2020版高考英语复习module4sandstormsinasia课时作业（十六）（含解析）外研版

2020版高考英语复习module4sandstormsinasia课时作业（十六）（含解析）外研版

Module4SandstormsinAsia课时作业（十六）建议时间/30分钟Ⅰ.阅读理解A词数:355　话题:废物处理与环境　文体:记叙文Inthefighttoconservetropicalrainforests,here‘satoolyoudon‘toftenhearabout:orangepeels.Specifically,12,000tonsofthem,weredumped(倾倒)ontheland.Youdon‘tusuallyassociatewastetreatmentwithbiodiversitybenefits,somethingthat‘sgoodfortheenvironment.TimTreuerisanecologistatPrincetonUniversityandhe‘stalkingaboutauniqueconservationstory.Itstartedintheearly1990s,whenanorangejuiceproducercalledDelOrosetupacompanyneartheGuanacasteConservationAreainCostaRica,aregionthatcontainsseveralnationalparksandawildlifeprotectionzone.DelOroneededsomewheretodumptheorangepeels,andthecompanyalsoownedforestedlandnexttotheparklandthatithadnointentionofgrowingcropson.Soadealwasstruck:ifDelOrodonateditsforestedland,itcoulddumporangepeelwasteondegraded(退化的)landwithintheconservationarea.Thenathousanddumptrucks‘worthoforangepeelswerelyingonthelandin1998.Andwithinaboutsixmonthstheorangepeelshadbeenturnedfromorangepeelsintothisthickblackrichsoil.“Icouldn‘tevenfindthesitethefirsttimeIsawit.”Hecouldn‘tfinditbecause,over16years,theorangepeelwastehadsentthelandonajourneytobecomeavine-chokedjungle,withthreetimesthediversityoftreespeciesoftheneighbouringcontrolplot,richersoilandamuchthickercovering.Inotherwords,theexperimentwasasuccess.TheresultsappearinthejournalRestorationEcology.Treuersaysperhapsthislessoncouldbeappliedelsewhere.“It‘sashamethatweliveinaworldwithnutrient-limiteddegradedecosystemsandalsonutrient-richwastestreams.We‘dliketoseethosethingscometogetheralittlebit.That‘nsnotlicenceforanyagriculturalcompanytojuststartdumpingtheirwasteproductsonprotectedareas,butitdoesmeanthatlandmanagers,restorationists,peopleinvolvedwithindustrial-scaleagriculturaloperationsshouldstartthinkingaboutwaystodothoughtfulexperimentationtoseeifintheirparticularsystemtheycanhavesimilarwin-win-winresults.”1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“It”inParagraph2referto?A.Wastetreatment.B.Aconservationstory.C.Anorangejuicecompany.D.Thebiodiversitybenefit.2.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutorangepeels?A.Theyareparticularlyhardtobreakdown.B.Theycanchangethecolourofthelandsoil.C.Theyarebeneficialtobiologicaldiversity.D.Theycangraduallydestroythesurfacesoil.3.WhatdoTreuer‘swordsinthelastparagraphsuggest?A.Wastecanbeusedforenvironmentalprotection.B.Nowastecanbethrownrandomlyontheprotectedareas.C.Large-scaleagriculturaloperationsstartwithexperiments.D.Landmanagersmustbereadytotakeontheirresponsibility.4.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.HowtodealwithorangepeelsB.HowtoimprovethedegradedlandC.AfruitfulexperimentinlandconservationD.WaystoprotecttropicalforestseffectivelyB词数:349　话题:降温　