2018版高考英语大一轮复习book7unit1challengingyourselfⅰ教案（含解析）重庆大学版

2018版高考英语大一轮复习book7unit1challengingyourselfⅰ教案（含解析）重庆大学版

Unit1ChallengingYourselfⅠ话题词汇1．earthquaken．地震2．firen．火灾3．floodn．洪水4．burnv．燃烧5．destroyv．破坏6．rescuev．援救7．survivev．幸存8．dieout灭绝9．leadto/contributeto导致10．inharmonywithnature与自然和谐相处话题佳作4月20日，你省某市发生了强烈地震，造成很大损失，学校号召全体师生向灾区捐款。请你拟一份发言稿，在学校捐款动员大会上使用。发言稿主要内容应包括：1．对灾区情况的简单介绍(包括地震发生的时间、地点、造成的财产和人员损失等)；2．捐款的意义(帮助灾区人民渡过难关、帮助灾区重建)；3．如何捐款(自愿、多少不限、以班级为单位，收齐后交到学校红十字会)。佳作欣赏Dearteachersandstudents，Asweallknow，aterribleearthquakehappenedinacityofourprovinceonApril20，inwhichmanybuildingsweredestroyedandmanypeoplewereinjured.Inordertohelptheearthquakevictimstogothroughthehardtimesandrebuildtheirhometown，theschoolhascalledoneveryoneinourschool，includingbothteachersandstudents，todonatemoneytotheearthquakestrickenarea.Thisdonationisvoluntary.Youcangiveawayhowevermuchyouwantto.ThemoneywillbecollectedbyeachclassbeforeitishandedtotheRedCrossSocietyofourschool.nWehopethateveryonewillbekindenoughtodowhatyoucantohelpourfellowmenoutofthedifficulty.Thankyou.名师点睛这篇发言稿思路清晰、语言准确。在行文过程中较多地运用了高级句式，如第一段中含有两个定语从句；第二段中的however引导的宾语从句、before引导的时间状语从句等。同时像gothrough，callonsb.todo...，giveaway，bekindenoughtodo，outofthedifficulty等高级词汇的运用也使文章添彩。Ⅰ.写作必记单词1．shockn．震动；撞击；震惊2．directvt.对准；指路；adj.直接的；坦率的3．anxiousadj.焦虑的；担忧的4．replyvi.回答5．defeatvt.击败，战胜6．reliableadj.可信赖的；可依赖的；可靠的relyvi.依靠；信赖7．rescuevt.营救；救援8．releasen．释放；放松9．sufficientadj.足够的，充足的10．injurevt.伤害，使受伤；损害11．sicknessn．疾病，呕吐sickadj.有病的；恶心的；n.病人12．foldvt.包，折叠，交叉；拥抱；n.褶层，褶痕13．scarcelyadv.几乎不，简直不14．thoughtfuladj.深思的，体贴的thoughtn．思想；思考nthinkv．想；认为15．considerateadj.体贴的；体谅的16．revealvt./vi.显出，露出；揭示，透露17．fleevi.逃走，逃掉；vt.逃离，避开，逃避Ⅱ.阅读识记单词18．chiefn．首领；长官；adj.主要的；总的19．explosionn．爆炸，爆发20．outgoingadj.友好的；外向的；将卸任的；离开的21．scepticaladj.怀疑的22．operationn．操作；经营23．massn．团，块，堆，大量24．disappearancen．不见，消失25．peacefullyadv.平静地；安宁地peacefuladj.平静的；和平的peacen．和平；安静26．healvt./vi.治愈；(使)康复，复原27．existvi.存在，生存28．meltvi.熔化；溶解29．boilvi.沸腾，开；vt.煮沸，烹煮30．historiann．历史学家31．frighteningadj.令人恐惧的，令人害怕的frightenedadj.受惊的frightenvt.使惊恐；吓唬；vi.害怕；惊恐frightn．惊吓语境活用　[用所给词的正确形式填空]1．Addamshelpedthepoorandworkedforpeace(peaceful)．(2016·全国Ⅰ)2．Otherairbreathinganimalsalsosufferthisdecompression(减压)sickness(sick)iftheysurfacetoofast.3．Thatyoungmanishonest，cooperative，alwaystherewhenyouneedhishelp.Inshort，nhe’sreliable(rely)．4．Readersalsotendedtosharearticlesthatwereexcitingorfunny，orthatinspirednegativefeelingslikeangeroranxiety(anxious)．(2016·全国Ⅲ)5．Amazingly，sheearnedrespectfromherstudents，allofwhomlatergrewtobeconfident，considerate(consider)andwellbehaved.6．Itwasbothexcitingandfrightening(frighten)tobeupthere！(2016·浙江)7．Astonishingly，theTremontHotelstayedopenduringtheentireoperation(operate)，andmanyofitsguestsdidn’tevennoticeanythingwashappening.(2015·湖南)8．Silencesmaybethoughtful(think)，ortheymaybeemptywhenapersonhasnothingtosay.