中考专题复习分类汇编题型1单项选择专项训练01名 词

中考专题复习分类汇编题型1单项选择专项训练01名 词

题型一　单项选择 时间：0.5～1分钟/小题　　分值：1分/小题 ‎　命题点一　名词辨析 ‎1. 语境辨析。　　　　　　　2. 近义词辨析。‎ ‎3. 固定搭配。熟记各类常见短语的含义及用法。‎ ‎(　　)1. (2019天津)Every year many foreign friends come to see the ________ of Tianjin, such as Tianjin Eye and Haihe River.‎ A. concerts　　 B. plays　　 C. cartoons　 　D. sights ‎ ‎(　　)2. (2019重庆A卷)—It's hot today. Have some ________， please.‎ ‎—No, thanks. I'm not thirsty at all.‎ A. water B. potatoes C. bread D. cakes ‎ ‎(　　)3. (2019重庆B卷)It's cold today. Take your ________ with you when you go out.‎ A. knife B. coat C. brush D. key ‎ ‎(　　)4. (2019河北)Your________ is very helpful. I guess I'll take it.‎ ‎ A. secret B. advice C. promise D. purpose ‎ ‎(　　)5. (2019河南)—Are you going out with Jade tonight?‎ ‎—That's my ________. Mind your own!‎ A. offer B. business C. question D. chance ‎ ‎(　　)6. (2019山西)During the next few days, I decide to have a good ________ by taking a walk or seeing a movie. I really need to relax.‎ A. meal 　　　　B. sleep 　　　　　　　C. rest ‎ ‎(　　)7. (2019 安徽)Cathy has such a good________ that she won many prizes in singing competitions last year.‎ A. sleep B. idea C. voice D. time ‎ ‎(　　)8. (2019江西)Some old people need a ________ because they feel lonely.‎ A. gift B. stick C. pet D. watch ‎ ‎(　　)9. (2019福州)—Who is the person you admire the most?‎ ‎—Qian Xuesen, the Father of China's Missiles. He is the ________ of China.‎ A. leader 　　　　B. pride 　　　　　　　C. voice ‎ ‎(　　)10. (2019武汉)—Look, the boss is angry with Alex.‎ ‎—Well, he came late again. But that's no ________ to shout at him.‎ A. problem B. lesson C. excuse D. reason ‎ ‎(　　)11. ( 2019大连)Cambridge is famous for its ________. Many famous people studied there.‎ A. university B. hospital C. bank D. museum ‎ ‎(　　)12. (2019大连)It might be cool in the evening. You'd better take a(n)________．‎ A. umbrella B. sweater C. wallet D. camera ‎ ‎(　　)13. (2019黄冈)—Could you take out the rubbish and do the dishes, Tony?‎ ‎—Sure. Mom will be mad if she sees this________， I think.‎ A. matter B. mess C. trouble D. difficulty ‎ ‎(　　)14. (2019滨州)—Do you know about the scientist Tu Youyou?‎ ‎—Yes, she won the 2019 Nobel Prize in medicine because of her great ________．‎ A. surprise B. achievement ‎ C. education D. satisfaction ‎ ‎(　　)15. (2019德州)Bill will be a /an ________ to interview the football players in the coming Rio 2019 Olympics.‎ A. guest B. reporter C. tourist D. engineer ‎ ‎(　　)16. (2019达州)—Why did Lucy look unhappy?‎ ‎—Because she was so careless that she made many spelling ________ in her homework.‎ A. friends B. plans C. decisions D. mistakes ‎ ‎(　　)17. (2019温州)When an earthquake happens, I think the most important safety ________ is to keep calm.‎ A. rule B. doubt C. condition D. problem ‎ ‎(　　)18. (2019衡阳)—The last bus has left. What should we do?‎ ‎—Let's take a taxi. We have no other ________ now.‎ A. choice 　　　　B. reason 　　　　　　　C. habit ‎ ‎(　　)19. (2019自贡)—How can I get some ________ about the 2019 Olympic Games?