感叹句和倒装句《破解2020年中考英语之易错易混点丢分题》（原卷版）

感叹句和倒装句《破解2020年中考英语之易错易混点丢分题》（原卷版）

【2019 • 青海省中考】___________ useful advice you gave us! A. What B. What a C. How 【参考答案】A 【试题解析】句意：你给了我们多么有用的建议啊！分析句子结构可知考查感叹句，在感叹句中，what 修饰名词，how 修饰形容词/副词，根据 useful advice 可知句型结构为：What +形容词+不可数名词+主语 +谓语动词！，句中 advice 消息，不可数名词。故选 A。 此题易误选 B，很多学生容易把 advice 当成是可数名词，且 useful 是以辅音音音素开头的单词，所以 第一空很容易误填 What a，其实 advice 是不可数名词，前不用冠词，useful 是形容词，故前用 what 修饰。 感叹句的基本用法 用来表示说话人强烈的喜、怒、哀、乐等感情的句子，叫感叹句。感叹句由 what 或 how 引导，具体用 法如下表： 类别 结构 例句 what 引导 What + a/an + 形容词 + 单数可数 名词（+ 主语 + 谓语）! What a kind girl ( she is )! （她是）一个多么善良 的女孩啊！ What + 形容词 + 复数可数名词/ 不可数名词（+ 主语 + 谓语）! What beautiful flowers ( they are)! 多么漂亮的花！ What bad weather ( it is )! 多么糟糕的天气！ how 引导 How + 主语 + 谓语! How time flies! 时间飞逝！ How + 形容词/副词（+ 主语 + 谓 语）! How brave ( the hero is )!（这个英雄）真勇敢！ How slowly he walks! 他走得多慢啊! How + 形容词 + a/an + 单数可数 名词（+ 主语 + 谓语）! How clever ( a boy he is )! （他是）一个多么聪明 的男孩啊！ 【典例】 【2019 • 内蒙古呼和浩特市】Guan Dong saved an old lady out of the Yangtze River. ___________ great courage he showed! A. What a B. What C. How a D. How 【答案】B 【解析】句意：关董救了一位老太太走出长江。他表现出多么杰出的勇气啊！从句意知，本题考查的是感 叹句，由于 courage 是不可数名词，因此用感叹词 What，故选 B。 【2019 • 湖南省邵阳市】—___________ different life is today! —Yeah. We are all living a happy and rich life now. A. What a B. How C. What 【答案】B 【解析】分析句子结构可知考查感叹句，在感叹句中，what 修饰名词，how 修饰形容词/副词，根据 different life is today 可知句型结构为：How +形容词+主语+谓语动词！different 形容词，不同的， life 生活，主语 故选 B。 陈述句改感叹句 陈述句变为感叹句时，常使用＂一断二加三换位＂的方法： 1. ＂一断＂，即在谓语后边断开，使句子分为两部分。 She is ‖ a beautiful girl. 她是一位美丽的姑娘。 He works ‖ hard. 他工作努力。 2. ＂二加＂，即如果第二部分为副词、形容词，就加上 how；如果是一个名词(词组)，就加上 what。 She is ‖ (what) a beautiful girl. He works ‖ (how) hard. 3. ＂三换位＂，即把第一部分与第二部分互换位置，同时把句号换为感叹号。 What a beautiful girl she is! How hard he works! 【典例】 She is a hard-working student. (改为感叹句) ___________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】What a hard-working student she is! /How hard-working she is! 【解析】感叹句有 What... 和 How... 两种结构，在该题中，如果用 What，感叹部分为 What a hard-working student；而如果用 How，感叹部分则为 How hard-working。 感叹句记忆口诀 感叹句，并不难，what 与 how 应在前。 形容词、副词跟着 how，what 后面名词连。 名词若是可数单，前带冠词 a 或 an。 主语、谓语放后面，省略它们也常见 It was because I was caught in the traffic jam ___________ I came to school late this morning. A. which B. when C. what D. that 【参考答案】D 【试题解析】本题考查强调句。这是一个强调句型 It is...that...……结构，强调原因状语，故选 D。句意：今 天早上我来学习迟到是因为我陷于交通阻塞。 此题考查强调句型，It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who...，判断强调句型的一个原则是，把 It is/was 和 that/who...去掉，句子仍然是一个完整的句子，此句把 It was 和空处之后，剩下的为 because I was caught in the traffic jam I came to school late this morning，仍然是一个完整的句子，故判断此题考查强调句型，故选 D。 强调句型是一种特殊句式，用于表达说话任强烈的感情或意愿。强调就是使句中某一部分所包含的信 息，通过某种手段比一般情况下显得更加重要。 1. 强调句的基本结构及用法 (1)基本句型： It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who... It is only by listening to and understanding each other that problems between parents and children can be settled. 