(2016·全国Ⅰ)1．besupposedtodo被期望或要求；应该2．makeapromise答应，许诺3．showup露出，露面，出现4．pullsb.off...把某人从……拉走5．drawback缩回，后退；收回(诺言等)6．upto多大……，直至……7．soonafter不久后8．withthepurposeof为了……9．carefor深深地爱，非常喜欢；照顾，照料10．believein相信11．beresponsiblefor对……负责12．getout出去；(秘密)泄露，传出13．burstthrough推开，拨开，冲开14．shootup上冒，喷出；猛跳；高耸；涨价15．pourout(使)流出，(使)涌出；倾诉；倾吐16．burstout突然喷出/发生；突然……起来17．cometolife苏醒过来，开始有生气n语境活用　[运用上述短语完成片段]Iever1.madeapromise(承诺)thatIwouldvisitmygrandmothereverymonth，forshecaredformeand2.believedin(相信)me.However，almostoneyearIdidn’t3.showup(露面)becauseI4.wasresponsiblefor(对……负责)animportantsecrettask.Allofsudden，mymothercalledmeupandsaidthatmygrandmotherwasbadlysick.Hearingthenews，Ifeltworriedandquicklywentback.AssoonasIarrivedatherhouse，shesuddenly5.cametolife(苏醒)and6.burstout(突然……起来)cryingwhenshesawme.1．onlytodosth.Inthemidstofutterdevastationandchaos，afatherlefthiswifesafelyathomeandrushedtotheschoolwherehissonwassupposedtobe，onlytodiscoverthatthebuildingwasasflatasapancake.在一片废墟和混乱之中，一位父亲把他的妻子留在家里安顿好后，朝他儿子就读的学校冲去，却发现学校已被夷为平地。仿写　放学后我们去阅览室读书，结果被告知阅览室正在装修。Afterschoolwewenttothereadingroomtodosomereading，onlytobetoldthatitwasbeingdecorated.2．so...that...Itwassostrangeandnewthatnooneknewwhattodo.这是那么的奇怪和新鲜，没人知道该做什么。仿写　正如我们能看到的，培养一种好习惯是如此重要以至于我想介绍一种好的学习习惯——每天坚持记学习日记。Aswecansee，cultivatingagoodhabitissoimportantthatIwouldliketointroduceonekindofgoodlearninghabit—keepingalearningdiaryeveryday.3．Thereisnoneedtodo...Andifyoureallytry，you’llfindthere’snoneedtocry.如果你真的努力过，你会发觉不必哭泣。仿写　如果我们待在家里，那会很舒适而且还不需要花钱。(2016·全国Ⅱ)nIfwestayathome，itiscomfortableandthereisnoneedtospendmoney.anxiousadj.焦虑的；不安的；渴望的(1)Accordingtothetext，themicefedwithdaytimemilkweremoreanxious.根据文章，老鼠喝了白天挤的牛奶会更焦虑。(2016·四川)(2)Heisanxiousabouthersafety.他担心她的安全。(3)Wewaitedwithanxietyforourexaminationresults.我们焦急地等待着考试结果。(1)beanxiousfor/about担心……beanxioustodo...渴望做……beanxious＋从句，从句中常用虚拟语气(should＋)do(2)anxietyn．担心；焦虑；渴望withanxiety焦急地(1)anxiety表示抽象意义的“忧虑”、“焦急”时，为不可数名词；表示具体意义的“焦虑”或“担心的事”时，则为可数名词。(2)anxiety表示想得到某物或想做某事，其后通常跟不定式或“for＋名词”作定语。基础知识训练——[单句语法填空](1)Afterlisteningtohisadviceshehadnomoreanxieties(anxious)．(2)Hisanxietytogo(go)wasobvious.(3)Thisnewsmadeheranxiousabout/forthesafetyofhersonwhowasworkinginthefloodarea.(4)Hewasanxiousthatthey(should)have(have)alltheywant.n写作能力提升——[句式升级](5)Shelookedathersickchildandwasveryanxious.(用形容词短语作状语改写)Shelookedathersickchild，veryanxious.releasen．释放；放松；免除；公开，发布vt.释放；发射；让与；允许发表(1)Shewenttothegovernortobegforherson’srelease.她去恳求州长释放她儿子。(朗文词典)(2)ThismoviewillbereleasedtotheEuropeancountriesnextmonth.这部电影定于下月在欧洲发行。releasefrom从……释放；免除,releaseto向……发行基础知识训练——[单句语法填空](1)Youcanbereleased(release)fromprisonearlyforgoodbehavior.(2)It’ssaidthathehasalreadybeenreleasedfromduty.写作能力提升——[同义句改写](3)Hisnewbookwhichwillbereleasednextweekisabouthisexperienceinthevillage.