‎ ‎—Why not search the Internet?‎ A. information 　　　B. experience 　　　　　C. practice ‎ ‎(　　)20. (2019咸宁)—Tu Youyou received the Nobel Prize for her ________ of artemisinin(青蒿素)．‎ ‎—And she was the first Chinese who won the prize in science.‎ A. design B. thought C. invention D. discovery ‎ ‎(　　)21. (2019襄阳)—Look! So many colorful bicycles in two lines over there.‎ ‎—They're for public. This ________ of green smart traffic is everywhere in Xiangyang city.‎ A. number B. pair C. kind D. piece ‎ ‎(　　)22. (2019东营)—Why do people never cut up the ________ on their birthdays?‎ ‎—Because they are a symbol of long life.‎ A. eggs B. cakes C. noodles D. dumplings ‎ ‎(　　)23. (2019淮安)Lily often helps her mother do some cooking in the ________．‎ A. kitchen B. garden C. bathroom D. bedroom ‎ ‎(　　)24. (2019泰州)—What ________ will you get after winning the competition in the programme Stay to the end(一站到底)?‎ ‎—A free trip to Bali Island.‎ A. award B. attention C. advice D. ability ‎ ‎(　　)25. (2019吉林)The ________ pollution is becoming more and more serious. We haven't seen blue skies for several days.‎ A. noise 　　　　B. water 　　　　　　　C. air ‎(　　)26. (2019徐州)My cousin works for an airline. He flies planes. He is ________．‎ A. an inventor B. a scientist C. an explorer D. a pilot ‎ ‎(　　)27. (2019抚顺)Your English is really good. What's your ________？‎ A. secret B. service C. spirit D. science ‎(　　)28. (2019厦门)—The milk shake tastes good. How do you make it?‎ ‎—It's easy, just follow the ________．‎ A. discussions 　　　　 B. instructions 　　　　　　C. resolutions ‎(　　)29. (2019甘肃通用卷)People usually touch something with their ________．‎ A. eyes B. noses C. mouths D. fingers ‎(　　)30. (2019泉州)—The water in the glass is sweet. Did you put any ________ in it?‎ ‎—Yes. I added some to it just now.‎ A. sugar 　　　　 B. salt 　　　　　　　C. oil ‎(　　)31. (2019葫芦岛)—Which city do you prefer to visit, Hangzhou or Shanghai?‎ ‎—I've no idea. It's hard to make the ________．‎ A. report B. project C. decision D. speech ‎ ‎(　　)32. (2019 阜新)—I hear you have to get up early every morning.‎ ‎—Right. It's one of the ________ in my family.‎ A. rules B. orders ‎ C. reasons D. experience ‎(　　)33. (2019齐齐哈尔)The mobile phone sells for ￥5000, it is much more than its real________．‎ A. cost 　　　　B. value 　　　　　　　C. price ‎ ‎(　　)34. (2019绵阳)He was born in Germany, but he has made China his ________．‎ A. family B. address C. house D. home ‎ ‎(　　)35. (2019东营)Great ________ for football lovers—more than 50，000 soccer schools will be built in our country by the end of 2025.‎ A. news B. message ‎ C. situation D. information ‎ ‎(　　)36. (2019朝阳)I think computers are very useful. They can help us get much ________ on the Internet.‎ A. game B. information ‎ C. exchange D. message ‎(　　)37. (2019青岛)Nancy took her temperature and found she had a ________．