文体:说明文nCitiesarelikelytobeaffectedbyoverheating,thankstosomethingcalledtheurbanheatislandeffect.Citiestendtobeshortoftrees,whichprovideshade,andtheyarecoveredwithblackpavement,whichabsorbsheatfromthesun.Thinkofhowitfeelstowearadarkshirtversusawhiteshirtonasunnyday.Ablackshirtabsorbslight,heatingyouup.Butawhiteshirtreflectslight,keepingyoucool.Theaveragetemperatureinacityofamillionormorepeoplecanbemorethan5degreesFhotterthansurroundingareas.Thatextra5degreescanturnahotdayfromuncomfortabletodeadly.Astemperaturesrise,citieswillbeanespeciallydangerousplacetobeduringaheatwave.Toprotectpublichealth,cityofficialsaregoingtomakethecitycooler.Aspartofthateffort,LosAngelesiscoatingitsroadsinCoolSeal,agreypaintthatkeepsstreetsandparkinglots10degreescoolerthanblackasphalt(沥青).ItwillhelpAngelinossavemoneyduringthesummer,whenairconditioningsendspowerbillssoaring.Anditwillsavelivesbyloweringtemperaturesandimprovingairquality.Hotweatherworsensairpollutionbyturningcarexhaustintosmog,whichcanmakelifemiserableforpeoplewithasthma(哮喘)andotherbreathingproblems.Ofcourse,LAwillhavetodomorethanpaintoverafewstreetstocooloffthecity.Angelinoswillalsoneedtoplantmoretreesandapplywhitepainttorooftops—atleastthosenotalreadycoveredinsolarpanels.WhileLAisapioneerofreflectivestreets,othercities,likeNewYork,arealreadyexperimentingwithreflectiveroofsor,likeMelbourne,loweringthetemperaturebyplantingtrees.LAishardlyaloneinitsefforttostaycool.“Thisisanurgentchallenge,andit‘smuchbiggerthanoneperson,”saidMayorGarcettiinarecentstatement.“ClimatechangeisafactoflifethatpeopleinLosAngelesandcitiesaroundtheworldlivewitheveryday.”5.Whichofthefollowingcontributestotheurbanheatislandeffect?A.Plantingmoretreesinthestreets.B.Coveringthestreetswithwhitepaint.C.Applyingreflectivepainttorooftops.D.Furnishingeveryhousewithairconditioners.6.Whatshouldthecityofficialsemphasizeduringhotsummer?A.Howtomakethecitycooler.B.Wheretowearawhiteshirt.C.Whytocoattheroadswithblackpaint.nD.Whentocutofftheelectricitysupply.7.WhatbenefitcanpeoplegainfromtheuseofCoolSeal?A.Increasingtheindooractivities.B.Promotingthesaleofairconditioners.C.Makinglifeeasierandmorecomfortable.D.Reducingthenumberofcolddays.8.What‘sthemainideaofthepassage?A.LAadoptedmanyapproachestofightagainsttheheat.B.LAcallsonpeopletofightagainstglobalwarming.C.Moreandmorecountriesbegintoplanttreesinthestreets.D.LAispaintingitsstreetswhitetokeepthecitycool.Ⅱ.语法填空词数:222　话题:海洋资源　文体:说明文Throughouthistory,peoplehavethoughtoftheoceanasadiverseandlimitlesssourceoffood.Yettodaythereisclearevidencethattheoceanshavealimit.Mostofthebigfishinouroceansarenow9.　　　　(go).Onemajorcauseisoverfishing.Peoplearetakingsomanyfishfromtheseathatmanyspeciescannotreplace10.　　　　(they). Forcenturies,localfishermencaughtonlyenoughfishfortheirownandtheircommunity‘sneeds.However,fromtheearly20thcentury,peoplearoundtheworldbecameinterested11.　　　　consumingprotein-richfoods.Peoplebegan12.　　　　(catch)largequantitiesoffishforprofitandsellingthemtoworldwidemarkets.Inaveryshortperiodoftime,commercialfishing13.　　　　(great)reducedthenumberoflargepredatoryfish,suchascodandtuna. Today,therearestillplentyoffishinthesea,14.　　　　they‘remostlyjustthelittleones.Smallfish,15.　　　　includesardinesandanchovies,havemorethandoubledinnumber—largelybecausetherearenotenoughbigfish16.　　　　(eat)them. Suchlargefish17.　　　　n(be)necessary,becausetheyhuntandkillthesickandweaksmallerfish.Withoutthisweedingout,orsurvivalofthefittest,ecosystemsbecomelessstable.Asaresult,fisharelessabletosurvive18.　　　　(difficult)suchaspollution,environmentalchange,orchangesinthefoodsupply. Ⅲ.