2018_2019学年高中英语module3foreignfood课下能力提升十一含解析外研版

2018_2019学年高中英语module3foreignfood课下能力提升十一含解析外研版

课下能力提升(十一)Ⅰ.根据提示写出单词的正确形式1．Theseflowersarenotnatural,buttheartificial(人造的)oneslookmorebeautifulandcanlastlong.2．Theweatherwasbadandthefoodwasdreadful.Altogether(总的来说),theholidaywasverydisappointing.3．Thecurrenttrend(趋势)istowardsmoreparttimeemployment.4．Wemusttaketheconsequences(后果)ofourowndeed.5．Villagerssaidthefence(栅栏)wouldrestrictpublicaccesstothehills.6．Weareaimedtomakeeveryconsumer(consume)satisfiedwithourservice.7．Andafterthat,youcancasually(casual)mentiontheproblem.8．Gradually(gradual),thechildrenbegantounderstandit.9．Whatleadstothetransformation(transform)ofoneeconomicsystemtoanother?10．Thereisabundant(abundance)evidencethatcanprovehehasaconnectionwiththemurder.Ⅱ.选词填空inshort，setfireto，asarule，onthedot，bynature，transform...into，bebasedon，fallinlovewith1.Threeyearslater,theoldtrainstationwastransformed_intoafamoussciencemuseum.2．As_a_rule,_youshouldbringsomeflowerstothehostessifyougotosomeone'shomeforthefirsttime.3．Agroupofrioters(暴徒)set_fire_toawholerowofstoreslastnight.4．Susanandthehandsomesoldierfell_in_love_witheachotherthefirsttimetheymet.5．Tonyiscuriousby_natureandalwaysaskedquestionsabouteverything.6．Martinarrivedatthecoffeeshopatsixo'clockon_the_dot,_butsomeofhiscolleaguesarrivedlate.7．Mymotheriskindhearted,generousandfriendly.In_short,_sheisaperfectwomaninmyeyes.8．Thestoryis_based_onhistoricalfacts.Ⅲ.完成句子1．每天我步行去上学而不是骑自行车。EverydayIwenttoschoolnot_by_bike_but_on_foot.2．你不管做什么事，都必须做好。Whatever_you_do,_youmustdoitwell.3．众所周知，这个地区矿产资源很丰富。Asweallknow,theregionis_abundant_inmineralresources.4．对你不了解的事情不要妄加评论，不然的话，你会被嘲笑的。Don'tmake_remarks/a_remark_on/aboutwhatyoudon'tknow,oryou'llbelaughedat.5．由于你违反了规定，我不得不惩罚你。In_consequence_of/As_a_consequence_ofyourdisobeyingtherules,Ihavetopunishyou.Ⅳ.完形填空Doyouknowhowdisciplinecanhelpyouachieveyourgoals?Doyouknowthatdisciplineisimportantto__1__？Whatisthepowerofdiscipline?Howtobecomedisciplined?Youmightthinkthatmanypeoplearenotselfdisciplined,__2__I'mgoingtonprovetoyouthatpeopleingeneralaredisciplined,but__3__，innonbeneficialways.Therearemanypeoplewhosmokedaily__4__thefactthatitisharmfuland__5__anditcouldkillthem.Suchpeoplearedisciplinedat__6__cigarettesandsmoking.Therearepeoplewhoaredisciplinedatdrinkinglotsofalcoholdaily.Suchpeoplearedisciplinedatconsumingalcohol.Doyou__7__whereIamgoingwiththis?Oneofmyfriendswhohasa__8__forrunningspendshalfanhoureverysinglemorningrunning.Whetheritissnowingorraining,shehastorun.Thisisthekindof__9__disciplinethatyouaresupposedto__10__andcreateinyourlife.Doyouknowsomeonewhoboughtabook,butdidn'tfinish__11__itforsomereason?Doyouknowsomeonewhodecidedtoimprovehis__12__andstarteatingmorevegetablesandfruit,butaftertwoweeks,he__13__？