(用不定式作定语改写)Hisnewbooktobereleasednextweekisabouthisexperienceinthevillage.existvi.存在，生存(1)Ifitweren’tforRachelCarson，theenvironmentalmovementmightnotexisttoday.如果没有蕾切尔·卡逊的话，环保运动今天可能就不存在。(2016·全国Ⅰ)(2)Similarproblemsexistinothercountriesaswell.类似的问题在其他国家也存在。(1)existin存在于……之中existon靠……为生nThereexists/existed...某地有……；存在……(2)existencen．存在；生存comeintoexistence产生；成立；开始存在inexistence存在(3)existingadj.目前的，现存的基础知识训练——[单句语法填空](1)Thereexistsagoodwaytosolvetheexisting(exist)problemingeography.(2)ThisistheoldestHebrewmanuscriptinexistence(exist)．写作能力提升——[完成句子](3)你知道这种机器人是什么时候问世的吗？Doyouknowwhenthiskindofrobotcameintoexistence?(4)某位哲学家认为，存在的任何事物都是合理的。Accordingtosomephilosopher，everythinginexistenceisreasonable.(5)他们要靠这一点收入生活是不可能的。Itwasimpossibleforthemtoexistonsuchasmallincome.(1)exist只用作不及物动词，因此没有被动语态，且通常不用于进行时。(2)Thereexist...表示“存在……”“有……”，there不能换成it。besupposedtodo被期望或要求；应该(1)Theyaresupposedtoobeythepersonofahigherrank.他们应该服从高一级别的人。(2014·浙江)(2)Shewassupposedtohavealreadyleftforhome.大家以为她已经动身回家。(3)—CanIlendyousomemoney?—Isupposeso.n——要我借给你一些钱吗？——我想是的。besupposedtohavedone...本该做……(但实际上未做)supposev.猜想；假设；假定；认为supposesb./sth.tobe...认为某人(物)……,suppose/supposing(that)引导条件状语从句，相当于if，表示“如果，假设”，主句常为疑问句。Isupposeso.我想是这样，我看是。基础知识训练——[单句语法填空](1)Supposing/Suppose(suppose)shedoesn’tcome，whatshallwedo?(2)Themessageisveryimportant，soitissupposedtobesent(send)assoonaspossible.(3)—You’resupposedtohaveattended(attend)yesterday’smeeting.—Sorry，Ihadanaccident.写作能力提升——[完成句子](4)Isupposedhimtobeaboutforty.(同义句改写)Isupposedthathewasaboutforty.(5)Isupposethatheisquiteinspiritsatyoursuccess，isn’the?(完成反意疑问句)reliableadj.可信赖的；可依赖的；可靠的基础知识训练——[单句语法填空](1)Wehavetorelyonhimtomakethedesign.(2)Tomisanhonestandreliable(rely)student.写作能力提升——[同义句改写]n(3)Youmayrelyonhiscomingontime.①Youmayrelyonhimtocomeontime.(用不定式改写)②Youmayrelyonitthathewillcomeontime.(用含有it作形式宾语的复合句改写)relyon/upon依靠；依赖relyon...todo/doing...依赖……做……relyonitthat...指望……；相信……rescuev./n.营救；拯救[单句语法填空](1)Allthevisitorswererescuedfromtheburninghostelandthetwoinjuredweresavedbydoctorsfromanearbyhospital.(2)Aftergettinglostinastorm，amemberofthenavyteamwasrescued(rescue)fourdayslater.(3)Wewereabouttoclosedownthebusiness，butthebankcametoourrescuewithahugeloan.rescuesb./sth.fromsth.从……中营救……go/cometoone’srescue去/来救某人rescueworkers救援人员injurev.损害；伤害；损坏(名誉)；伤害(感情)[单句语法填空](1)Thedriverofthecarreceivedseriousinjuries(injure)tothelegsandarms.(2)Theyoungwomanenteredthepoolwhereaninjured(injure)dolphinwasswimming.(3)Sheinjured(injure)herselfwhileskatinglastweek.(4)Abottleofacidflewintothestreets，injuring(injure)24people.(5)Theinjuredwere(be)senttothehospitalatonceaftertheaccident.(1)injuredadj.受伤的ntheinjured伤者(2)injuryn．伤口；伤害frighteningadj.令人恐惧的；吓人的[单句语法填空](1)Hefrightenedtheoldladyintosigningthepaper.(2)Hethreatenedthestrangerswithagunandfrightenedthemoff/away.(3)They’refrightenedoflosingpower.(4)Shewasfrightenedtoride(ride)abikealone.