2020版高考英语复习课时作业（十四）（含解析）北师大版必修5

2020版高考英语复习课时作业（十四）（含解析）北师大版必修5

课时作业(十四)　课时练(一)　阅读理解提速练——练速度(限时：35分钟)阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节　(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A[2019·江西各校检测]TheUKhasawholehostofthingstodoforfreeoratalowpriceandthereareanumberofwebsitesdevotedtobringingyouthebest.TakealookatourguidetosomeofourfavoriteUKcities.LondonIfyouliveinornearLondonandhaveaccesstotheInternet,you'lldiscovermanychoicesoffreeentertainment.TheLondonistisanamusingwebsitethatoffersdailyandweeklybreakdownsofthefreeandcheapeventsinthecity.Categoriesincludeart,comedy,music,foodanddrink,theater,festivalsandtalks.Headovertolondonist.comforthelatestscheduleofaffordableentertainment.TimeOut'swebsite(timeout.com/london)alsohaslotsofinformationaboutfreefuninthelivelycapital.Findoutwhythe60sreallycemented(巩固)LondonasthecounterculturecapitaloftheUKinourshop.ManchesterManchesterisprobablyoneofthetopcreativecentersofEngland(ifnottheUK).IfyouneedanyfurtherconvincingthenheadovertoCreativeTouristwhereyoucanfindbagsofdaytimeandnighttimeentertainmentthat'seasy_on_the_pocket.Whileyou'rethereyoucanalsocheckoutLiverpoolandSheffield.Manchesterisahistoricalcity,whichhasshapedlifeinBritain.Takealookinourshop.GlasgowIfManchesteristhecreativecenterofEnglandthenGlasgowhastobethecreativecenterofScotland.YoucanvisitScotland'sCenterforDesignandArchitectureatTheLighthouse,orgoovertotheGalleryofModernArt,andthenthere'sthewonderfulandstrangeHunterianMuseum.ForthelowdownonthebestfreenofGlasgow,takealookatVisitScotland.ForalookatGlasgow'spicturesquequalitiesclickhere.【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文，介绍了一些关于英国著名城市的网站。1．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“easyonthepocket”mean?A．Available.　　　　　　　B．Favorable.C．Affordable.D．Reasonable.答案与解析：C　考查词义猜测。根据文章第一段第一句可知，该篇文章的主要内容就是介绍一些关于英国城市中免费的或较为便宜的娱乐项目的网站，由此可推知，easyonthepocket应该是“易于负担……的费用”的意思，affordable“花费得起的，担负得起的”符合语境。available“可获得的”；favorable“赞许的；有利的”；reasonable“合情理的；有道理的”。2．Whichwebsitecanyouvisitifyouareinterestedinarchitecture?A．Londonist.B．CreativeTourist.C．TimeOut.D．VisitScotland.答案与解析：D　考查细节理解。根据Glasgow部分中的“YoucanvisitScotland'sCenterforDesignandArchitecture...takealookatVisitScotland”可知，答案为D。3．Wherecanyouprobablyfindthepassage?A．Inageographybook.B．Inafashionmagazine.C．Inatouristbrochure.D．OntheInternet.答案与解析：D　考查文章出处。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一些关于英国著名城市的网站以及这些网站中的一些项目的信息，根据文章内容及文章最后一句中的“clickhere”可知，这篇文章可以在网上看到，故答案为D。