Theseareallexamplesof__14__ofdiscipline.Ifyouarenotdisciplined,thenyouwillhaveahardtimetogetyour__15__.AsImentionedinmybookTheultimateguidetoachievingyourgoalsthatyoucouldknowwhatyouwant,__16__，andtakeaction,butifyouarenotselfdisciplined,youwill__17__giveup.Withdiscipline,youcanstartgettingupearlyinthemorning,exercise,and__18__yourselfofthenonbeneficialhabitssuchassmokingandeatingnonhealthyfood.Withdiscipline,youcanchangenegativehabitstopositivehabits.Withdiscipline,youcanjointhegymandstartworkingonhavinga__19__body.Doyouseewhatthe__20__ofdisciplinecando?AlwaysrememberwhatJimRohnsaid,“Onedisciplinealwaysleadstoanotherdiscipline.”语篇解读：自制力能够帮助我们实现目标并取得成功。本文主要讲述了自制的力量及其对人们的影响，作者呼吁人们加强自律，改掉恶习，培养健康向上的生活习惯。1.A.wealth　　　　　　　　B．successC．fortuneD．health解析：选B　根据上文的“howdisciplinecanhelpyouachieveyourgoals”可知，你知道自律对于成功的重要性吗？success意为“成功”；wealth意为“财富”；fortune意为“财富，运气”；health意为“健康”。2.A.forB．andC．orD．but解析：选D　你也许认为很多人不自律，但是我要向你证明的是人们一般是有自律性的。根据句意可知，上下文之间为转折关系，故选项D符合题意。but意为“但是”；for意为“因为”；and意为“和”；or意为“或者”。3．A.unfortunatelyB．unwillinglyC．unnecessarilyD．unexpectedly解析：选A　根据下文的“manypeoplewhosmokedaily”以及“peoplewhoaredisciplinedatdrinkinglotsofalcoholdaily”可知，但不幸的是，人们的纪律性表现在了有害的方面。unfortunately意为“不幸地，遗憾地”；unwillingly意为“不愿意地，不情愿地”；unnecessarily意为“没必要地，不需要地”；unexpectedly意为“意外地，出人意料地”。4．A.besidesB．despiteC．exceptD．without解析：选B　尽管吸烟有害是一个事实，但是有很多人每天都吸烟。根据句意可知上下文之间为转折关系，故选项B符合题意。despite意为“尽管，虽然”；besides意为“除了……还有……”；except意为“除了……之外”；without意为“没有，缺乏”。5．A.courageousB．disgustingC．dangerousD．forbidden解析：选C　根据上文的“thefactthatitisharmful”以及下文的“itcouldkillnthem”可知，吸烟是有害和危险的。dangerous意为“危险的，有危害的”；courageous意为“勇敢的，无畏的”；disgusting意为“令人厌恶的，令人反感的”；forbidden意为“被禁止的”。6．A.sellingB．buyingC．gettingD．consuming解析：选D　根据下文的“Suchpeoplearedisciplinedatconsumingalcohol”可知，这些人在消耗烟草和吸烟方面是自律的。consume意为“消耗，消费”；sell意为“卖，出售”；buy意为“购买”；get意为“得到，获得”。7．A.careB．seeC．feelD．mind解析：选B　你明白我说这些要表达什么意思吗？see意为“明白，领会”；care意为“关心，在乎”；feel意为“感觉，感到”；mind意为“介意”。8．A.passionB．giftC．respectD．reason解析：选A　根据下文的“Whetheritissnowingorraining,shehastorun”可知，我有一个酷爱跑步的朋友，每天早晨跑步半小时。passion意为“酷爱，激情”；gift意为“天赋，礼物”；respect意为“尊重，尊敬”；reason意为“原因，理由”。9．A.formalB．positiveC．negativeD．religious解析：选B　我有个朋友酷爱跑步，每天早晨跑步半小时，这是一种积极的自律。positive意为“积极的，肯定的”；formal意为“正式的”；negative意为“消极的，否定的”；religious意为“宗教的”。10．A.formB．learnC．followD．believe解析：选C　这是一种你应该在你的生活中遵循和创造的自律。follow意为“遵循”；form意为“形成”；learn意为“学习”；believe意为“相信”。11．A.readingB．recitingC．analyzingD．