‎ A. cough B. toothache C. cold D. fever ‎ ‎(　　)38. (2019宿迁)When the man went through the forest alone, he lost his ________ and felt afraid.‎ A. task B. work C. way D. job ‎ ‎(　　)39. (2019盐城)Life is like riding a bicycle. To keep your ________， you must keep moving.‎ A. promise B. position C. balance D. ability ‎ ‎(　　)40. (2019孝感)—Mom, I will eat less fast food this year, believe me.‎ ‎—If you make a ________， you must keep it.‎ A. joke B. noise C. mistake D. promise ‎(　　)41. (2019西宁)A smart phone makes a big ________ to our life.‎ A. difference B. decision ‎ C. progress D. prediction ‎(　　)42. (2019随州)Peter didn't tell his parents that he was going home because he wanted to give them a ________．‎ A. note B. surprise C. call D. gift ‎ ‎(　　)43. (2019苏州)Steve Jobs was full of ________ — always coming up with new ideas which led to great changes in society.‎ A. instruction B. invitation C. introduction D. invention ‎ ‎(　　)44. (2019扬州)—Why not buy a secondhand flat first if you don't have enough money?‎ ‎—That's a good ________．‎ A. saying B. question C. suggestion D. decision ‎ ‎(　　)45. (2019连云港)—It's useful for the deaf people to learn sign language.‎ ‎—Yes, it's a major way of ________ for them.‎ A. suggestion B. vacation ‎ C. production D. communication ‎ ‎(　　)46. (2019鄂州)—Could you show me the method of cooking the tasty cookies?‎ ‎—Please follow the ________ on the cookbook.‎ A. direction B. attention ‎ C. introduction D. instruction ‎　命题点二　名词单复数 ‎1. 可数名词复数的判断。 ‎ ‎2. 可数名词与不可数名词的判断及变形。‎ ‎3. 不可数名词的数量表达，用：基数词/冠词＋数量词＋of。‎ ‎(　　)1. (2019宜宾)Yibin is one of the most beautiful ________ in Sichuan.‎ A. city 　　　　B. cities 　　　　　　　C. citys ‎ ‎(　　)2. (2019广安)—Have you heard of Lin Zexu and Zhan Tianyou?‎ ‎—Of course. They are our national ________．‎ A. hero B. heros C. heroes D. hero's ‎ ‎(　　)3. (2019昆明)Each couple in China can have two ________ from January 1st, 2019.‎ A. boy B. girl C. children D. child ‎(　　)4. ( 2019广东)The broken ________ may cut into your hand if you touch it. You should be careful.‎ A. glass B. glasses C. candle D. candles ‎ ‎(　　)5. (2019南宁)These ________ in beautiful dresses will have a party this evening.‎ A. man B. men C. woman D. women ‎ ‎(　　)6. (2019怀化)—Mum, I'm hungry. May I have some________？‎ ‎—Sure. But don't eat too much.‎ A. hamburgers 　　　　B. milks 　　　　　　　C. cake ‎ ‎(　　)7. (2019来宾)—There are many ________ about this farm.‎ ‎—Yes, lots of ________ are planted on it.‎ A．photo; potato B．photos; potatos C．photos; potatoes D．photoes; potatoes ‎ ‎(　　)8. (2019巴中)Mickey Mouse is one of the most famous ________ in American________．‎ A. symbol; culture 　B. symbols; cultures 　　　　C. symbols; culture ‎ ‎(　　)9. (2019天水)There are many websites on the Internet and there ________ a lot of useful ________ on the websites.‎ A. are; informations B. are; information C. is; information D. is; informations ‎ ‎　命题点三　名词所有格 ‎1. 有生命的名词及表时间、距离、国家等常用's。‎ ‎2. 无生命的名词一般用：of＋名词。‎ ‎3. 表两个人共同拥有，用“A and B's”。‎ ‎4. 