B[2019·济宁一模]IwasreallynervousaboutEnglishclassthisyearbecauseIwasaneleventhgradertakingatwelfthgradeclass.IknewthatIwouldn'tknowanyoneintheclass,andthatscaredmealittle.ButsinceIdidn'tknowanyone,IhadthechancetodosomethingIlovealmostasmuchassocializing—peoplewatching.Oneofthemostinterestinggirlsintheclasssatdirectlynbehindme.Shewasalwayslaughingandtalking,andshejustseemedsohappy.Shewasfriendly,too—shewasoneoftheveryfewpeopleintheclasswhomadeanyattempttoacknowledgeme.Attheendoftheyear,wewereassignedabigproject.Itwasaveryopenendedproject,wheretheinstructionswerebasicallytoreadsomething,thenreadorwatchsomethingelsethatrelatedtoit,andthencomeupwithaclasspresentationbasedonwhatyoulearned.Thepresentationswerespreadoutoverthelastmonthofschool.Thegirlbehindmepresentedononeoftheverylastdays.Shegotupinfrontoftheclass,andtoldhowshehadreadabouteatingdisorders,becausesheherselfhadstruggledwithone.Sinceitwouldhavebeentoodifficultforhertotalktousaboutitdirectly,sheandafriend(whohadalsosufferedfromaneatingdisorder)hadmadeamovie,wheretheyinterviewedeachotherabouttheireatingdisorders,howtheyhadfeltwhiletheywerestrugglingwiththem,andhowtheyhadovercomethem.Bytheendofthepresentation,almosteveryonewasintears.Themostshockingthingaboutthewholepresentationwashowsurprisingitwas.Ineverexpectedthatshewouldhavehadaproblemlikethat.Shealwaysseemedsohappyandconfident;itwashardtopicturehercountingcaloriesbecauseshethoughtshewasn'tgoodenough.Youalsoneverknowwhatkindofimpactyouhavehadonpeople'slives.Thecourageofthegirlbehindmetotalkaboutsomethingsopersonal,andherstrengthtoaskforhelpandovercomeherproblemshaveinspiredme.【语篇解读】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。本文主要讲述了作者班上的一个乐观自信又友好的女孩把自己曾经患有进食障碍并努力克服了障碍的故事告诉了大家，这激励了作者。4．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph1?A．Thewriterwasatwelfthgrader.B．Thewriterlikedobservingpeople.C．Englishwasthewriter'sweaksubject.D．Thewriterhadafewfriendsintheclass.答案与解析：B　考查细节理解。根据第一段最后一句“ButsinceIdidn'tknowanyone,IhadthechancetodosomethingIlovealmostasmuchassocializing—peoplewatching.”可知，作者喜欢观察人。故选B。5．Howdidthewriterfindthegirlfriendly?A．Shesatdirectlybehindthewriter.nB．Sheattemptedtodisturbthewriter.C．Shewasalwayslaughingandtalking.D．Shesaidhellotothewriterinsomeway.答案与解析：D　考查推理判断。由第二段中的“Shewasfriendly,too—shewasoneoftheveryfewpeopleintheclasswhomadeanyattempttoacknowledgeme.”可推知，那个女孩从某种程度上和作者打了招呼，所以作者感觉到女孩是友好的。故选D。6．Whatisthe4thparagraphmainlyabout?A．Thegirl'spresentation.B．Eatingdisorders.C．Asuccessfulinterview.D．Amovingmovie.答案与解析：A　考查段落大意。通读第四段可知，本段主要叙述了在学期最后一个月开展的展示课中，这个女孩展示的内容：女孩通过制作电影的方式告诉大家她是怎样与进食障碍奋力斗争的，女孩的故事几乎感动了每个人。由此可知，第四段讲的是女孩在课上的展示。故选A。7．Whatdidthewriterfinallyrealize?A．Thegirlwasn'tgoodenough.B．Thegirlwasalwayshappyandconfident.C．Ittakeslongtoreallyknowaperson.D．Itiseasytoovercomeone'sproblems.答案与解析：C　考查推理判断。由倒数第二段中的“Ineverexpectedthatshewouldhavehadaproblemlikethat.”可知，作者没有想到她会有进食障碍。由此可推断，作者最终意识到的应是“真正认识一个人要花费很长的时间”。故选C。C[2019·南昌市模拟]OnFebruary6,SpaceX,aprivateUSaerospacecompanyownedbyElonMusk,hassuccessfullylauncheditsnewFalconHeavyspacecraft,makingittheworld'smostpowerfulrocket.FalconHeavyisthelargestrocketsincetheretirementofNASA'sSaturnV，whichwasusedfortheMoonmissionsinthe1970s.