Tom, please help me ___ the picture on the wall.‎ A. put up  B. put on  C. put off  D. put into ‎【参考答案】‎ ‎1.B 上文说的是"音乐",说"feels"美,不合逻辑;用"listens"和"hears"都与后面的"beautiful"不相适应。"sounds beautiful"才符合英文的表达习惯。‎ ‎2.A 这里的"does"用于代替前面的动词"phone",是为了避免重复。(如用C. phoned,就重了,不符合英文表达习惯。)‎ ‎3.C."hope, wish"意思相近,肯定不妥,"agree"又与句中的"or"不相适应。"prefer"有"更喜欢"的意思,与句意吻合。‎ ‎4.C 。forget与 leave 两个词都有"遗留"的意思,leave 多指把但是遗留在什么地方,后面常接表示场所的词,forget后面则不能接表场所的词。‎ ‎5.D 主语是"物"时,多用"cost"。‎ ‎6.A turn off,"关闭";turn on,意思是"打开"。‎ ‎7.D Put up举起,张贴,建造;Put on穿上,戴上;Put down记下,写下;Put away收起来放好
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