小学英语一到六年级知识点大全

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小学英语一到六年级知识点大全

小学英语一到六年级知识点大全 ‎ 1.现在进行时 ‎  表示正在发生的事情或进行的动作,常与now,listen,look等词连用,结构是主语+be动词(am, is, are)+动词ing.‎ ‎  如:It is raining now. 外面正在下雨 ‎  It is six o’clock now. 现在6点了 ‎  My parents are reading newspapers in the sitting room.‎ ‎  我父母正在客厅看报纸 ‎  Look! The children are having a running race now. 看!孩子们正在赛跑 ‎  问句将be动词移前,否定句在be动词后+not.‎ ‎  2.一般现在时 ‎  表示经常反复发生的事情或动作,常与often, usually, sometimes, always, every day(week year…) on Sundays等词连用。‎ ‎  结构是主语+动词原形;当主语为第三人称单数即he,she, it, Tom, my mother, the boy等词时,动词后加s或es.‎ ‎  如:We have an English lesson every day. 我们每天都要上英语课 ‎  Do the boys run faster than the girls? Yes, they do. 男孩比女孩跑的快吗?是的 ‎  问句借助于do, does,否定句借助于don’t, doesn’t,后面动词一定要还原。‎ ‎  3.一般过去时 ‎  表示发生在过去的事情或存在的状态,常与just now; a moment ago; … ago; yesterday; last ( week; month; year; Monday; weekend); this morning等词连用。‎ 结构是主语+be动词的过去式(was; were)或主语+动词的过去式。‎ ‎  注意:be动词与动词过去式不可同时使用。‎ ‎  如:My earphones were on the ground just now. 我的耳机刚刚还在呢。‎ ‎  Where were you last week? I was at a camp. 你上个星期去哪了?我去野营了 ‎  What did you do yesterday? I visited a farm。 你昨天去干嘛了?我去参观农场了。‎ ‎  问句有be动词将be动词移前,没有be动词借助于did,后面动词还原;‎ ‎  否定句有be动词在后面加not,没有借助于didn't后面动词还原。‎ ‎  4.一般将来时 ‎  表示将要打算发生的事情或动作,常与tomorrow, next week(year; Tuesday…), this week( weekend ;evening; afternoon;…)today等词连用。结构是主语+be(am, is, are) going to + 动原或主语+will +动原。‎ ‎  如:What are you going to do tomorrow? I am going to have a picnic.‎ ‎  你明天要去干嘛?我要去野餐。‎ ‎  The childre are going to have a sports meeting next week.‎ ‎  孩子们下个星期将参加运动会。‎ ‎  Tom will/is going to see a play with his father this evening.‎ ‎  Tom今晚将和父母去看演出。‎ ‎  问句将be动词或will移前;否定句在be动词或will后加not.‎ ‎  5.情态动词 ‎  can; can’t; should; shouldn’t; must; may后一定加动词原形。‎ ‎  如:The girl can’t swim, but he can skate. 女孩不会游泳,但是会滑冰 ‎  Don’t talk in class, you should listen to the teacher carefully.‎ ‎  不要再课上说话,你应该认真听老师讲。‎ ‎  6.祈使句 ‎  肯定祈使句以动词原形开头;否定祈使句以don’t加动词原形开头。‎ ‎  如:Open the box for me ,please. 请为我打开盒子。‎ ‎  Liu Tao! Please get up earlier tomorrow. 刘涛,明天请早点起床!‎ ‎  Don’t walk on the grass! 不要在草地上走!‎ ‎  Helen! Don’t climb the tree,please. 海伦!不要爬树。‎ ‎  7.go的用法 ‎  去干嘛用go +动词ing 如: go swimming; go fishing; go skating; go camping; go running; ‎ go skiing; go rowing…‎ ‎  8.比较 than 前用比较级; as…as之间用原级。‎ ‎  如:My mother is two years younger than my father. 我妈比我爸年轻两岁。‎ ‎  Liu Tao jumps as far as Ben. 刘涛跳得和本一样远。‎ ‎  9.喜欢做某事 ‎  用like +动词ing或like+ to + 动原。‎ ‎  如: Su Yang likes growing flowers. 苏阳喜欢种花。‎ ‎  The children like to play with lanterns at Spring Festival.‎ ‎  孩子们喜欢在春节去玩花灯。‎ ‎  10.想要做某事 ‎  用 would like +to+动原或want + to +动原。‎ ‎  例:I’d like to visit the History Museum.=I want to visit the ‎History‎ ‎Museum ‎  11.Some,any ‎  Some用于肯定句中,在否定句和问句中改为any,但当表示委婉语气时仍用 ‎  如:Can I have some writing paper? Would you like some orange juice?‎ ‎  12.代词 ‎  (1)人称代词主格做主语用,一般放在句首或动词前,主格分别是 I, you, he ,she ,it ,we, you ,they。