“FalconHeavycanlaunchabout64tonnesintolowEarthorbit—that'salmostthreetimesmorethanthecurrentrunningbiggestlaunchvehicle,DeltaIVHeavy，”ImperialCollegeLondonastrophysicistDavidClementstoldA1Jazeera.AccordingtoSpaceX,FalconHeavycanliftintoorbitamassgreaterthana737jetloadedwithpassengers,crew,luggageandfuel.TherocketwasdesignedwiththeideaofcarryinghumansintospaceandopeningthepossibilityofflyingmissionswithpeopletotheMoonandevenMars.nForitsfirstvoyage,itcarriedMusk's$100,000cherryredTeslasportscarandafakespacesuitedhumanmodelfixedinthedriver'sseat.Muskjokedthat“itmaybediscoveredbysomefuturealienrace”．FalconHeavywentintospaceonitstestflightonFebruary6.ThelaunchtookplaceatNASA'sCapeCanaveralAirForceStationandKennedySpaceCenterintheUSstateofFlorida,thespotalsousedfortheApollo11Moonmissionandseveralspaceshuttlelaunches.Itwasdelayedbyseveralhoursbecauseofhighwindsintheupperatmosphere.Minutesaftertakeoff,thetwoouterboosters(助推器)landedatthenearbyCapeCanaveralAirForceStation.SpaceXannouncedplanstoeventuallyuseFalconHeavytolaunchtwopayingspacetouristsonatriparoundtheMoon.However,Musksaidhewillprobablyreservethatmissionforanotherlaunchsystem,theBFR.Recently,SpaceXplannedtolaunchaFalcon9rocketforNASA'sTESSmissiononMarch20,2018.ItisreportedthatSpaceXplannedtocomplete30independentlaunchmissionsin2018,atleasthalfofwhichwilluseFalcon9.【语篇解读】　2月6日，SpaceX公司的宇宙飞船FalconHeavy成功发射，它是当前最大的运载火箭。【长难句分析】　FalconHeavyisthelargestrocketsincetheretirementofNASA'sSaturnV，whichwasusedfortheMoonmissionsinthe1970s.分析：该句为主从复合句。句中whichwasusedfortheMoonmissioninthe1970s为which引导的非限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，指代先行词NASA'sSaturnV。译文：FalconHeavy是20世纪70年代用于月球任务的美国航空航天局的SaturnV退役以来最大的运载火箭。8．Whichofthefollowingcanfunctionasarocket?A．A737jet.B．Tesla.C．SaturnV.D．SpaceX.答案与解析：C　考查细节理解。根据第二段第一句“FalconHeavyisthelargestrocketsincetheretirementofNASA'sSaturnV,whichwasusedfortheMoonmissionsinthe1970s”可知，自20世纪70年代用于月球任务的美国航空航天局的SaturnV退役以来，FalconHeavy是当前最大的运载火箭。据此可知，美国航空航天局的SaturnV是运载火箭，故C项正确。9．WhatdoweknowaboutFalconHeavyfromthetext?A．Itisthelargestrocketintheworld.nB．Itisofthesameloadasa737jet.C．Itistobefoundbythecreaturesintheouterspace.D．ItwaslaunchedatthesameplacefortheApollo11mission.答案与解析：D　考查细节理解。根据第四段第二句“ThelaunchtookplaceatNASA'sCapeCanaveralAirForceStationandKennedySpaceCenterintheUSstateofFlorida,thespotalsousedfortheApollo11Moonmissionandseveralspaceshuttlelaunches”可知，发射地是在美国航空航天局的CapeCanaveralAirForceStation和美国佛罗里达州KennedySpaceCenter，该地也用于阿波罗11号登月任务和几个航天飞机的发射。故D项正确。10．WhatdelayedthelaunchofFalconHeavy?A．Weatherconditions.B．Programerror.C．Equipmentfailure.D．Deliberatedamage.答案与解析：A　考查细节理解。根据第四段第三句“Itwasdelayedbyseveralhoursbecauseofhighwindsintheupperatmosphere”可知，由于高层大气的强风，发射被推迟了几个小时。据此可知，由于气候条件的原因导致发射推迟，故A项正确。11．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．TheBFRwillbecompletedin2018.B．Themissiontolaunchspacetouristsisunknown.C．TouristswillbesentintospacebyFalcon9.D．Falcon9willtake15launchmissions.答案与解析：B　考查推理判断。