[用frighten的正确形式填空](5)Helookedsofrighteningandthekidswerereallyscaredofhim.(6)Heoftenusesthatfrighteninglooktofrightenthem.(7)Thoughbadlyfrightened，thegirlremainedcalm.frightened指“感到害怕的”；frightening指“令人害怕的”。fleevt./vi.(fled，fled)逃避，逃跑；迅速离开基础知识训练——[选词填空]　(1)TouristsfleefromCentralAmericainSeptemberbecausethat’swhentherainsareattheirfiercest.(2)Themanescapedintothemountaintoavoidthewar.写作能力提升——[完成句子](3)司机逃离了事故现场，留下女孩在人行道上流血。Thedriverfledthesceneoftheaccident，leavingthegirltobleedonthesidewalk.flee侧重指仓促急速逃走，着重指动作本身；escape侧重指逃脱追捕或阻拦，重在结果。nwith/forthepurposeof为了……；怀着……的目的[单句语法填空](1)Didyoudothatonpurpose?(2)Hewenttherefor/withthepurposeofmakingbusinesscontacts.[单句改错](3)Heisthoughttohavedoneitpurpose.Andifyoureallytry，you’llfindthere’snoneedtocry.如果你真的努力过，你会发觉不必哭泣。(1)Thereisnoneedtotellmeyouranswernow.Giveitsomethoughtandthenletmeknow.你不必现在告诉我你的答案。想一想，然后再告诉我。(2015·安徽)(2)Thereisnopointinarguingwithhimfurther.再和他争吵也没有什么意义。(3)Thereisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.覆水难收。Thereisnoneedtodo...做……是没必要的。Thereisnohopeofdoing...做……是没希望的。Thereisnopossibilitythat...做……是不可能的。Thereisnosense(in)doing...做……是没有道理或好处的。Thereisnopoint(in)doing...做……是没意义的。There/Itisnousedoing...做……是没用的。Itisnogooddoing...做……是没好处的。基础知识训练——[单句语法填空](1)Thereisnoneedtogo(go)soearly.n(2)Thereisnosenseincriticizing(criticize)him.(3)It’snogoodhoping(hope)forothers’help.写作能力提升——[英汉互译](4)你的焦虑是不必要的。There’snoneedforyoutobeanxious.(5)他们没有可能在选举中获胜。Thereisnopossibilitythattheywillwinintheelection.(6)There’snohopeofimprovinghiscondition.他的处境没有改善的希望。Ⅰ.教材与语法填空Unit1AhugeearthquakehappenedandalmostflattenedAmerica.Afatherlefthiswife1.safely(safe)athomeandthenrushedtotheschool2.wherehissonwassupposedtobe.Hefoundtheschoolbuildingwasasflat3.asapancake.Hefelthopeless，butherememberedhispromise4.tohisson.Herushedtotheplaceofhisson’sclassroomandbegantodigthroughthe5.ruins(ruin)．Manyparentsarrived,6.clutching(clutch)theirhearts.Manypeopletried7.topull(pull)himofftheschool’sruins,8.including(include)thefirechiefandthepolice.Butthefatheronly9.responded(respond)withoneline，“Areyougoingtohelpmenow？”Hedugfor38hours.Fortunatelyhepulledback10.alargestoneandheardhisson’svoice.Unit2In1945，thefirstatomicbombwasdroppedonHiroshima.Afewweekslater，peopletherebegan1.dying(die)fromasickness.Sadakowasn’tburnedor2.injured(injure)，andwasanormaln，happy，twelveyearoldgirluntilonedayshefeltextremelytiredanddizzyafterarelayrace.Thedizzinesskept3.coming(come)backandonemorningshefelldownandjustlayonthegroundforawhile.Peopletookhertohospital.Shehadleukaemia，akindofcancerof4.theblood.Atthattime，quiteafewchildrenwhogotthediseasedied，soSadakowasvery5.scared(scare)．Shedidn’twanttodie.HerbestfriendtoldSadako6.thatifasickpersonfoldsathousandcranes，thepersonwillgetwell.Sadakodecidedtofold1,000cranes.Sheactuallyfoldedherthousandcranes,7.butshedidn’tgetanybetter.Shedidn’tgetangryorgiveup，andshedecidedtofold8.more(many)cranes.Everyonewasamazedatherbraveryand9.patience(patient)．