‎ ‎  (2)宾格做宾语用,一般放在动词或介词后 ‎  如:Open them for me. Let us …, join me等。‎ ‎  宾格分别是me,you ,him, her, it, us, you, them。‎ ‎ (3) 形容词性物主代词放在名词前,不能单独使用,分别是my, your ,his ,her, its, our, your, their ‎  (4)名词性物主代词相当于形容词加名词,它只能单独使用,后面不能加名词,分别是mine, yours, his ,hers ,its ,ours ,yours, theirs。‎ ‎  13.介词 ‎  介词后要么不加动词,加动词只能加动词ing形式 ‎  如:be good at running; do well in jumping;‎ ‎  14.时间介词 ‎  季节前,月份前用介词in 如:in summer;in March ‎  具体的哪一天如星期几,几月几日用介词on ‎  如:on Saturday; on the second of April; on Wednesday morning ‎  在几点钟前用介词at ‎  如: at a quarter to four;‎ ‎  只在上下午晚上用in ‎  如:in the morning/ afternoon/ evening;‎ ‎  但在夜间用at night。‎ ‎  另:季节,月份和星期前不能加the.‎ ‎  15.名词复数构成的方法 有规则的有:‎ ‎  (1)直接在名词后加s ‎  如orange—oranges; photo—photos;‎ ‎  (2) 以x, s, sh, ch 结尾的加es ‎  如:box—boxes; glass—glasses; waitress—waitresses; watch—watches;peach--peaches ‎  (3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加es ‎  如:study—studies;library—libraries; hobby—hobbies; family—families;‎ ‎  (4)以f, fe结尾的改f, fe 为v+es如:knife—knives; thief—thieves(注:以o结尾的我们学过的只有mango加es, mango—mangoes其余加s,)‎ ‎  不规则的有:‎ ‎  man—men; woman—women; people—people; child—children ‎  16.动词第三人称单数的构成 ‎  (1)直接在动词后加s ‎  如:run—runs; dance—dances ‎  (2)以s,sh,ch,o结尾的加es ‎  如:do—does;go—goes;wash—washes;catch—catches ‎  (3)以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加es ‎  如:study—studies; carry—carries;‎ ‎  17.现在分词的构成 ‎  (1)直接在动词后加ing ‎  如:sing—singing; ski—skiing;‎ ‎  (2)双写词尾加ing ‎  如:swim—swimming; jog—jogging;run—running;‎ ‎  (3)以不发音的e结尾的去e加ing ‎  如:ride—riding; dance—dancing; make—making;‎ ‎  18.规则动词过去式的构成 ‎  (1)直接在动词后加ed ‎  如:clean—cleaned; milk—milked; play—played;‎ ‎  (2)以e结尾的直接加d ‎  如:dance—danced; taste—tasted;‎ ‎  (3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加ed ‎  如:study—studied;carry—carried;‎ ‎  (4)双写词尾加ed ‎  如:stop—stopped; jog—jogged;‎ ‎  过去式不规则的有:am,is—was; are—were; do,does—did; have,has—had; go—went; meet—met; sit—sat; see—saw; get—got; tell—told; run—ran; come—came; steal—stole; read—read;‎ ‎  19.形容词副词比较级的构成 ‎  规则的:‎ ‎  (1)直接在形容词或副词后加er ‎  如;small—smaller; low—lower;‎ ‎  (2)以e结尾的加r ‎  如:late—larer;‎ ‎  (3)双写词尾加er ‎  如:big—bigger; thin—thinner; fat—fatter;‎ ‎  (4) 以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加er 如:heavy—heavier; early—earlier;‎ ‎  不规则的有:‎ ‎  good, well—better(最高级为best); many, much--- more(最高级为most);‎ ‎  far---farther;‎ ‎  20.rain与snow的用法 ‎  (1)作为名词意思是雨水和雪是不可数名词 ‎  如:There is a lot of rain there in spring. 那儿的春天有很多雨水。‎ ‎  (2) 作为动词意思是下雨和下雪,有四种形式分别是:‎ ‎  动词原形rain, snow;‎ ‎  第三人称单数rains ,snows;‎ ‎  现在分词raining; snowing ‎  过去式rained; snowed;‎ ‎  如:①Look! It is raining now. 瞧!天正在下雨。‎ ‎  ②It often rains in Nantong in summer.南通夏天经常下雨。‎ ‎  ③ It rained yesterday.昨天下了雨。‎ ‎  ④It is going to rain tomorrow. 明天要下雨。‎ ‎  (3)形容词为rainy 和snowy 意思是有雨的和有雪的 ‎  如:It is often rainy here in spring.这儿的春天经常是有雨的。‎ ‎  If it is rainy tomorrow, I’ll stay at home.如果明天是有雨的,我将呆在家里。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 21.比较级 ‎  注意只有同类事物才可进行比较。