reviewing解析：选A　你知道有人买了一本书，但是因为某种原因没有读完吗？read意为“阅读”；recite意为“背诵”；analyze意为“分析”；review意为“审查，评论，复习”。12．A.serviceB．dietC．skillD．performance解析：选B　根据下文的“starteatingmorevegetablesandfruit”可知，有人决定改善自己的饮食。diet意为“饮食”；service意为“服务”；skill意为“技巧”；performance意为“表现，演出”。13．A.brokedownB．turnedupC．gaveupD．setout解析：选C　但是两周后，他就放弃了。giveup意为“放弃”；breakdown意为“失败；出故障；感情失控”；turnup意为“出现，露面”；setout意为“出发，启程”。14．A.lackB．gestureC．signD．symbol解析：选A　这些都是缺乏自律的例子。lack意为“缺乏，不足”；gesture意为“手势，姿势”；sign意为“符号，标牌，迹象”；symbol意为“象征”。15．A.attentionB．orderC．creditD．desire解析：选D　如果你没有自律性，那么你将难以实现你的愿望。desire意为“愿望，渴望”；attention意为“注意，专注”；order意为“命令，顺序”；credit意为“信用，赞扬”。16．A.planB．listenC．askD．hopen解析：选A　正如我在我的《实现你的目标终极指南》的书中所提到的，你能知道你想要的，做好计划并采取行动。plan意为“计划”；listen意为“听”；ask意为“问”；hope意为“希望”。17．A.obviouslyB．practicallyC．likelyD．quickly解析：选C　但是如果你没有自律性，你将可能放弃。likely意为“可能”；obviously意为“显然地”；practically意为“实际上”；quickly意为“快速地”。18．A.persuadeB．informC．deliverD．break解析：选D　有自律性，你能够每天早上早起、锻炼，你能把自己身上像吸烟和吃不健康食物的坏习惯改掉。break意为“戒除，摆脱，打破”；persuade意为“劝说，说服”；inform意为“通知，告知”；deliver意为“递送，运送”。19．A.healthierB．weakerC．heavierD．clumsier解析：选A　有自律性，你能进入体育馆，开始为有一个更健康的身体而努力。healthy意为“健康的”；weak意为“虚弱的”；heavy意为“重的”；clumsy意为“笨拙的”。20．A.demandB．powerC．principleD．measure解析：选B　根据上文的“Whatisthepowerofdiscipline”可知，你明白自律的力量能做什么了吗？power意为“力量”；demand意为“要求”；principle意为“原理，原则”；measure意为“措施”。Ⅴ.阅读理解AThereareplentyofgoodreasonstobuyorganicproduce,butnutritionmaynotbeoneofthem,suggestsanewstudy,whichfoundnodifferenceinantioxidant(抗氧化剂)levelsbetweenorganicallyandconventionally(常规地)grownonions,carrots,andpotatoes.Thestudyonlylookedatthreetypesofvegetablesandjustafewselectnutrients.Buttheexperimentwaspartofabiggerprojectthatwassosystematicandstrictlycontrolledthatthefindingslikelyapplytoothercrops,too.“Givingpreferencetoorganicproductsbecausetheycontainmorebioactivecomponentsisdoubtfulandnotsupportedbyscientificevidence，”Knuthsensaid.“Still,therearemanygoodreasonsfortheconsumertoselectorganicfoodproducts,includingabsenceofpesticideresidues(农药残留)infoods,animalwelfare,andenvironmentalprotections.”Argumentoverwhetherorganicproduceismorenutritiousthanconventionalvarietieshasbeenaroundforatleastadecade,saidJeffreyBlumberg,directoroftheAntioxidantsResearchLaboratoryatTuftsUniversityinBoston.“Somestudieshavesuggestedthatorganicallygrownplantscontainhigherlevelsofhealthfulantioxidants.Possiblybecausesomeantioxidantsactasnaturalfungicides(杀真菌剂),pesticidesandinsecticides，”hesaid.“Theideaisthat,withouthelpfromindustrialchemicals,plantsonorganicfarmsneedtoworkhardertoprotectthemselves.Theyendupbecomingmorenutritiousasaresult.”Butplentyofotherstudieshaveshownnosuchrelationship.