根据第五段第一、二句“SpaceXannouncedplanstoeventuallyuseFalconHeavytolaunchtwopayingspacetouristsonatriparoundtheMoon.However,Musksaidhewillprobablyreservethatmissionforanotherlaunchsystem,theBFR”可知，SpaceX宣布计划最终使用FalconHeavy搭载两名旅客，围绕月球进行太空旅行。不过Musk表示，这一计划他很可能会保留给另一个发射系统——BFR。据此可以判断，围绕月球进行太空旅行还未知，故B项正确。D[2019·广州综合检测]Scientistshavesolvedthemysteryofwhytheoverwhelmingmajorityofmammothfossils(化石)aremale.Muchlikewildelephantstoday,youngmaleIceAgemammothsprobablytravellednaroundaloneandmoreoftengotthemselvesintoriskysituationswheretheyweresweptintorivers,orfellthroughiceorintomud,lakesorsinkholesthatpreservedtheirbonesforthousandsofyears,scientistssay.Females,ontheotherhand,travelledingroupsledbyanoldermatriarchwhoknewthelandscapeanddirectedhergroupawayfromdanger.“Withoutthebenefitoflivinginaherdledbyanexperiencedfemale,malemammothshadamuchhigherriskofdyinginnaturaltrapssuchasmudholes,rockcracksandlakes，”saidcoauthorLoveDalénoftheSwedishMuseumofNaturalHistoryinareportpublishedonThursdayinthejournalCurrentBiology.Thestudyusedgeneticdatatodeterminethesexof98woollymammothfossilsinSiberia.Researchersfoundthat69%ofthesamplesweremale,aheavilyunbalancedsexratio,assumingthatthesexeswerefairlyevenatbirth.“Wewereverysurprisedbecausetherewasnoreasontoexpectasexbiasinthefossilrecord，”saidfirstauthorPatriciaPecnerova,alsooftheSwedishMuseumofNaturallHistory.Therefore,researchersbelievethatsomethingaboutthewaytheylivedinfluencedthewaytheydied.“Mostbones,tusks,andteethfrommammothsandotherIceAgeanimalshaven'tsurvived，”explainedDalén.“ItishighlylikelythattheremainsthatarefoundinSiberiathesedayshavebeenpreservedbecausetheyhavebeenburied,andthusprotectedfromweathering.”Thesegiant,tuskedplanteatersdisappearedabout4,000yearsago.Whilethereisnoscientificagreementonthecausesoftheirdisappearancefromtheplanet,mostbelievethatclimatechange,excessivehuntingbyhumansandthespreadofotheranimalsintomammothfeedinggroundswereinfluentialfactors.【语篇解读】　本篇文章主要介绍了猛犸象化石大多是雄性以及这种生物从地球上最终消失的原因。【难句分析】　ItishighlylikelythattheremainsthatarefoundinSiberiathesedayshavebeenpreservedbecausetheyhavebeenburied,andthusprotectedfromweathering.分析：本句是一个复合句。第一个that引导主语从句，在从句中不作成分，It作形式主语；第二个that引导定语从句，修饰先行词the。12．Theunderlinedword“matriarch”inParagraph3means________.A．figureheadB．femaleleadernC．experiencedanimalD．maturemammoth答案与解析：B　考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的“Withoutthebenefitoflivinginaherdledbyanexperiencedfemale,malemammothshadamuchhigherriskofdyinginnaturaltraps”可推知，matriarch是指有经验的雌性领导，故选B。13．Whydothemajorityofmammothfossilscomefrommaleanimals?A．Scientistsfinditeasiertostudymalefossilisedbones.B．Thereweremoremalemammothsincomparisontofemales.C．Malemammothswerebetterabletoadapttothechangingcircumstances.D．Malemammothsmorefrequentlydiedinplaceswherefossilscouldform.答案与解析：D　考查推理判断。根据第二段的内容可推知，雄性猛犸象很可能单独出行而非群体活动，因此更容易陷入危险境地而死亡，最后变成化石，故选D。