‎ ‎  如:My eyes are bigger than hers.Your school bag is heavier than mine. My computer is nicer than Nancy’s. My brother is stronger than me.‎ ‎  22.have, has ‎  表示某人有(has用于第三人称单数);There is/ are;‎ ‎  There was/ were 表示某地存在有 ‎  注意There be 句型的就近原则 ‎  单数或不可数用there is /was; 复数用there are/ were.‎ ‎  23.本身就是复数的词 ‎  眼镜glasses; 耳机earphones; 鞋shoes;裤子trousers等词本身是复数。‎ ‎  如:My glasses were on the chair just now.‎ ‎  但如果表示这双,这副,一双的时候用单数 如:There is a pair of chopsticks on the plate. This pair of earphones is for you.‎ ‎  24.五个元音字母:Aa, Ee, Ii, Oo, Uu;25一个的用法 ‎  a用于辅音前不是辅音字母前;an 用于元音前不是元音字母前。‎ ‎  如:There is an ’s’, a ‘t’, a ‘u’, a ‘d’ ,an ‘e’, an ‘n’,and a ‘t’ in the word ‘student’.‎ ‎  26.时间表示法 ‎  有两种:‎ ‎  (1)直接读时钟和分钟。‎ ‎  如6:10读成 six ten; 7:30读成seven thirty; 8:45读成eight forty-five;‎ ‎  (2)用to与past表示。‎ ‎  在半小时包括半小时以内用几分past几点 ‎  如:6:10读成ten past six; 7:30读成half past seven;‎ ‎  过了半小时用下一个钟点差几分 ‎  如7:45读成a quarter to eight; 9:50读成ten to ten;‎ ‎  27.基数词变序数词的方法 ‎  基变序有规律,结尾加上th; 一二三特殊例,结尾字母t、d(即first, second, third);‎ ‎  八去t, 九去e, ve要用f替(即eigh—eighth; nine—ninth; five-- fifth ;twelve—twelfth);‎ ‎  ty改y为ie后加th别忘记(即整十数如twenty—twentieth;forty—fortieth);‎ ‎  几十几十位为基个位为序(如第二十一为twenty-first)。‎ ‎  另外强调序数词前一定要加the。‎ ‎  28.日期的表示法 ‎  用the+序数词+ of +月 ‎  如:三月三日 the third of March;‎ ‎  12月25日 the 25th of December.‎ ‎  29.both 表示两者都 ‎  如:My parents are both teachers.‎ ‎  all表示三者以上都 ‎  如:The students are all very excited.‎ ‎  30.节日的表示法 ‎  有day的节日前用on.‎ ‎  没有day的节日前用at,‎ ‎  如:at Christmas; on Christmas Day; at New Year; on New Year’s Day.‎ ‎  31.激动兴奋的 ‎  excited表示激动的,兴奋地主语是人;‎ ‎  exciting表示令人激动的,令人兴奋的主语是事情 ‎  如:The running race is very exciting, so all the students are very excited.‎ ‎  赛跑非常令人激动,因此所有的学生都很激动。‎ ‎  32.比较 ‎  两者比较用比较级,三者以上比较用最高级 ‎  如:Who runs faster, the boy or the girl? The boy does ‎  谁跑得更快,男孩还是女孩?男孩。‎ ‎  Which season do you like best? I like autumn best.‎ ‎  你最喜欢哪个季节?我最喜欢秋天。‎ ‎  Which season do you like better, summer or winter? I like winter better.‎ ‎  你更喜欢哪个季节,夏天还是冬天?我更喜欢冬天。‎ ‎  33.动词还原的用法 ‎  前面用了do, does did, don’t, doesn’t didn’t后面动词要还原。‎ ‎  如:Did she watch TV last night?‎ ‎  Helen doesn’t like taking photos.‎ ‎  34.到了 ‎  到达用get to ‎  但注意到家,到这儿,到那儿不可以加to ‎  如:get home; get here; get there,‎ ‎  另外go home; come here; go there也一样。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 35.长着和穿着 ‎  长着什么用with ‎  如:the girl with big eyes 大眼睛的女孩;‎ ‎  穿着什么用in ‎  如:the man in black穿黑衣服的男人 ‎  或:the woman in the white skirt 穿白色短裙的妇女 ‎  36.让某人做某事 ‎  用let sb后加动词原形 ‎  如:Let’s water the flowers together.‎ ‎  是该做…的时候了用It’s time for+名词或It’s time to +动原。‎ ‎  帮助某人做某事是help sb with sth ‎  如:帮我学英语是 help me with my English ‎  37.树上 ‎  外来的东西在树上用in the tree  如:the bird in the tree;‎ ‎  树上长的用on the tree 如:the apples on the tree ‎  38.运动和乐器 ‎  球类之前不加the;‎ ‎  乐器之前必须加the ‎  如:play the piano; play football ‎39.一周中的第一天是Sunday; 一年中的第一个月是January ‎40.get后加比较级表示变得更怎么样 ‎  如:get stronger; get longer
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