新课标备战中考复习错题专项突破s字母篇

新课标备战中考复习错题专项突破s字母篇

‎2011中考英语考前错题本 （s字母篇）‎ safe 　　【误】 The brave man safed the boy from drowning. 　　【正】 The brave man saved the boy from drowning. 　　【析】 safe是形容词，如： They wished him a safe journey. safely是副词，如： The young man drives his car safely. 而safety是名词，如： safety island(安全岛)，Safety first!(安全第一!)但save是动词。 　　same  　　【误】 Yesterday I got a postcard. It is the same that you got the day before yesterday. 　　【正】 Yesterday I got a postcard. It is the same as you got the day before yesterday. 　　【析】 the same that意为"即是"，而the same as才能译为"像……一样的。" 　　【误】 Your book is not same as mine. 　　【正】 Your book is not the same as mine. 　　【析】 the same as中的定冠词不能少。 　　say  　　【误】 His report wrote she is nineteen. 　　【正】 His report says she is nineteen. 　　【析】 中文中常讲"报告上写到"、"信上写到"，这样的"写"在英文中要用say. 　　say speak talk tell 　　 　　英文中"说"一般有四个词，其中say和tell为及物动词。tell可以加双宾语，如Please tell me a story. 而speak与talk为不及物动词。speak只有后面直接加"语言"时才是及物的，如： Please speak English. 请看下句： He went on talking for a long time, but he spoke so fast that few of us could catch what he said. 　　sea  　　【误】 As a boy his great ambition(抱负) was to go to the sea. 　　【正】 As a boy his great ambition was to go to sea. 　　【析】 go to sea为"去当水手、海员"；而go to the sea=go to the seaside, 如： He want to go to the sea for his vacation. 　　在"海中"游泳为in the sea; at sea为在"海上航行"，如： I have a brother at sea. by sea为"坐船"、"由海路运输"，如： We travelled to New York by sea. 　　second  　　【误】 I want to learn the second foreign language. 　　【正】 I want to learn a second foreign language. 　　【析】 当作为"第二"外语，"再增加一个"时，不要用the second而要用a second. the second强调排队的次序，a second强调再增加一个。 　　see  　　【误】 He was seen leave the room. 　　【正】 He was seen to leave the room. 　　【析】 see作主动态时用作to see somebody do something, 而用作被动态时则是somebody to be seen to do something. 要注意惯用法let me see(让我想想)。 　　sheep  　　【误】 There are five sheeps on the ‎ grass. 　　【正】 There are five sheep on the grass. 　　【析】 sheep是单、复数同形名词，其他的还有： deer(鹿)，fish(鱼)等。 　　ship  　　【误】 I travelled on a yacht. 　　【正】 I travelled on a ship (in a yacht). 　　【析】 虽然都是船，但游艇(yacht)要用in, 而ship要用on. 　　sick  　　【误】 The little boy was a ill boy. 　　【正】 The little boy was a sick boy. 　　【析】 sick与ill作表语时都表示"有病"之意，如： He feels ill. 或He feels sick. 都对，但作定语时则只能用sick. 　　since  　　【误】 He is living in Greece since 1978. 　　【正】 He has lived in Greece since 1978. 　　【正】 He has been living in Greece since 1978. 　　【析】 　　由since引出的状语从句意为"自从"某时一直如何，主句要用完成时或完成进行时。  　　【误】 She has been quite different since came back from America. 　　【正】 She has been quite different since coming back from America. 　　【析】 分词短语可以用在after, before, since等介词后面。 　　sleep  　　【误】 The boy was very asleep. 　　【正】 The boy was fast asleep. 　　【析】 熟睡在英文中为fast asleep. 非正式英语中一般不常用He's sleeping. 而常讲He's asleep. 其形容词sleepy是"困倦的"，如： I shall go to bed now. I'm so sleepy. "卧铺"英国人讲sleeping car，而美国人讲sleeper. 　　slow  　　【误】 Slow the door opened. 　　【正】 Slowly the door opened. 　　【析】 slow与slowly的用法与意思相同，在口语中和路标中多用slow，如： Tell him to drive slower. Slow, dangerous bend. 但是如果用在动词前还是要用slowly. 　　smile  　　【误】 She smiled to me. 　　【正】 She smiled at me. 　　【析】 "冲着某人笑"应为to smile at somebody. 　　so  　　【误】 It is such beautiful a book that every child likes it. 　　【正】 It is such a beautiful book that every child likes it. 　　【正】 It is so beautiful a book that every child likes it. 　　【析】 关于so与such用法的区别有四种情况： ① 用于单数可数名词之前，其格式为"such+不定冠词+形容词+名词"，而"so+形容词+不定冠词"。② 用于可数名词复数或不可数名词前，只能用 such，如： It is such good weather that we want to go for a walk. They are such good students that they can pass the exam easily. ③ 在只有形容词时只能用so，如： It is so good that I like it very much.④ 在many, much, few,‎ ‎ little这四个词前只能用so而不能用such。如： I have so little money that I can't buy the dictionary. 　　【误】 He got up early so as he could catch the first bus. 　　【正】 He got up early so as to catch the first bus. 　　【正】 He got up early so that he could catch the first bus. 　　