【干扰项分析】　文章中并没有提到科学家们发现雄性化石更容易研究，故A项错误；B项与第五段中的“Researchersfoundthat69%ofthesamplesweremale,aheavilyunbalancedsexratio,assumingthatthesexeswerefairlyevenatbirth”表达的意思不符；文中并未提到雄性猛犸象能够更好地适应变化的环境，故排除C项。14．Whichofthefollowingissuggestedasareasonformammothsdyingout?A．Theincreasingcompetitionforfood.B．Thecoolingoftheearth'stemperature.C．Thedisappearanceofmalemammoths.D．Theriskybehaviourofyoungermammoths.答案与解析：A　考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Whilethereisnoscientificagreementonthecausesoftheirdisappearancefromtheplanet,mostbelievethatclimatechange,excessivehuntinghyhumansandthespreadofotheranimalsintomammothfeedinggroundswereinfluentialfactors”可知，气候变化、人类的过度猎杀、其他动物侵入聚食场都是猛犸象最终消失的重要因素，故选A。15．Whatisthetexttypeofthepassage?A．Anewspaperarticle.B．Anacademicessay.C．Ahistoricaldescription.D．Asciencefictionstory.答案与解析：A　考查推理判断。根据第一段的导入和全文的内容可推知，本文是一篇有关猛犸象化石新研究的新闻报道，故选A。第二节　(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)n根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。[2019·山东省实验中学一模]Thebenefitsoftakingonasummerinternship(实习)oranoverseasinternshipprogramareextensive.Notonlywillyougaintheexperienceyouneedtocarryoutafulltimeposition,butyourconfidencewillimprove.You'llbuildupyourconnections,andyoumayevenlandyourselfajobifyouarereallyimpressive.However,simplyshowingyourfaceeverydayisnotenough.__1__Recordyourexperiencethroughout.Youshouldtakethetimetorecordyourexperiencewhileinterning.__2__Thechoiceisyours.Thisisimportantforselfreflectionandprogression.Itcanalsoserveasacollectionofyourworkexperienceforpotentialemployers.__3__You'renotgoingtobecomeamasterinyourfieldovernight,andalotofinternsmakethemistakeoftryingtodevelopasmanyskillsaspossible.Instead,focusononeortwokeyonesandperfectthem.Askforareferenceletter.Youshouldalwaysseekareferenceletterfromyourinternshipplacement.You'llbeabletouseitwhenyouapplyforajobinthefuture.__4__Haveapositiveattitude.Itisnormaltofeelnervousorevenalittlebitshyduringyourfirstinternship.Afterall,you'retakingastepintotheunknown.__5__Youshouldbeenthusiasticandwillingtotakeonanytaskthatisthrownyourway,nomatterhowdullitmayseem.A．Butitisimportanttobeoptimistic.B．Choose12skillsyouwanttodevelopthemost.C．Youcouldeitherkeepadiaryorwriteregularblogposts.D．Besides,it'llproveyouareagoodcandidatefortheposition.E．You'llmeetkeyindividualsthatcanpotentiallyhelpyourcareer.F．Instead,learntobeprofessionalandstayfocusedonwhatyouwanttodo.G．Youneedtoensureyoumakethemostofyourinternshipifyou'retoexperiencethebenefits.【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了充分利用实习的好处。1．答案与解析：G　根据上文以及空格前的“However,simplyshowingyourfaceeveryndayisnotenough.”可推知，此处表示如果想体验这些好处，你需要确保自己充分利用实习的机会。故选G。2．答案与解析：C　根据空格前的“Youshouldtakethetimetorecordyourexperiencewhileinterning.”以及空格后的“Thechoiceisyours.”可推知，此处表示你可以记日记或定期写微博，来记录自己的实习经历。故选C。3．答案与解析：B　空格处为本段的主旨句。根据本段第二句“Instead,focusononeortwokeyonesandperfectthem.”可知，集中精力于一两个关键问题，并完善它们。由此可推知，此处表示选择你最想发挥的一到两个技能。故选B。4．答案与解析：D　根据空格前的“You'llbeabletouseitwhenyouapplyforajobinthefuture.”