On25October1955，Sadakodied.Herfriendsformedaclubandbeganaskingmoneyforamonumentforher.On5May1958，themonumentcalledtheChildren’sPeaceMonumentwasbuiltinthePeaceParkright10.wheretheatomicbombwasdropped.Ⅱ.教材与短文改错Unit1Attwominutestonoonon1Septemberin1923，thegreatclockinTokyostopped.TokyoBayshookasifahugerughadpulledfromunderit.Toweredabovethebay，the4,000meterMountFujistoodabovethedeeptrenchinthesea.Itwasfromthistrenchwhattheearthquakecame，atamagnitudeof8.3ontheRichterscale.Theseadrewbackforafewmoment.Then，ahugewavesweptupthecity.Boatswerecarryinginland，andbuildingsandpeopleweredraggedouttosea.Thetremblingoftheearthtookawaypartofahillside，thatgaveway，brushingtrains，stationsorbodiesintothewaterbelow.答案Attwominutestonoonon1Septemberin1923，thegreatclockinTokyostopped.TokyoBayshookasifahugerughadpulledfromunderit.nabovethebay，the4,000meterMountFujistoodabovedeeptrenchinthesea.Itwasfromthistrenchtheearthquakecame，atamagnitudeof8.3ontheRichterscale.Theseadrewbackforafew.Then，ahugewavesweptthecity.Boatswereinland，andbuildingsandpeopleweredraggedouttosea.Thetremblingoftheearthtookawaypartofahillside，gaveway，brushingtrains，stationsbodiesintothewaterbelow.Unit2Allthewaythroughtheseventhgrade，Sadakoisanormal，happy，twelveyearoldgirlgoingtoaregularschoolandstudyingandplayinglikeeveryoneelse.Onedayafteranimportantrelayraceshefeltextremetiredanddizzy.Afterawhileshefeltgood，butshethoughtthatshewassotiredbecauseoftherace.Overthenextfewweekshetriedtoforgetaboutit，butthedizzinesskeptcomingback，especiallythatshewasrunning.Shedidn’ttellanyoneit，notevenChizuko，herthebestfriend.Finally，onemorning，shefelldownandjustliedonthegroundforawhile.ThenpeopletookhertotheRedCrosshospitaltoseewherethematterwas.Sadakohadleukaemia，akindofcanceroftheblood.答案Allthewaythroughtheseventhgrade，Sadakoanormal，happy，twelveyearoldgirlgoingtoaregularschoolandstudyingandplayinglikeeveryoneelse.Onedayafteranimportantrelayraceshefelttiredanddizzy.Afterawhileshefelt，shethoughtthatshewassotiredbecauseoftherace.Overthenextfewshetriedtoforgetaboutit，butthedizzinesskeptcomingback，especiallyshewasrunning.Shedidn’ttellanyoneit，notevenChizuko，nherthebestfriend.Finally，onemorning，shefelldownandjustonthegroundforawhile.ThenpeopletookhertotheRedCrosshospitaltoseethematterwas.Sadakohadleukaemia，akindofcanceroftheblood.Ⅲ.教材与话题微写作写作素材(关于自然灾害)1．在四川省曾经发生过一次严重的地震；2．这次地震是令人难以忘记的；3．听到相当多的人在地震中死去，我感到震惊；4．我认为活着的人应该重建他们的家园。提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用besupposedtodo，定语从句等高级词汇和句式。连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)AseriousearthquakeoncebrokeoutinSichuanProvince，whichwasunforgettable.Iwasshockedtohearthatquiteafewpeoplediedduringtheearthquake.Ithinkthelivingaresupposedtorebuildtheirhomes.Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．HavingababyinherunmarriedstatewouldhavebroughtshameonthefamilyinChina，sosheprobablykeptmyexistence(exist)asecret.(2014·江苏)2．Herhusbandwaswithher，buttherewasbloodeverywhereandthewomanwasembarrassedandclearlyinshock.(2014·福建)3．Ihavehundredsofprinterpaper，covered(cover)inselfwrittennotesfromyourvideos.(2016·北京)4．Iwouldspendanhourortwoonthejob,onlytofind(find)theareatrashedalloveragainweekslater.5．Anursewhounderstandsthehealing(heal)valueofsilencecanusethisunderstandingtoassistinthecareofpatientsfromtheirownandfromothercultures.(2016·全国Ⅰ)n6．Noisepollutionisresponsibleforlotsofbirdsfleeing(flee)toquieterareas.7．Thecoolingwindsweptthroughourbedroomwindows,making(make)airconditioningunnecessary.(2016·天津)8．Shewassojoyousthatevenontheworstdays，shecouldmakemesmile.(2015·浙江)9．Ididn’tbecomeaseriousclimberuntilthefifthgrade，whenIwentuptorescue(rescue)akitethatwasstuckinthebranchesofatree.(2014·浙江)10．Larrytoldherthathehadalreadyputoutthefireandsheshouldnotmoveincasesheinjured(injure)herneck.(2016·全国Ⅰ)Ⅱ.阅读理解(2017·贵州铜仁一中月考)ScientistsaroundtheworldhavebeenstudyingthewarmingofwatersinthePacificOceanknownasElNiño.TheappearanceofElNiñoisknowntoaffecttheweatheraroundtheworld.Scientistsstilldonotcompletelyunderstandit.Yettheynowfindtheycanuseittotellaboutthefutureindifferentareasoftheworld.OneexampleistheworkoftwoscientistsatColumbiaUniversityinNewYork，MarkCaneandGordonEshel.AscientistofZimbabwe(津巴布韦)，RogerBucklandworkedwiththem.TheyhavefoundthatwhenElNiñoappears，Zimbabwehaslittleornorain.ThismeanscorncropsinZimbabwearepoor.ThelastElNiñowasin1991to1993.ThatwaswhensoutheasternAfricasufferedaseriouslackofrain.ThescientistswroteabouttheirrecentworkinthepublicationNature.TheircomputerprogramcantellwhenanElNiñowilldevelopuptoayearbeforeitdoes.TheysuggestthatthiscouldprovideaneffectiveearlywarningsystemforsouthernAfrica，andcouldpreventmanypeoplefromstarving.语篇解读　文章介绍了对厄尔尼诺现象的研究以及采取相应的措施来应对。科学家们一直在研究厄尔尼诺现象。太平洋的部分水域变暖导致气候的变化，虽然不能完全理解，但是可以运用这方面的知识预测世界上不同地区的未来，把这一现象引起的灾难减少到最小。11．ElNiñoisknownas.A．thechangingoftheweatherinsouthernAfricaB．theweatherwhichbringsdrought(旱灾)toAfricaC．thewarmingofwatersinthePacificOceanD．theweatherphenomenonthatbringsheavyrainstoAfrica答案　C解析　细节理解题。根据文章第一句话可知，厄尔尼诺现象是太平洋的水域变暖。所以选C。12．ScientistsstudyElNiñoinorderthat.nA．theycanputallthisinformationintotheircomputersB．theycantellwhyZimbabwehaslittleornorainC．theycandosomeresearchworkinthisfieldD．theycanprovideakindofearlywarningtotheplacethatwillsufferfromstarving答案　D解析　细节理解题。根据文章最后一句话可知，研究的目的是早想良策预防挨饿情况的发生。选D。13．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．ScientistscometounderstandhowElNiñoappears.B．ThreescientistsfromtheUSAworkonthissubject.C．ElNiñohassomethingtodowithZimbabwe’spoorcrops.D．SouthernAfricasufferedaseriousdroughtandmanypeoplediedfromhunger.