表两个人各自拥有，用“A's and B's”。‎ ‎(　　)1. (2019天水)It's about ________ from our school to my house.‎ A. 20 minutes' walk B. 20 minute's walk C. walk of 20 minutes D. 20 minutes' walks ‎ ‎(　　)2. (2019绥化)________ room is big and nice.‎ A. Kate's and Jane's B. Kate's and Jane ‎ C. Kate and Jane's ‎ ‎(　　)3. (2019新疆建设兵团)This is ________ bedroom. It's tidy and nice.‎ A. Lily's and Lucy's B. Lily and Lucy's C. Lily's and Lucy D. Lily and Lucy ‎ ‎(　　)4. (2019东营)—Are you sure this is a photo ________， the famous comedy actress?‎ ‎—It surprised you, didn't it? But she was once really thin.‎ A. Jia Ling B. Jia Ling's ‎ C. of Jia Ling D. of Jia Ling's ‎ ‎(　　)5. (2019安顺)There'll be a ________ meeting next week, and my parents will ________ come for it.‎ A. parents'; all B. parents'; both C. parent's; all D. parent's; both ‎ ‎(　　)6. (2019河池)—There is an MP5 on the desk, whose is this?‎ ‎—It can be my ________， she bought one yesterday.‎ A. sister B. sister's C. sisters' D. sisters ‎(　　)7. (2019武威)________ mothers can't go to the parents' meeting because they are too busy.‎ A. Jack's and Paul B. Jack's and Paul's C. Jack and Paul's D. Jack and Paul ‎　命题点四　名词作定语 ‎1. 名词作定语，一般用单数。‎ ‎2. man和woman作定语，其单复数与被修饰词的单复数保持一致。‎ ‎3. 复合形容词作定语，结构为：数字＋(连字符即“”)＋名词单数。‎ ‎(　　)1. (2019重庆A卷)It's sports time. Most________ students in Class 1 are playing football on the playground.‎ A. boy B. boys C. boy's D. boys' ‎ ‎(　　)2. (2019绥化)Our school has fiftysix ________ teachers.‎ A. woman 　　　B. women 　　　　　　C. woman's ‎ ‎(　　)3. (2019贵港)—What would you like for breakfast?‎ ‎—I'd like ________．‎ A. tomato noodle B. tomato noodles C. tomatoes noodle D. tomatoes noodles ‎ ‎(　　)4. (2019连云港)—Yan Jiashuo, a ________ girl, has won the prize of International Master of Memory.‎ ‎—Wow, she's great, isn't she?‎ A. tenyearold B. tenyearsold ‎ C. ten year old D. ten years old ‎ ‎(　　)5. (2019哈尔滨)Xi Jinping, our ________ president, paid a visit to Harbin last month. How encouraging!‎ A. 63 years old 　　B. 63 years' old 　　　　　C. 63yearold ‎ 题型一单项选择 专项训练一 名词命题点一名词辨析 1. D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每年许多外国朋友来看天津的，如天津眼和海河。concerts音乐会；plays戏剧；cartoons动画片，漫画；sights风景。根据空格后面的“天津眼和海河”可知此处指风景，故选D。‎ 2. A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意“今天真热。请喝些。”“不，谢谢。我一点也不渴。”water 水；potatoes 土豆；bread 面包；cakes 蛋糕。根据句中的关键词thirsty可知答案，故选A。‎ ‎3. B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天很冷。当你外出时带上你的。knife刀；coat外套；brush刷子；key钥匙。根据前一句语境可知此处指的是带上衣服，故选B。‎ ‎4. B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你的非常有用。我想我会采纳的。secret秘密；advice建议；promise许诺，允诺；purpose目的。分析句意并结合四个选项可知，此处指你的建议非常有用，故选B。 ‎ ‎5. B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意“今天晚上你要和杰德一起出去吗？”“那是我的。管好你自己的事吧！”offer提供，给予；business生意，事情；question问题；chance机会。根据句意和语境可知此处应是表示：那是我的事。故选B。 ‎ ‎6. C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几天里，我决定通过散步或者看电影好好地。我真的需要放松。meal饭；sleep睡眠；rest休息。根据I really need to relax.可知用rest；have a good rest意为“好好休息”。