常见英语中考知识点集锦

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常见英语中考知识点集锦

‎ ‎ ‎ 常见英语中考知识点集锦 ago与before的用法区别 区别1 两者均表示“以前”,但ago以现在为基准,即指“现在以前”,因此常与一般过去时连用;而before以过去某一时间为基准,指“在那时以前”,因此常与过去完成时连用(且多用于宾语从句中)。如:‎ He left two years ago. 他是两年前离开的。‎ She said he had left two year before. 她说他是两年前离开的。‎ 区别2 before也可泛指“以前”,不与具体时间连用。此时可用于现在完成时或一般过去时。如:‎ I have read the book before. 我以前读过这本书。‎ He didn’t know that before. 他以前不知道此事。‎ 有关age 的几条用法说明 说明1. 有关“年龄”(age)的常见表达:‎ How old is he? / What’s his age? 他多大年纪?‎ He is ten (years old). / He is ten years of age. 他10岁。‎ I have a son (of) your age. / I have a son the same age as you. ‎ 我有一个像你这样年纪的儿子。‎ Their ages are 4、7 and 9. 你们的年龄是4岁、7岁和9岁。‎ 说明2. 表示“在……年龄时”,英语常用“at the age of +数字”(有时也省略为“at age+数字”,或改用 when 从句)。如:‎ He joined the army at the age of eighteen. ‎ He joined the army at age eighteen. ‎ He joined the army when he was eighteen (years old). ‎ 他18岁时参了军 说明3. “他年纪 / 老”不能直择为:His age is young / old. 可译为:He is young / old ‎ ‎ 短语after all用法说明 ‎1. 表示“尽管怎样,但还是……”,可译为“终究”、“毕竟”(通常放在句末)。如:‎ I was right after all. 毕竟是我对。‎ He tried for an hour and failed after all. ‎ 他试了一个钟头,终究还是失败了。‎ ‎2. 表示“别忘了”(通常放在句首)。如:‎ I know he hasn’t finished the work but, after all, he’s very busy. ‎ 我知道他还没做完工作,但别忘了他很忙。‎ 注:不要将 after all 理解为“最后”、“终于”,而与finally 或at last 混淆。‎ almost 与 nearly的用法异同 一、相同之处 两者均可表示“几乎”“差不多”,均可修饰不定代词、形容词、副词、动词、介词短语等,此时两者常可换用。如:‎ It’s almost [nearly] impossible. 那几乎是不可能的。(修饰形容词)‎ He almost [nearly] always arrives late. 他差不多总是迟到。(修饰副词)‎ He fell and almost [nearly] broke his leg. 他摔了一跤,险些摔断了腿。(修饰动词)‎ Almost [Nearly] all the students passed the exam. 差不多所有的学生都通过了考试。(修饰不定代词)‎ 注意:修饰动词时,通常应放在行为动词之前,特殊动词之后(见上例);修饰形容词、副词、名词等时,通常应将其放在被修饰词语之前,否则会造成错误。如:‎ ‎◎他工作了几乎一整天。‎ 正:He worked almost all day.‎ 误:He almost worked all day.‎ ‎◎我们当中几乎每一个人都读过这本书。‎ 正:Almost every one of us read the book.‎ 误:Every one of us almost read the book.‎ 二、不同之处 ‎1. almost 可用于 any 以及 no, none, nobody, nothing, never 等否定词之前,但 nearly ‎ 一般不这样用。如:‎ Almost any man can do it. 几乎任何人都会做。‎ Almost no one came to the party. 几乎没有人来参加晚会。‎ I almost never see her. 我几乎从未见过她。‎ 但是,两者都可用在否定动词之前。如: ‎ He almost [nearly] didn’t catch the bus. 他差点没赶上公共汽车。‎ ‎2. nearly 前可用 very, pretty, not 等词修饰,但 almost 之前不能用这些词。如: ‎ It’s not nearly so difficult as you think. 这远不像你想象的那么难。‎ The car is pretty nearly new. 这汽车几乎是全新的。‎ 注:not nearly 意为“远非”,very [pretty] nearly 意为“几乎”,都是习语。‎ ‎3. 有时 almost 可表示十分相似(但又不完全相同),此时不用 nearly。如:‎ I almost wish I’d stayed at home. 我真有点后悔没在家里呆着。‎ Our cat understands everything — he’s almost human. 我们这只猫什么都懂——快通人性了。‎ 含有add的四个有用短语 ‎1. add in 包括。如:‎ Don’t forget to add me in. 别忘了把我也算上。‎ Would you add in these items, please? 请你把这些条款包括进去好吗? ‎ ‎2. add to 增加。如:‎ This adds to our difficulties. 这增加了我们的困难。‎ It adds to my pleasure to see you here today. 今天在这里见到你我格外高兴。