【正】 He got up so early that he could catch the first bus. 　　some 　　 　　【误】 Do you have some lessone to prepare? 　　【正】 Do you have any lessons to prepare? 　　【析】 在疑问句或否定句中要用any; some多用在肯定句中，如： I have some money to buy it. 　　在请求，或真心希望得到肯定答复时，在疑问句中也要用some，如： Would you like something to drink?即真心实意希望为对方提供饮料。又如： Could you lend me some money?即真心想要借到钱。 　　sometime  　　【误】 I have sometime thought that I should like to live in the country. 　　【正】 I have sometimes thought that I should like to live in the country. 　　sometime sometimes some times sometime  　　sometime为"某个时候"、"总有一天"，如： We'll meet again sometime next year. 或过去的"某一时刻"，如： I saw her sometime in July. sometimes为"有时候"、"时常"、"常常"，如： Every man is a fool sometimes, and none at all times. Some times为"若干次"，如： I visited America some times. May be five or seven times. I am not sure. Some time则是"一段时间"、"一些时候"，如： I want to leave some time. 　　soon  　　【误】 The room as soon as became crowded. 　　【正】 The room soon became crowded. 　　【析】 soon为"不久"、"很快"，如： I'll be there very soon. 而as soon as意为"一……就……"，如： As soon as I finished my homework I went out to play football. 　　sound  　　【误】 The report sounds well. 　　【正】 The report sounds good. 　　【析】 sound作动词时其后接形容词而不接副词，如： How sweet the music sounds! 　　sport  　　【误】 Are you going to run in the school sprot? 　　【正】 Are you going to run in the school sprots? 　　【析】 sport用作可数名词单数时指具体的某项运动，如： Basketball is an indoor sport. 而在泛指"运动"或"运动会"时要用其复数形式sports. 　　spring  　　【误】 I'll visit America in this spring. 　　【正】 I'll visit America in spring. 　　【正】 I'll visit America this spring. 　　【析】 英语一年四季前如果有that, this, last,‎ ‎ next等词，则其前面不要再加介词。这样的用法还有周、月、年等。请看下面句子中的用法有何不同： He told me that she did it on the next day. 这时是指过去某一天的第二天，所以才有这种用法。如果以现在为时间基点的第二天应为I'll do it next day. 　　start  　　【误】 What time will you start to San Francisco? 　　【正】 What time will you start for San Francisco? 　　【析】 start与leave一样，其后接"for+目的地"。 　　begin start  　　begin与start在很多场合下是一样的意思，如： We started/began to study English two years ago. 但在如下场合则不能用begin: ① 作为"启程"讲，如： I think we ought to start at six. ② 表示"开始工作"，如： The car won't start. (车子发动不起来。) ③ 作为"开动"、"启动"讲，如： Do you know how to start this machine. 　　still  　　【误】 Oh, it is still raining now. 　　【正】 Oh, it is still raining. 　　【析】 因still即包含有现在仍然如何，所以now是多余词。 　　still yet already  　　still一般与动词连用，可放于句子中间用以说明过去开始的动作现在仍然在继续，特别用来表示我们希望它早点停止。如： I've been thinking for hours, but I still can't decide. yet一般放于句末，用在疑问句与否定句中。如： Has the postman come yet? already则与动词连用，可放于句中表示某事的发生比预期的要早，如： I've already finished my homework. 　　stop  　　【误】 When the teacher came into the classroom the students stopped to talk. 　　【正】 When the teacher came into the classroom the students stopped talking. 　　【析】 stop to do something是"停下来去做某事"，而stop doing something是"停止做某事"。 　　street  　　【误】 There is a narrow winding street from our village to the next one. 　　【正】 There is a narrow winding road from our village to the next one. 　　【析】 street一般指城市中两旁有建筑物的"街道"，而road多指乡间的"路"。 　　strict  　　【误】 You ought to be strict to him. 　　【正】 You ought to be strict with him. 　　【析】 be strict with是"对……严格的"。 　　such  　　【误】 Do you want to have such a dictionary? 　　【正】 Do you want to have such a good dictionary? 　　【正】 Do you want to have a dictionary like that? 　　【析】 such作加强语气时一般是"such+(冠词)形容词+名词"，如： It's such a good book. 但如果名词前没有形容词则要看其名词是否具有"能显示程度的含意"，如： I've got such a headache. You are such fools!否则在such与名词之间一定要有形容词。 　　sure ‎  　　【误】 I am quite sure for that answer. 　　【正】 I am quite sure of that answer. 　　【析】 sure用于句中表示"对……事有确实把握"时应跟of或about，而不跟for，如： I'm sure about (of) his ability to control this machine. 　　sweet  　　【误】 Honey tastes sweetly. 　　【正】 Honey tastes sweet. 　　【析】 sweet可以作为名词，意为"糖果"，是可数名词，如： May I have a sweet?作形容词，如： The child looked very sweet. 而sweetly为副词，意为"甜美地"、"悦耳地"。要注意taste为感观动词，其后面要接形容词而不是副词。