故选C。‎ ‎7. C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：凯茜有如此好的以至于她去年在唱歌比赛中赢得了许多奖项。sleep睡眠；idea主意；voice嗓音；time时间。根据空后句意“在唱歌比赛中赢得了许多奖项”可推知她肯定有一副好嗓音。故选C。‎ ‎8. C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些老人需要一个因为他们感觉孤单。gift礼物；stick木棍，棍子；pet宠物；watch手表。感觉孤独，因此需要宠物陪伴，故选C。‎ ‎9. B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意“你最钦佩的人是谁？”“中国导弹之父钱学森。他是中国的。” leader领导；pride骄傲；voice声音。根据句意可知B项正确。‎ ‎10. D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意“看，老板在生亚历克斯的气。”“嗯，他又迟到了。但是那不是朝他大喊的。”problem问题；lesson课；excuse借口；reason原因。 根据答语的意思可知老板朝他大喊的原因不是因为他迟到了，故选D。‎ ‎11. A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：剑桥以它的而闻名。许多名人在那儿学习过。university大学；hospital医院；bank银行；museum博物馆。根据关键词studied及常识可知选A。‎ ‎12. B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：晚上可能会冷。你最好带一件。umbrella雨伞；sweater毛衣；wallet钱包；camera相机。根据前一句描述可知此处建议带一件保暖的衣服，故选B。‎ ‎13. B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意“托尼，你可以倒垃圾和洗盘子吗？”“当然可以。我认为如果妈妈看到这么，她会生气的。”matter物质，事件；mess杂乱；trouble问题，麻烦；difficulty困难。根据上句中“倒垃圾和洗盘子”及后一句中“妈妈会生气”可知此处指很杂乱。故选B。‎ ‎14. B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意“你知道科学家屠呦呦吗？”“知道，她因为伟大的获得了‘2019年诺贝尔医学奖’。”surprise惊奇，惊讶；achievement成就；education教育；satisfaction满意。根据句意可知是伟大的成就，故选B。‎ ‎15. B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：比尔将作为一名采访即将到来的2019‎ 里约奥运会中足球运动员们。guest客人；reporter记者；tourist游客；engineer工程师。根据“interview ”可知是记者。故选B。‎ ‎16. D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意“为什么露西看起来不高兴？”“因为她是如此粗心以至于她在作业中犯了很多拼写。”friends朋友；plans计划；decisions决定；mistakes错误。根据“so careless”可知表示犯错，故选D。‎ ‎17. A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当地震发生的时候，我认为最重要的安全是保持冷静。rule规则；doubt疑惑；condition条件；problem问题。根据句意可知选A。‎ ‎18. A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意“最后一班公交车已经走了。我们该怎么办？”“让我们坐出租车吧。我们现在没有其他的。”choice选择；reason理由；habit习惯。此处指没有其他的选择。故选A。‎ ‎19. A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意“我怎么才能得到一些关于2019年奥林匹克运动会的 。”“为什么不上网搜索一下？”information信息；experience经验，经历；practice练习。此处指得到一些关于奥林匹克运动会的信息，故选A。‎ ‎20. D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意“屠呦呦因为青蒿素获得了诺贝尔奖。”“并且她是中国第一位在科学领域获得诺贝尔奖的人。”design设计；thought思想；invention发明；discovery发现。青蒿素是本来就存在的东西，因此屠呦呦是发现了青蒿素。故选D。‎ ‎21. C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意“看！那边有那么多彩色自行车排成两排。”“它们是公用的。这绿色智能交通工具在襄阳市随处可见。”number数字，号码；pair双；kind种类；piece条，块。分析语境可知此处指这种交通工具，故选C。‎ ‎22. C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意“在过生日时，人们为什么从来不把 切断？”“因为它们是长寿的象征。”eggs鸡蛋；cakes蛋糕；noodles面条；dumplings水饺。根据常识可知，过生日吃面条意味着长寿。故选C。‎ ‎23. A【解析】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：莉莉经常在帮助她的妈妈做饭。kitchen厨房；garden花园；bathroom洗手间；bedroom卧室。根据句中“do some cooking”可知，是在厨房做饭。故选A。‎ ‎24. A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意“在《一站到底》的比赛中获胜之后，你将获得什么？”“一次到巴厘岛的免费旅行。”award奖励；attention注意；advice建议；ability能力。根据句意可知，此处表示“获奖”。故选A。‎ ‎25. C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：污染变得越来越严重。我们已经好几天没看见蓝天了。