‎ ‎3. add up ‎(1) 加起来。如:‎ You haven’t added the figures up right. 这些数字你没有加对。‎ ‎(2) 有意义,有道理(主要用于口语中,且主要用于否定句)。如:‎ His excuse just doesn’t add up. 他的借口完全站不住脚。‎ What he said doesn’t add up. 他说的话自相矛盾。‎ ‎4. add up to ‎(1) 加起来等于,总计。如:‎ The figures add up to 500. 这些数字加起来等于500。‎ The costs added up to 1000 dollars. 费用总计为1000美元。‎ ‎(2) 总起来看说明了。如:()‎ Your long answer just adds up to a refusal. 你的冗长回答简直等于拒绝。‎ The evidence all adds up to a case of murder. 所有证据都说明这是一起谋杀案 含有act的几个重要短语 ‎1. act as (临时)担任,充当,起……的作用。如:‎ A trained dog can act as a guide to a blind person. 经过训练的狗可以担任盲人的向导。‎ 表示担任独一无二的职务,其前通常不用冠词。如:‎ He acted as manager in my absence. 我不在时他担任经理。‎ I don’t understand their language; you’ll have to act as interpreter. 我不懂他们的语言,你得当翻译了。‎ ‎2. act for 代理(某人职务),代为(处理某事)。如:‎ Please act for me during my absence. 我不在时请代理我处理事务。‎ I acted for our captain while he was in hospital. 我们队长住院时由我代理他。‎ ‎3. act out (用手势和语言)表演出来。如:‎ Let’s act out the story of the three bears once more. 让我们再把这三只熊的故事表演一次吧。‎ ‎4. act on (upon) 对……起作用,对……有效。如:‎ The drug acts on the stomach. 这药对胃有效。‎ Alcohol acts on the nervous system. 酒精对人的神经系统有影响。‎ ‎5. in the act (of) 当场,正在动作时。如:‎ He was in the very act of starting. 他正准备动身。‎ He was caught in the act (of reading my private letters). 他(在读我的私信时)被当场抓住 angry的用法 ‎1. 表示“对某人生气”,一般用介词with,有时也用at. ‎ He got angry with (或at) me. 他对我生气了。‎ 注:有人认为用with表示心中感到生气,而用at则表示怒气流露于外表。但总的说来还是用with的场合较多。‎ ‎2. 表示“对某事生气”,一般用介词about 或at。如:‎ She was very angry at what he said. 她对他说的话很生气。‎ I was angry about missing the film. 没看上那部电影我很所恼。‎ 注:有人认为:at之后接某人之言行,about之后接某事,但种区别并不十分严格,两者常可混用。‎ 有关ago的几点用法说明 ‎1. ago在表示时间的“以前”这个意义时,应注意:‎ ‎(1) 只能与时间段状语连用,不能与时间点状语连用。‎ ‎(2) 只能放在时间名词之后,而不能置于其前。‎ ‎(3) 只能与过去时连用,不能与完成时连用。‎ I met him three years ago. 我3年前见过他。‎ 注:若句中有助动词,有时也可用于完成时态。如;‎ This would have been a couple of months ago. 这可能是几个月以前。‎ ‎2. 在“It was+时间段+ago”之后用that或when引导从句均可(构成强调句),但不能用since(若则since要去掉ago,并改was为is)。如:‎ He died twenty years ago. ‎ It was twenty years ago that (或when) he died. ‎ It is twenty years since he died. 他是20年前死的。‎ after与behind用法小区别 after 表示顺序的先后,behind 表示位置的前后。试比较:‎ run behind sb. 在某人后面跑 run after sb. 跑在某人之后(含有追上之意)‎ Shut the door behind you. 关上你后面的门。‎ Shut the door after you. 出入请随手关门。‎ 注:口语中的客套话“先生、你先请”,右说成After you, 但不能说Behind you. ‎ accept与receive的用法区别 ‎1. receive 指“收到”、“接到”。表示一种被 动的行为;而accept 指“接受”,表示的是一种主动的行为,并伴随有一种满意或允诺的意味。试体会:‎ He received the present, but he didn’t accept it. 他收到了礼物,但没有接受。‎ ‎2. 两者之后均可接名词或代词作宾语,但不可接不定式。如:‎ He asked her to marry him and she accepted him. 他向她求婚,她同意了。‎ 但:不可说…she accepted to marry him. ‎ ‎3. 表示“接见”、“接待”时,应用receive,不用accept . ‎ She was warmly received. 她受到热情接待。‎ ‎4. 表示“从……收到接爱……”时,两者之后均可接from。‎ He received / accepted an invitation from his friend. 他收到 / 接受朋友的邀请。‎
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