只有通过倾听和相互理解， 孩子和父母之间的问题才可能被解决。 (强调方式状语) (2)一般疑问句形式： Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他？ Was it because he behaved badly that he was punished by this teacher? 是因为他表现太差而受到老师的惩罚吗？ (3)特殊疑问句形式： 特殊疑问词＋is/was it＋that＋其他？ ,特殊疑问词就是被强调部分。 When was it that he made up his mind to take this course? 他是什么时候决定选修这门课程的？ 【易错警示】 当疑问句式的强调句出现在名词性从句中时，疑问句语序要变成陈述句语序。 He asked me who it was that took his umbrella by mistake. 他问我是谁错拿了他的雨伞。 I just wonder why it is that Mr. Black seldom mentions his childhood? (4)强调句的反义疑问句 强调句的反义疑问句由 that/who 前的主句确定用 isn’t it 或 wasn’t it. It is Mr. Smith who will come to give us a lecture tomorrow, isn’t it? It was in the dining room that you lost your wallet , wasn’t it? (4)含有 not... until... 的强调句型： It is/was not until＋被强调部分＋that... It was not until near the end of the letter that she mentioned her own plan. 直到信的末尾她才提到她自己的 计划。 2. 强调句中 it 的应用 It 在强调句中无实际意义，也不可以用 that 或 this 替代。 3. 强调句中 be 动词的应用 若原句是现在时或将来时，be 动词用 is ;若原句为过去时，则 be 动词用 was.另外，可视情况在 be 动词 前加情态动词 may, might, could , must 等，表明说话人的语气。强调句的否定式在 be 动词后加 not。 It is his determination rather than cleverness that has made him more and more successful. It was in the village school that I finished my primary school. It might be in the office that you left your keys. It was not everyone that can do such a thing. 4. 强调句中 that/who 的应用 若强调句的被强调部分是人，用 that 或 who 均可；若被强调部分指物或其他情况，则一律用 that.如： It was Tony who/that happened to meet our English teacher in the bookstore. It was in the bookstore that Tony happened to meet our English teacher in the bookstore 5. 强调句不能强调定语和谓语动词 强调谓语动词时， 要在所强调的谓语动词前加助动词 do, does 或 did。 The family did manage to send him to a technical school. 家里的确设法让他上技术学校。 1）强调主语 It is my parents that always encourage me to try new things. 注意：强调主语时，应注意原句的谓语动词仍与被强调的主语保持一致。被强调的部分的主语无论是单 数还是复数形式，强调结构中的 be 动词只能用 is 或 was. 例如：It is I who am going to the cinema with some friends. It is Lucy and Mary that will come to see me this Sunday. 2）强调宾语 It was an English-Chinese dictionary that I bought this morning. 3）强调状语 It is because of illness that he failed to attend the meeting. It is only when something gets lost that you can realize how important it is to you. 注意：当被强调部分是原因状语从句时，从句只能用 because 引导，而不能用 since 或 as 引导。如：It was because she was busy that she refused to help you. 1. 【2019 • 广东省中考】____________ smart the driverless car is! I really want to have one. A. What B. What a C. What an D. How 2. 【2019 • 黑龙江哈尔滨中考】—Lucy, look at the stars in the sky. —____________! A. What bright it is B. How bright they are C. What bright they are 3. 【2019 • 湖南长沙中考】____________ fun it is to have a field trip on the Orange Island! A. What B. What a C. How 4. 【2019 • 江苏省宿迁中考】—____________ wonderful the music is! What’s its name? —Victory. A. How B. How a C. What D. What a 5. 【2019 • 甘肃武威中考】____________ useful the information you’ve provided is! A. What a B. What C. What an D. How 6. 