可推知，此处介绍了推荐信的好处及用途。D项“除此之外，它还会证明你是这个职位的优秀人选”也是推荐信的用途之一，符合语境。故选D。5．答案与解析：A　根据本段主旨句和空格后的“Youshouldbeenthusiasticandwillingtotakeonanytaskthatisthrownyourway,nomatterhowdullitmayseem.”可推知，乐观很重要。故选A。课时练(二)　英语知识运用板块练——练准度(限时：30分钟)英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节　完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。[2019·甘肃省重点中学联考]Fromanearlyage,Parkeralwayssaidthathewouldbeanastronautwhenhegrewup.Butnomatterhowmuchhestudiedandtooktests,hewasnever__1__toflyinspace.__2__，hegrewoverthemaximumagefortakingtheselectiontests.Inotherwords,hewouldneverbeabletofulfillhis__3__.Thinkingaboutallthetimeand__4__Parkerhadputintotryingtobeanastronaut,peoplefelt__5__forhim.Despitewhathewastoldabouthavingto__6__hisambition,Parkercontinuedtrainingandstudying,__7__hewasgoingtohavetheteststhenextmonth.He__8__ashegotolder,andwhenhewasaveryoldmanheheardthattheyweredoingsomeveryimportant__9__experiments.Forthoseexperimentstheyneededavery__10__astronaut.Parker,whowalkedwitha__11__，wastheonlyoldmaninthewholeworldwhowas__12__toflyinarocket.Therefore,Parkerfoundhimselfflyingin__13__，allwiththehelpofscience.Itwasclearthatthe__14__gainedduringthosemissionshelpedtocureoneoftheworstsicknessesforoldpeople,nandParkerwas__15__asahero.Photosoftheastronautwithawalkingstickandnoteeth__16__allovertheworld,andbecamea__17__ofhowyoucannevertrainorlearntoomuch.Itshowedthat__18__effortalwaysbrings__19__eventhoughitmaynotbeintheformwehadfirst__20__.【语篇解读】　Parker从小立志做一名宇航员，却一直未实现自己的梦想。但他从未放弃希望，一如既往地进行飞行训练。终于在年老时实现了自己的愿望。1．A.noticed　　　　　　　　　　B．selectedC．invitedD．permitted答案与解析：B　根据下文中的“hegrewoverthemaximumagefortakingtheselectiontests”可知，此处指他从来没有被选(selected)去太空飞行。2．A.SecretlyB．SuddenlyC．LuckilyD．Finally答案与解析：D　最后，Parker已经超过了选拔考试的最大年龄。finally“最终，终于”。3．A.dreamB．taskC．needD．belief答案与解析：A　文章开头谈及Parker的梦想，因为他已经超过了选拔考试的最大年龄，所以他永远也无法实现他的梦想(dream)。4．A.reputationB．powerC．effortD．practice答案与解析：C　根据第一段中的“Butnomatterhowmuchhestudiedandtooktests”可知，Parker付出了很多时间和努力(effort)。人们一想到Parker为成为宇航员所付出的时间和努力就为他感到遗憾(sorry)。5．A.happyB．sorryC．nervousD．calm答案与解析：B　参见上题解析。6．A.ignoreB．forgetC．developD．abandon答案与解析：D　尽管有人告诉Parker，他不得不放弃(abandon)他的目标，但他还是继续训练和学习，好像(asif)下个月他要参加测试似的。7．A.sothatB．nowthatC．asifD．eventhough答案与解析：C　参见上题解析。n8．A.carriedonB．tookonC．turnedoffD．gotoff答案与解析：A　Parker继续(学习和训练)。carryon“继续做，坚持干”，符合语境。9．A.electricalB．physicalC．medicalD．political答案与解析：C　根据下文中的“duringthosemissionshelpedtocureoneoftheworstsicknessesforoldpeople”可知，Parker得知他们在太空做医学实验。medical“医疗的”，符合语境。electrical“用电的”；physical“物理学的”；political“政治的”。10．A.sickB．experiencedC．activeD．old答案与解析：D　根据语境可知，他们需要一位年纪大的(old)宇航员。11．A.mapB．stickC．guideD．candle答案与解析：B　根据下文中的“Photosoftheastronautwithawalkingstick”可知，当时Parker走路需要拐杖。awalkingstick“拐杖”。12．A.plannedB．trainedC．forcedD．allowed答案与解析：B　根据上文内容可知，Parker参加训练就是为了能够在太空飞行。故B项符合语境。13．A.silenceB．dangerC．actionD．space答案与解析：D　根据语境可知，此处指Parker参加实验后，发现自己在太空(space)飞行。