“Iunderstandthatorganicfarmerswouldlovetobeabletosaythattheirsaresuperfruitsandsupervegetablesbecausetherearehigheramountsofthesecompoundsinthem，”Blumbergsaid.“Ifyouwanttobuythembecauseyouthinkthey'resaferfortheplanettogrowthingsthatway,orbecauseyouthinkpesticidesarebadforyouoryourfamily,oryoulikethattheycomefromashorterdistanceaway,that'sgreat.”“Butifyouwanttobuythembecausethey'remorenutritious,you'reconfused,nandwedon'tknowifthat'strueornot.”语篇解读：一项新研究表明，购买有机食品的理由有很多，但可能营养不是其中之一。这项研究发现，在普通环境和有机环境中生长的洋葱、胡萝卜和土豆中的抗氧化剂水平没有什么区别。有的人认为有机食品含有更多的生物活性物质而偏爱有机食品，这种做法很值得怀疑，而且也无法得到科学证据的支持。1．Thenewstudyprovesthat________.A．thereareplentyofgoodreasonstobuyorganicproduceB．nutritionisoneofthegoodreasonstobuyorganicproduceC．someorganicallyandconventionallygrownfoodshavethesameantioxidantlevelsD．organicproduceisharmfultoourhealth解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段可知，这项研究发现，在普通环境和有机环境中生长的洋葱、胡萝卜和土豆中的抗氧化剂水平没有区别。购买有机产品的理由有很多，但可能营养不是其中之一。A项不是研究发现的内容。2．Whydopeoplepreferorganicproducts?A．Becausetheythinkorganicproductshavenobioactivecomponents.B．Becausescientificevidencesupportsorganicproductscanmakethemstronger.C．Becauseit'sprovedthatorganicproduceismorenutritiousthanconventionalvarieties.D．Becausetheythinkorganicfoodproductshavenoharmfulthings.解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第三段可知，对于消费者来说，仍然有很多选择有机食品的好理由，包括没有杀虫剂残留、利于保护动物和环境等等。由此可推断出D项是正确的。3．Thefourthparagraphmainlytellsus________.A．it'sunclearwhetherorganicproduceismorenutritiousthanconventionalvarietiesB．organicallygrownplantscontainhigherlevelsofhealthfulantioxidantsC．plantsonorganicfarmsneedtoworkhardertoprotectthemselvesD．plentyofotherstudieshaveshownnosuchrelationship解析：选A　段落大意题。本段第一句话为主题句，关于有机食品是否比普通食品更有营养的争论已经持续了至少十年了，但现在的研究仍然无法证明这一点。其他三个选项只是其中部分内容。4．WhichisNOTthereasonforyoutobuyorganicproductsaccordingtoBlumberg?A．Therearehigheramountsofhealthfulantioxidantsinthem.B．They'resaferfortheplanettogrowthingsorganically.C．Pesticidesarebadforyouoryourfamily.D．Theyaremorenutritious.解析：选D　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，布隆伯格认为：要是你购买这些有机食品的原因是它们更有营养，那你就被迷惑了，而且我们也不知道这是否是真的。由此可判断出D项不应该是购买有机食品的原因。其他三个选项在倒数第二段都是布隆伯格认可的原因。BArecentStanfordstudyfoundthatAmerica'sstudentsareshockinglybadattellingfactfromfictioninthisdigitalage.It'sapparentthatsomethinghastochangeinthenation'sclassrooms.Thatsomething,accordingtoProfessorSamWineburg,oneofthoseStanfordresearchers,is“practice.”“Howdotheybecomepreparedtomakethechoicesaboutwhattobelieve,whattoforward,whattoposttotheirfriends，”WineburgaskedonNPR'sAllThingsConsidered,“whenteachersgivenopracticetothem？”