noise声音，噪音；water水；air空气。根据后一句“看不见蓝天”可知，本题应该是说“空气污染”。故选C。‎ ‎26. D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的堂(表)哥(弟)在一家航空公司工作。他开飞机。(所以)他是。an inventor 一位发明家；a scientist一位科学家；an explorer一位探险家；a pilot一位飞行员。根据前句的“flies planes”可知，只有选项D符合。故选D。‎ ‎27. A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你的英语真的很好。你的是什么？secret秘密，秘诀；service接待，服务；spirit精神，勇气，意志；science科学。根据常识可知，称赞完他人学得好，接着应该是询问“秘诀”。故选A。‎ ‎28. B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意“这个奶昔尝起来不错。你怎么做的？”“很简单，就只是按照。”discussions讨论；instructions说明书；resolutions决心，决定。follow the instructions“按照说明书”，故选B。‎ ‎29. D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们通常用他们的触摸东西。eyes眼睛；noses鼻子；mouths嘴巴；fingers手指。发出“touch”这个动作，只能是“手指”。故选D。‎ ‎30. A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意“杯子里的水是甜的。你给里面放了吗？”“是的。我刚才在里面放了一些。”sugar糖；salt盐；oil油。由常识可知，“‎ 水甜”肯定是放了“糖”。故选A。‎ ‎31. C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意“你更喜欢游览哪个城市，杭州还是上海？”“我不知道。那很难做。”report报告；project项目，工程；decision决定；speech演讲。上句是选择疑问句，故此处是做决定。make the decision“做决定”，是固定短语。故选C。‎ ‎32. A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意“我听说你每天早上都不得不早起。”“是的。那是我们家的之一。”rules规则，规矩；orders命令，指示；reasons原因；experience经验，经历。结合常识可知，“早起”作为一个家庭的“规矩”最符合。故选A。‎ ‎33. B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这部手机卖5000元，这比它实际的贵得多。cost花费；value价值；price价格，表示价格高用high修饰，价值大用much修饰。故选B。‎ ‎34. D【解析】考查近义名词辨析。句意：他出生在德国，但是他把中国当作他的。family家庭，家人，多指家庭成员；address地址；house房子，住宅，多指建筑物；home家，居住的地方，有感情色彩，有团聚、思念之含义。此处指情感意义上的家，富有感情色彩。故选D。‎ ‎35. A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：足球爱好者的好——到2025年末，我国将会建造超过50000个足球学校。news新闻，侧重“新”字；message消息，一般指口头或书面的消息；situation情况，状态；information信息，通常指在阅读、观察、谈话或书信往来中特别关注的消息、情报、资料等。根据语境可知，本题侧重于新闻性，故选A。‎ ‎36. B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为电脑非常有用。它们可以帮助我们从网上获得很多。game游戏；information消息，信息(不可数名词)；exchange交换；message信息；消息(可数名词)。根据句意可知，此处填“信息”；且由句前修饰词much(修饰不可数名词)可知information符合。故选B。‎ ‎37. D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：南希量了她的体温，发现她 。cough咳嗽；toothache牙疼；cold寒冷，感冒；fever发烧，发热。根据“took her temperature”可知她发烧了，故选D。‎ ‎38. C【解析】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当那个人独自穿越雨林时，他迷失并感到害怕。task任务；work工作；way道路；job工作。根据前一分句“穿越雨林”和后面“感到害怕”推知，他迷路了；lose one's way意为“迷路”。故选C。‎ ‎39. C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：生活就像骑自行车。要保持你的，你必须不断前行。promise诺言；position位置，地位；balance平衡；ability能力。此处指“为保持平衡，必须往前移动”。故选C。‎ ‎40. D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意“妈妈，今年我要少吃快餐，相信我。”“如果你做出，你必须遵守。”joke笑话；noise噪音；mistake错误；promise诺言。根据语境可知妈妈说的是做出了承诺就要遵守它。故选D。‎ ‎41. A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一部智能手机对我们的生活会产生很大的。difference差别，不同；decision决定；progress进步；prediction预测。根据句意可知智能手机对人们的生活产生很大的影响，make a difference“有影响；起作用”。故选A。‎ ‎42. B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：彼得没有告诉父母他将要回家，因为他想给他们一个。note便条；surprise惊喜；call电话；gift礼物。give sb. a surprise“给某人一个惊喜”，故选B。‎ ‎43. D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：史蒂夫·乔布斯充满——他总是想出能引导社会巨大变革的新点子。