14．A.knowledgeB．experienceC．moneyD．opportunity答案与解析：A　在那些任务中所获得的知识(knowledge)有助于治愈老人们最严重的疾病之一。15．A.replacedB．educatedC．praisedD．affected答案与解析：C　Parker被人们称赞(praised)为一位英雄。replace“代替”；educate“教育”；affect“影响”。16．A.movedB．flewC．spreadD．took答案与解析：C　这位拄着拐杖且没有牙齿的宇航员的照片在全世界传播(spread)开来。n17．A.symbolB．markC．caseD．doubt答案与解析：A　Parker的照片成了一种象征(symbol)——你再怎么多得去学习和训练都不为过。18．A.desperateB．persistentC．cautiousD．apparent答案与解析：B　这表明坚持不懈的(persistent)努力总会带来回报(reward)。desperate“绝望的”；cautious“小心的”；apparent“显而易见的”。19．A.awardB．prizeC．resultD．reward答案与解析：D　参见上题解析。20．A.expectedB．guessedC．suggestedD．proved答案与解析：A　坚持不懈的努力总会带来回报，尽管它不是我们最初所期待(expected)的那种形式。第二节　(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。[2019·河北衡水中学模拟]DragonHeadsraisingDay,__1__fallseachyearontheseconddayofthesecondlunarmonth,isoneoftheChinesetraditionalfestivals.Astheproverbgoes,“Thedragonisawake,__2__(raise)hishead.”Onthisday,dragons,aprominenttotem(图腾)inChineseculture,raise__3__(they)headswiththesoundofthunder.Aroundthistime,theearth__4__(burst)withlife—grassandtreesarebeginningtoshootup.InancientChina,people__5__(pray)thedragongodbesideariveroralakeforthepreciousspringraintobreedtheircrops.__6__(tradition),foodeatenonthisdaywasrenamedafterpartsofthedragon.Forinstance,wontons(馄饨)werecalled“dragons'eyes”.Thespecial__7__(food)usuallyeatenonthisdayincludedragons'scales,popcornandpigs'heads.InShanxi,peoplegettheirhair__8__(cut)inasymbolicmovetoremovetheoldandembracethenew.In__9__countrysideinHebeiProvince,peoplewouldfetchwaterfromawellatdawn.Itwasbelieved__10__onthisdaythewellwasfullofdragoneggswhichwouldbringthecollectorsgoodharvest.【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国的传统节日——二月二。1．答案与解析：which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词是DragonHeadsraisingnDay，指物，在从句中作主语，所以用which引导该非限制性定语从句，故填which。2．答案与解析：raising　考查非谓语动词。此处应用非谓语动词作伴随状语；动词raise与其逻辑主语Thedragon之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词形式。故填raising。3．答案与解析：their　考查代词。应用形容词性物主代词修饰名词heads，本句的主语dragons是复数名词，所以应用their与之对应。故填their。4．答案与解析：isbursting　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据“Aroundthistime”可知，burst这个动作在此期间正在发生，应用现在进行时；主语theearth是单数，谓语动词应用单三形式。故填isbursting。5．答案与解析：prayed/wouldpray　考查动词的时态。根据“InancientChina”可知，此处指在中国古代发生的事情，应用一般过去时；也可以用wouldpray表示过去习惯性的动作。故填prayed/wouldpray。6．答案与解析：Traditionally　考查词性转换。此处应用副词修饰后面的整个句子。故填Traditionally。注意首字母大写。7．答案与解析：foods　考查名词复数。当food指不同种类的食物时是可数名词。根据本句中的“dragons'scales,popcornandpigs'heads”可知，此处指龙鳞(春饼)、爆米花和猪头这几种不同种类的食物。故填foods。8．答案与解析：cut　考查非谓语动词。此处构成“getsth.done”结构，意为“使某物被做……”。动词cut与theirhair之间是被动关系，应用所给词的过去分词形式。故填cut。9．答案与解析：the　考查冠词。根据后面的“inHebeiProvince”可知，此处特指河北省的农村。10．答案与解析：that　考查名词性从句。此处考查固定句型“Itis/wasbelievedthat...”，其中It作形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语。故填that。课时练(三)　第Ⅱ卷强化增分练——练规范(限时：35分钟)写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节　短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。