PatriciaHunt,anexperiencedteacheratWakefieldHighSchoolinArlington,Va.,isdoingsomethingshehasneverdonebefore:helpingtopilotanew,digitalcoursecalledthecheckologyvirtualclassroom.ItcomesfromthenonprofitTheNewsnLiteracyProject.Hunt'sstudents,mostofthemseniors,workinthreesorfours.They'representedwithaseriesofstoriesthatarerapidlyandbroadlyspreadviatheInternet.Somearefalseinformation.Someareads.Andsomearepurefact.“Wedon'tknowwhichiswhichatthispoint，”laughsstudentKahderSmith.“Weactuallyhavetositdown,takeourtime,andactuallyreadthem.AndprobablyGooglesomestufftoseeifit'srealornot.”Apostclaimsthatmorethanadozenpeoplediedafterreceivingthefluvaccine(疫苗)inItalyandthattheCDC(CentersforDiseaseControl)isnowtellingpeoplenottogetaflushot.“Imean,I'veheardmanyunconfirmedreportsthattheflushot'sbadforyou，”studentAutumnCoopersays.Butinstinct(直觉)tellsherthestory'swrong.“Itjustdoesn'tlooklikeareliablesource.ItlookslikethisisoffFacebookandsomeonesharedit.”Cooperlabelsthestory“fiction”.Andshe'sright.Insteadofteachingstudentsthefundamentalsoffactchecking,manyschoolssimplyignoretheproblem,blockingsocialmediasitesonschoolcomputers.“It'sliketeachingstudentstodriveintheparkinglotandthensendingthemoutonthehighwayandsaying‘Goodluck！’”saysAudreyChurch,presidentoftheAmericanAssociationofSchoolLibrarians.语篇解读：本文是议论文。美国的一些学校开设了教学生如何鉴别网络消息真假的课程，很多专家学者表示赞同。5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inParagraph2referto?A．Stanfordresearchers.　　B．Mediapeople.C．Students.D．Teachers.解析：选C　代词指代题。根据第一段中的“America'sstudentsareshockinglybadattellingfactfromfictioninthisdigitalage”可知，在电子时代，美国的学生缺乏辨别真假消息的能力，由此可推测，这里是问“这些学生”怎样才能做好准备选择相信、传递、发布哪些消息呢？另外，根据第二段末的“whenteachersgivenopracticetothem”也可推测，这里的they指的是学生。6．HowdoesHuntrunthedigitalcourse?A．Byinvitingexpertstogivestudentslectures.B．ByaskingstudentstogoontheInternettogether.C．Bytakingstudentstoanewsorganizationregularly.D．Bylettingstudentsidentifyfactualinformationingroups.解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第四、五段内容可知，Hunt让她的学生三四人一组鉴别真假消息。7．AccordingtoChurch,whatshouldschoolsdo?A．Helpstudentsimprovedrivingskills.B．Teachstudentshowtospotfalsenews.C．Allowstudentstodriveonthehighway.D．Askstudentstoavoidusingsocialmedia.解析：选B　推理判断题。根据最后两段内容可知，Church认为学校屏蔽社交媒体的做法就像是在停车场教会学生们开车后让他们直接上高速，这样做无疑风险很大。由此可推测他反对学校屏蔽社交媒体的做法，而是希望学校能够教孩子们如何识别假新闻。8．Whatdoesthetextmainlydiscuss?A．ThefindingsofarecentStanfordstudy.B．Aneducationalissueinthedigitalage.C．Theinfluenceofawidelyspreadpost.D．Anexperiencedhighschoolteacher.解析：选B　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文讨论了在电子时代，老师如何帮助学生们学会鉴别网络消息的真假，这是一个教育问题