答案　C解析　推理判断题。根据第二段第三、四句“TheyhavefoundthatwhenElNiñoappears，Zimbabwehaslittleornorain.ThismeanscorncropsinZimbabwearepoor.”可知，厄尔尼诺和津巴布韦的农业欠收有关系。选C。Ⅲ.七选五(2017·贵州铜仁一中月考)HowtoFindthePerfectCareerToomanypeoplearenotsatisfiedwiththeirprofessionalcareer(事业)andare“stuck”insituationsthatdonotmakethemhappy.Herearesomewonderfulactionsyoucantaketobeginthepathtoatrulyhappycareer.▲Talktoyourfriends.Askthem，“whatdoyouthinkIambestat”，or“whatdoyouthinkIenjoydoingmost”．14However，theiradvicemayhelpyoudecidewhatyoushoulddo.▲15Readsomeinterestingmagazines，books，newspapersornovels.Theywillgiveyouaconstantflowofideasandkeepthemindrich.▲Talktothehappiestandmostsuccessfulpeopleyouknow.16Beseriouswithyourquestions.Andseeifthereisanythingyoucanlearnfromthem.Havethesepeoplebecomeyourteachersandfriends.▲Keepajournal(日记)．Writingdownyourideasisanimportantpracticeforyourcareergrowth.17nYouneverknowwhengreatideaswillcometoyourmind!▲Developpatience.Youmaywantachangeinyourcareerrightnow.18Anyway，doingthepracticesmentionedabovewillbringabouttherightchancemuchfaster.A．Readaswidelyaspossible.B．Thismayseemlikeastrangeconversationatfirst.C．Askthemhowtheyrealizedtheirdreams.D．Changingcareerscanbeverydifficult.E．Talktoyourfamilymembers.F．Butitisnecessarytobepatientandwaitfortherightchancetocome.G．Carryinganotebookwithyouatalltimesisalsoagreatidea.语篇解读　如何找到完美的职业？本文将给出几点建议。14．答案　B解析　根据上句：问他们“你认为我最擅长什么”或者“你认为我最喜欢什么”，可知下句要表达的应该是：起初这好像是一个奇怪的谈话。故选B。15．答案　A解析　此处是一个小标题，根据下文的意思可知，是在鼓励人们要读一些有趣的杂志、书、报纸或小说。故A项符合题意。16．答案　C解析　根据下文：认真对待你的问题。看是否能从他们身上学到一些东西。可知上句的意思应该是：问他们是怎样实现梦想的。故选C。17．答案　G解析　根据上句：写下你的想法是你职业成长的一个重要的实践。可知你要随身携带笔记本，随时记下你的一些想法。故选G。18．答案　F解析　目前你可能想在事业上改变一下自己。但是要有耐心，等待时机。故选F。Ⅳ.完形填空(2017·江西泰和中学月考)Teachingischallengingandteachingcollegeisoftenamixedbag.Sometimesmyclassfeelsmorelikeacafeteria，wherestudentscomeandgo，19inthemiddleofmylectures.Mostlythesestudentshaveenteredcollegerightoutofhighschool.Collegeseemstothemlike20acontinuationofhighschool，21thesenseofnewnessthatoftendrivescuriosityandachievement.Butthereisacategoryofstudentsthatgiveseveryonereasonsfor22n.Theyarethesocalled“nontraditionalstudents”：thosewho，foronereasonor23，didn’tgotocollegewhentheywere18，butmanyyearslater.Someyearsbackinmyteaching，whilecallingoutnamesfromthenamelistonthefirstday，Inoticedagrayhairedwomanofabout70.Shewaswanderinginthedoorway，24hernewbookslikeaschoolgirl.“I’mnotonthenamelist，”shevolunteered.“ButIwas25ifIcouldsitinforthefirstclass，toseewhatmarine(海洋)biologyisabout.”Thiswoman’seagerness26me，soIinvitedhertohaveaseat.Ibegantheclasswithquestionstogeta(n)27ofhowmuchknowledgetheywerebringingtothecourse.AsIquestionedthemaboutthedifferencebetweenfishesandseagoingmammals，mostofmynewstudentsremained28.ButNatalie，theolderwoman，wasontheedgeofherseat，29answers.Attheendoftheclass，shecameuptomeandapologizedforbeingthe“extra”student.Shesaid，“Willyou30meanotherchance？”