【2019 • 吉林省中考】—____________ beautiful song it is! —Yes. It is Taylor Swift’s new song. A. How B. What C. What a 7. 【2019 • 四川省广元市】____________ fine weather it is! A. What a B. How C. What 8. 【2019 • 广西省北部湾经济中考】—Look at my new dress. —Wow! ____________ beautiful it is! A. How B. How a C. What D. What a 9. It’s a long time ago ___________ I saw you last time. A. when B. since C. for D. that 10. It’s time ___________. A. to go to home B. to go home C. going to home D. going home 11. 【2019 • 甘肃省天水中考】____________ exciting news it is! Beijing will hold 2022 Winter Olympic Games. A. What an B. What C. How D. How an 12.【2019 • 山东省青岛中考】____________ special classes we had! We have learned a lot about paper cutting. A. What B. What a C. How a D. How 13. 【2019 • 湖北省随州中考】—All of my classmates have passed the PE test. —____________ exciting the news is! A. What B. What an C. How D. How an 14. 【2019 • 江苏省淮安中考】—It is said that 5G is coming. It will improve our life great! —____________ amazing it is! A. What an B. How a C. What D. How 1. (2019 年汕头市潮南区模拟) — useful suggestion you offer! Thank you! —You're welcome! A. What an B. What a C. How an D. How 2. (2019 年江苏省连云港市赣榆实验中学中考模拟)"_______ you've made! But you should still work hard, "the teacher said to the boy. A. What great progress B. How a big mistake C. What a big mistake D. How great progress 3. (珠海市北大附属实验学校初中部 2020 届九年级上学期 10 月调研)_______wonderful advice ! A. How B. What a C. How a D. What 3. (北京市上地实验学校 2019-2020 学年九年级上学期第二次统练) ________ the mooncakes are！ A. What delicious B. How delicious C. What a delicious D. How a delicious 4. (山东滨州部分学校 2019-2020 学年九年级上学期第一次月考)—_________useful advice he gave me! —_________kind he is! A. What, How B. How, What C. What a, How D. What an, How 5. (安徽省桐城市第二中学2019 届九年级下学期第三次模拟) It is the ability to do the job ____ matters not where you come from or what you are. A. which B. that C. what D. where 6. (济南汇才学校 2019-2020 学年度第一学期期中)— ________ delicious the food is in China! —So it is. We all enjoy it. A. What B. How C. How an D. What an 7. (广东梅州市 2019---2020 学年第一学期中段联考).______ clean the classroom is! Who cleaned it ? A. How a B. What a C. What D. How 8. It was because I like you ___________ I speak out frankly. A. that B. why C. because D. who 9. —It was ___________ who helped us out of danger. —What brave and helpful children! We should learn from them. A. they B. them C. their D. theirs 10. (北京 101 中学 2020 届上学期初中九年级 10 月月考)__________ the mooncakes are! A. What delicious B. How delicious C. What a delicious D. How a delicious 11. (四川雅安中学 2019—2020 学年上期学考) — popular Tik Tok（抖音）is nowadays! — So it is . More than 100 million people share short videos on it every day. A. What B. What an C. How D. How an 12. (湖南省麓山国际实验学校 2019—2020 第一次限时练） — useful weather report he has just offered! —It really helps a lot. We can plan our trip now. A. What a B. How C. What