短文改错WhatIneverunderstoodinelementaryschoolwashowmydadwouldalwaystellmegoonthebuslast.AtfirstIbelievehemerelywantedmetoberespecttoothersbylettingthemgoonfirst.NowIrealizedhejustwantedtospendasmoretimeaspossiblewithme.Asotherswereboardingabus,myfatherwhispered,“Behaving,son.Iloveyou.”Iresponded,“Dad,Iloveyoutoo.”Ithenwentonthebusandquicklyhurriedintomyusuallyseat.Ilookedatthewindowandsurelymyfather‘shandwasalreadythere.AndIputmyhandinfrontofhim.Eventhoughtherewasaglasswindowbetweenus,butmymindwascalmandfulloflove.课时作业(十六)Ⅰ.A【文章大意】橘汁生产商需要能倾倒橘子皮的地方,一位生态学家与生产商进行了一次交易,若生产商可以捐出一块森林密布的土地,那么他就可以在保护区内的退化区域内倾倒橘子皮。那倒满了营养丰富的有机物质的土地怎么样了?没想到橘子皮废料已经让这片土地变成了爬满藤蔓的丛林。1.B　代词指代题。根据“TimTreuerisanecologistatPrincetonUniversityandhe‘stalkingaboutauniqueconservationstory.Itstartedintheearly1990s…”可知TimTreuer是普林斯顿大学的一位生态学家,他正在讲述一个独特的热带雨林保护故事。故事起源于20世纪90年代初,故选B。2.C　细节理解题。根据“Youdon‘tusuallyassociatewastetreatmentwithbiodiversitybenefits,somethingthat‘sgoodfortheenvironment.(通常人们不会将废物处理与生物多样性益处联系起来,而这种益处对环境有好处)”可知作者认为橘子皮对生态多样性有益处。故选C。3.A　推理判断题。根据“‘…nbutitdoesmeanthatlandmanagers,restorationists,peopleinvolvedwithindustrial-scaleagriculturaloperationsshouldstartthinkingaboutwaystodothoughtfulexperimentationtoseeifintheirparticularsystemtheycanhavesimilarwin-win-winresults.(……不过这的确意味着土地管理者、环境修复者以及参与大规模农业经营的人士,应该开始思考治理方法,进行周密的试验来看看,在这种特殊的系统中,他们是否会取得多赢的结果)”可知Treuer认为废物可以被用于环保,故选A。4.C　主旨大意题。根据“TimTreuerisanecologistatPrincetonUniversityandhe‘stalkingaboutauniqueconservationstory.Itstartedintheearly1990s…”可知本文主要讲述了一个独特的热带雨林保护故事。因此富有成效的保护土地的实验最切合主题,故选C。B【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了洛杉矶采取的环保的降温方法。5.D　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“ItwillhelpAngelinossavemoneyduringthesummer,whenairconditioningsendspowerbillssoaring.”可推知,夏天人们大量使用空调,结合常识可知,空调外机的运行会导致气温上升,从而造成热岛效应,故选D。6.A　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Toprotectpublichealth,cityofficialsaregoingtomakethecitycooler.”可知,为了保护人们的身体健康,在炎热的夏季,城市的官员们应着重考虑如何降低城市的温度,故选A。7.C　细节理解题。根据第三段,尤其是第二句和第三句“ItwillhelpAngelinossavemoneyduringthesummer,whenairconditioningsendspowerbillssoaring.Anditwillsavelivesbyloweringtemperaturesandimprovingairquality.”可知,使用CoolSeal不仅有助于降低温度,而且还能在夏季节省空调的开支和改善空气质量,一举多得,让人们的生活更舒适惬意,故选C。8.D　主旨大意题。根据对全文的整体理解可知,本文主要介绍了洛杉矶为夏季降温而采用的更环保的方法,即除了种植树木之外,还将道路和房顶都漆成白色,故选D。Ⅱ.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,主要对海洋大型鱼类资源枯竭的原因进行了分析。9.gone　考查非谓语动词。gone此处是过去分词作形容词,意为“不复存在的”,在语境中作表语。注意:此处非被动的含义。10.themselves　考查代词。与句子主语manyspecies呼应可知,此处用反身代词复数形式,表示“自我替换,自我循环”的含义。11.in　考查介词。be/becomeinterestedin意为“对……感兴趣”,符合语境,故用介词in。n12.catching　考查非谓语动词。begindoingsth意为“开始做某事”,动名词作宾语,与语境中selling呼应。13.greatly　考查副词。修饰动词的词一般为副词,故用副词greatly修饰动词reduced,在句子中作状语。14.but　考查连词。根据语境可知,上下句表示逻辑上的转折关系,故用连词but。15.which　考查定语从句。which引导非限制性定语从句,在从句中作主语,修饰先行词smallfish。16.toeat　考查非谓语动词。enough…todosth意为“足够……以至于可以……”,此处是动词不定式作状语。17.are　考查主谓一致。与语境中they呼应可知,此处表示复数概念,故谓语用复数are的形式。18.difficulties　考查词性转换。根据语境所列举的各种困难可知,此处用名词的复数形式,即difficulties。Ⅲ.WhatIneverunderstoodinelementaryschoolwashowmydadwouldalwaystellmegoonthebuslast.AtfirstIbelievehemerelywantedmetoberespecttoothersbylettingthemgoonfirst.NowIrealizedhejustwantedtospendasmoretimeaspossiblewithme.Asotherswereboardingabus,myfatherwhispered,“Behaving,son.Iloveyou.”Iresponded,“Dad,Iloveyoutoo.”Ithenwentonthebusandquicklyhurriedintomyusuallyseat.Ilookedatthewindowandsurelymyfather‘shandwasalreadythere.AndIputmyhandinfrontofhim.Eventhoughtherewasaglasswindowbetweenus,butmymindwascalmandfulloflove.