31atlosingher，Iactedquicklytoremoveher32.“I’llseeyounextclass，”Isaid.Natalieturnedouttobeavitaland33student.Shecommuted50mileseachdaytogettoschool，oftenintheseverewinter，andnevermissedaclass.34this，shewasenthusiasticabouthelpingmyyoungerstudents.Apparentlytheseolderstudentshavethe35overthem.Itliesinthebroadthanddepthoftheirpathoflife.Afterhaving36numerouspersonalandprofessionalbarriers，theyhaveanexpansiveworldview.37areturntoschoolmay，atfirst，befrighteningforthem，theytendtomakeitbecausetheyare38greattroubletoputtheirstudiesintoanalreadyfulllife.语篇解读　本文属于夹叙夹议文。作者是一名大学老师，他发现很多大学生对学习没有热情。而他遇到的一个老太太反而回到学校，勤奋地学习，这让作者很感慨。19．A.oftenB．seldomC．neverD．hardly答案　A解析　句意为：有时候，我的课堂像一个咖啡馆，在我上课期间，学生经常来了又走。often经常。故选A。20．A.morethanB．otherthanC．ratherthanD．nomorethan答案　D解析　根据上文“Mostlythesestudentshaveenteredcollegerightoutofhighschool.”可知，很多学生都刚刚从高中出来，所以对他们来说大学只是(nomorethann)高中生活的延续。故选D。21．A.creatingB．lackingC．involvingD．inspiring答案　B解析　句意为：大学缺乏可以让他们好奇和努力的新鲜感。lack缺少。故选B。22．A.angerB．desperationC．hopeD．pity答案　C解析　根据下文“Theyarethesocalled‘nontraditionalstudents’”可知，有一些学生给每个人希望的理由。hope希望。故选C。23．A.anotherB．othersC．theotherD．none答案　A解析　句意为：他们因为一个原因或另外一个原因在18岁的时候没有上学。one...oranother为固定搭配，意为“一个……另一个”。故选A。24．A.bringingB．buyingC．holdingD．fetching答案　C解析　句意为：她在门口徘徊，向女学生一样抱着新书。hold抱，拿着。故选C。25．A.hopingB．wonderingC．thinkingD．expecting答案　B解析　句意为：我想知道我第一节课是否可以坐在这里，看看海洋生物学是关于什么的。wonder想知道。故选B。26．A.impressedB．embarrassedC．puzzledD．amused答案　A解析　根据下文“soIinvitedhertohaveaseat”可知，此处指她给我留下了深刻印象(impress)。故选A。27．A.planB．senseC．conceptD．idea答案　D解析　句意为：我在上课前提出了一些问题，来了解他们对课程知道多少。getanideaof了解。故选D。n28．A.enthusiasticB．silentC．interestedD．calm答案　B解析　根据下文“ButNatalie，theolderwoman，wasontheedgeofherseat，answers.”可知，大部分学生保持了沉默(silent)。故选B。29．A.askingB．repeatingC．rejectingD．volunteering答案　D解析　句意为：但是Natalie，那个老太太自愿回答问题。volunteer自愿。故选D。30．A.offerB．makeC．learnD．introduce答案　A解析　根据下文“I’llseeyounextclass.”可知，此处应指Natalie请求作者再给她提供(offer)一次机会，让她可以听课。故选A。31．A.RelievedB．RelaxedC．AlarmedD．Annoyed答案　C解析　根据下文“Iactedquickly...‘I’llseeyounextclass，’Isaid.”可知，作者害怕(alarmed)失去她。故选C。32．A.concernB．curiosityC．attentionD．concentration答案　A解析　根据上文中Natalie向作者道歉可知，作者是为了消除她的担心(concern)。故选A。33．A.diligentB．humorousC．intelligentD．openminded答案　A解析　根据下文“Shecommuted50mileseachdaytogettoschool”可知，Natalie是个勤奋的(diligent)学生。故选A。34．A.RegardlessofB．ButforC．ExceptD．Apartfrom答案　D解析　句意为：除此之外，她还很热心地帮助年轻的学生。apartfrom除了。故选D。35．A.abilityB．experienceC．advantageD．beliefn答案　C解析　根据下一句“Itliesinthebroadthanddepthoftheirpathoflife.”可知，年老的学生比年轻的学生有优势(advantage)。故选C。36．A.gotoverB．gotacrossC．gotawayfromD．gotthrough答案　A解析　句意为：在克服很多个人和专业的障碍之后，他们有更豁达的世界观。getover克服。故选A。37．A.UnlessB．UntilC．WhenD．While答案　D解析　句意为：虽然回到学校一开始会让他们害怕，但是他们往往会成功。while然而。故选D。38．A.demandingB．takingC．sparingD．escaping答案　B解析　句意为：因为他们会不辞辛劳地将学习放在已经充实的生活中，他们往往会成功。takegreattroubletodo...不辞辛劳地做……。故选B。