n[2019·贵阳适应性考试]KnowingfromyourwebsitethatacompetitionforfreelyticketstotheMulanmusicalisbeingheld,Iamwritingapplyforone.ThefollowingcanwellexplainwhyIshoulddeserveit.ShewastoldaboutthestoryofMulanbymygrandpawhenIamonlythreeyearsold.SincethenIhavebeencrazyaboutthebraveordutifulgirl.I'vecollectedandreadover20differentbookversionofMulan,seenalltheMulanmoviesandattendplayperformancestwice.I'vereadifit'sanunbelievableshowwithwonderfulsongs,amazingcostumesandremarkablesets.SoyoucanimaginehowexcitingIamtohearthemusicaliscomingtotown.ThanksfororganizingthecompetitionandIhopeI'llbeoneoftheluckywinners.IfIam,theticketcanbesentitto91RenminRoad.答案：KnowingfromyourwebsitethatacompetitionforfreelticketstotheMulanmusicalisbeingheld,Iamwritingapplyforone.ThefollowingcanwellexplainwhyIshoulddeserveit.ShwastoldaboutthestoryofMulanbymygrandpawhenIaonlythreeyearsold.SincethenIhavebeencrazyaboutthebraveodutifulgirl.I'vecollectedandreadover20differentbookversioofMulan,seenalltheMulanmoviesandattenplayperformancestwice.I'vereadiit'sanunbelievableshowwithwonderfulsongs,amazingcostumesandremarkablesets.SoyoucanimaginehowexcitinIamtohearthemusicaliscomingtotown.ThanksfororganizingthecompetitionandIhopeI'llbeoneoftheluckywinners.IfIam,theticketcanbesentto91RenminRoad.第二节　书面表达(满分25分)[2019·郑州质量预测]假定你是李华，你的加拿大笔友Cindy来信说她想了解你的家乡的情况，请你用英语给她回复，简要介绍你的家乡的地理位置、气候特点、主要物产、著名景点以及近年来的变化等，并邀请她来做客。注意：1．词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3．开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。nDearCindy，________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Bestwishes.LiHua【范文赏读】Dear__Cindy，I'mgladyou'reinterestedinmyhometown,andI'mproudtosharewithyouitsbriefintroduction.①Zhengzhou,locatedinCentralChina,isthecapitalofHenanProvince.②Ithasdistinctseasons,whichbringusbeautifulnaturalsceneryandrichagriculturalproduce,suchasChinesedates,garlicandwatermelons.Asanancientcapitalcity,Zhengzhouhasalonghistory,makingitfullofhistoricalscenicspots,forexampleShaolinTemple.Itiswellknownaroundtheworldforitskungfu.③Inrecentyears,myhometownhasgreatlydeveloped,becomingamodernbusymetropolis,andatradeandtransportationcenter.Welcometomycityandenjoythespeciallocalproduce.Ibelieveyou'llloveit.Best_wishes.Li_Hua【一句多译】①表达方式一：ZhengzhouislocatedinCentralChina,anditisthecapitalofHenanProvince.表达方式二：Zhengzhou,whichislocatedinCentralChina,isthecapitalofHenanProvince.②表达方式一：Ithasdistinctseasons,bringingusbeautifulnaturalsceneryandrichagriculturalproduce,suchasChinesedates,garlicandwatermelons.表达方式二：Withdistinctseasons,itbringsusbeautifulnaturalsceneryandrichagriculturalproduce,suchasChinesedates,garlicandwatermelons.n③表达方式一：Inrecentyears,myhometownhasbeendevelopingrapidly,anditisbecomingamodernbusymetropolisandatradeandtransportationcenteraswell.表达方式二：Inrecentyears,myhometownhasbeendevelopingrapidly,makingitamodernbusymetropolisandatradeandtransportationcenteraswell.