instruction指南；invitation邀请；introduction介绍；invention发明。根据破折号后的解释，表明乔布斯很有创意，‎ 因此他有很多的发明。故选D。‎ ‎44. C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意“如果你没有足够的钱，为什么不先买一套二手公寓呢？”“这是一个好。”saying话，格言，谚语；question问题，疑问；suggestion建议，提议；decision决定，决心，决议。上句是一个建议，后者是赞同建议。故选C。‎ ‎45. D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意“对于聋哑人来说学习手语是很有用的。”“是的，对于他们来说这是一种主要的方式。”suggestion 建议；vacation 假期；production 产量；communication 交流。此处指盲人用手语进行交流。故选D。‎ ‎46. D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意“你可以向我展示制作这种可口饼干的方法吗？”“请按照食谱上的。”direction方向；attention注意；introduction介绍；instruction说明。follow the instruction“按照说明”，为固定用法。故选D。‎ 命题点二名词单复数 1. B【解析】考查名词单复数。句意：宜宾是四川最美丽的之一。“one of the ＋形容词最高级＋名词复数”，表示“最……之一”，city的复数是y变i加es。故选B。 ‎ 2. ‎2. C【解析】考查名词单复数。句意“你听说过林则徐和詹天佑吗？”“当然，他们是我们的民族。”分析句意，they作主语，指代林则徐和詹天佑，因此hero用复数，正确形式为heroes，故选C。‎ ‎3. C【解析】考查名词单复数。句意：在中国，从2019年1月1日起，每一对夫妇可以有两个。根据空前two可知用名词复数，选项中只有children是可数名词复数，故选C。‎ ‎4. A【解析】考查名词单复数。句意：如果你动它，这破碎的 可能刺进你的手。你应该小心。 glass玻璃； glasses眼镜；candle蜡烛；candles蜡烛，复数。根据句中的it可知表示单数，排除B、D；能划伤手的应该是“玻璃”，故选A。‎ ‎5. D【解析】考查名词词义与单复数。句意：这些穿着漂亮裙子的今晚要参加晚会。man男人；men是man的复数形式；woman女人；women是woman的复数形式。由“in beautiful dresses”可排除A和B；these修饰复数名词，故选D。‎ ‎6. C【解析】考查名词单复数。句意“妈妈，我饿了。我可以吃些吗？”“当然了。但是不要吃得太多。”hamburgers汉堡包，可数名词复数；milks，表达错误；cake蛋糕，不可数名词。由答语中的关键词“too much”可知用不可数名词。故选C。‎ ‎7. C【解析】考查名词单复数。句意“这里有很多关于这个农场的照片。”“是的。这个农场上种了很多土豆。”根据many及lots of可知两空都用复数。正确书写形式分别是photos和potatoes，故选C。‎ ‎8. C【解析】考查名词单复数。句意：米老鼠在美国上是最有名的之一。“one of the＋形容词最高级＋复数名词”，表示“最……之一”，故第一空为复数symbols；且culture(文化)常用作不可数名词。故选C。‎ ‎9. C【解析】考查名词单复数和主谓一致。句意：网站上有很多网页并且这里有很多有用的。information为不可数名词，故谓语动词应用单数is，故选C。‎ 命题点三名词所有格 1. A【解析】考查名词所有格。句意：从我们学校到我家大约。在名词所有格当中，表示时间等无生命的名词所有格用's，如果是可数名词复数需用s'表示。该题中表示20分钟的路程，用20 minutes' walk。故选A。‎ 2. C【解析】考查名词所有格。句意：房间又大又漂亮。当and连接两个并列名词表示共有关系时，只在最后一个名词后加“'s”，表示单数意义；当and连接两个并列名词表示各自拥有物品时，两个名词词尾都加“'s”，表示复数意义。根据语境和is可知此处指的是二人共有的房间。故选C。‎ 3. B【解析】考查名词所有格。句意：这是房间，它又干净又漂亮。由This ‎ is和It's可知是两人共有的房间。故选B。‎ 1. C【解析】考查名词所有格。句意“你确信这是那个著名喜剧女演员贾玲的照片吗？”“这出乎你意料了，不是吗？但她曾经确实很瘦。”a photo of Jia Ling和a photo of Jia Ling's都表示“贾玲的照片”，但是前者表示“照片上的人是贾玲本人”，而后者表示“照片属于贾玲，但是照片上的人不一定是贾玲本人”。根据答语可知照片上的人是贾玲本人，故选C。5. B【解析】考查名词所有格与普通不定代词辨析。句意：下周有一场家长会，我父母都会来。家长会用复数名词所有格，parents的所有格为parents'；根据parents可知不定代词用both，故选B。‎ 6. B【解析】考查名词所有格。句意“桌上有个MP5，这是谁的？”“它可能是我。她昨天买了一个。”此处表示我妹妹的(MP5)，属于名词所有格，sister的所有格直接加“'s”，故选B。‎ 7. B【解析】考查名词所有格。句意：妈妈们不能去参加家长会，因为她们太忙了。A项表达有误；B项表达各自拥有的；C项表达共有的；D项不是所有格。根据空后的“mothers”以及句中的“they are...”可知表达各自的妈妈，故选B。‎ 命题点四名词作定语 1. A【解析】考查名词作定语。句意：现在是运动时间。一班的大多数男生正在操场上踢足球。一般情况下，合成名词的复数形式，只需将其主体词变为复数形式。故选A。‎ 2. B【解析】考查名词作定语。句意：我们学校里有56名女老师。用woman/man作定语修饰名词，当该名词变为复数时，前后两个名词都需要变成复数形式，因此选B。‎ 3. B【解析】考查名词作定语。句意“你早餐想吃什么？”“我想吃西红柿面条。”西红柿面条，只需将“面条”变为复数形式，“西红柿”作定语，用原形，故选B。‎ 4. A【解析】考查复合形容词作定语。句意“闫家硕，一个10岁的女孩，获得了‘国际记忆大师’称号。”“哇，她太棒了，不是吗？”“数词＋单数名词＋形容词”构成的复合形容词，词与词之间要加连字符，且其中的名词一定要使用单数形式。故选A。‎ 5. C【解析】考查复合形容词作定语。句意：我们63岁的习近平主席，上个月访问了哈尔滨。多令人鼓舞啊！由句意可知此处修饰名词president，应该用复合形容词。故选C。‎