河南专用2020版中考英语语法过关专题二代词课件人教新目标版

河南专用2020版中考英语语法过关专题二代词课件人教新目标版

专题二　代词 考点一　人称代词与物主代词 考点突破 考点二　反身代词、指示代词、替代词及it 考点三　不定代词 考点一　人称代词与物主代词 考点突破 人称代词及物主代词的构成及用法 人称代词不仅指人,也可指物,有人称、数和格的变化。物主代词是人称代词的 属格形式,表示“所有”关系,有形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种。 数人称词义类型 单数 复数 一 二 三 一 二 三 我 你 她/他/它 我们 你们 他们/她 们/它们 主格 I you she;he;it we you they 宾格 me you her;him;it us you them 一、人称代词 二、物主代词 注意:1.几个人称代词并列充当主语时,它们的顺序是: 单数:“二、三、一”即you, he/she and I 复数:“一、二、三”即we, you and they 数人称词义类 型 单数 复数 一 二 三 一 二 三 我的 你的 他的 她的 它的 我们的 你们的 他/她/ 它们的 形容词性 my your his her its our your their 名词性 mine yours his hers / ours yours theirs 2.形容词性物主代词通常放在名词前作定语。如: my pen pal我的笔友　her name她的名字 3.名词性物主代词常用来避免前面已经提及的名词,相当于“形容词性物主代 词+名词”。常和of连用作定语。如: This book is mine. Yours(Your book) is on your desk. 这本书是我的。你的(书)在你的桌子上。 Judy is a friend of mine.Judy是我的一个朋友。 考点二　反身代词、指示代词、替代词及it 一、反身代词 反身代词是表示“我(们)自己”、“你(们)自己”、“他/她/它(们)自己”的代词。 注意:反身代词和其他词连用,构成固定词组。如: enjoy oneself过得愉快;玩得高兴 by oneself独自 反身代词 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 myself yourself himself/herself/itself 复数 ourselves yourselves themselves help oneself to...随便吃/用 …… dress oneself某人自己穿衣服 come to oneself苏醒 hurt oneself受伤 teach oneself/learn by oneself自学 单数 this that 复数 these those 二、指示代词 注意:1.this/these指代下文要提到的事,that/those指上文提到过的事。如: Please remember this:Where there is a will, there is a way.请记住:有志者,事竟 成。 He was busy. That was why he didn ' t go out for a walk with us. 他很忙。那就是他没有和我们一起去散步的原因。 2.打电话时用this指代自己,用that指代对方。如: This is Nancy speaking. Who ' s that? 我是Nancy,你是谁? 三、it,one/ones, that/those作替代词时的区别 1.it特指上文提到的同一对象,是同一事物。如: I have a new schoolbag. It ' s very nice. 我有一个新书包。它很漂亮。 2.one泛指上文提及的同类事物中的一个(表示几个时用ones),同类而不同物。 如: —Who has a dictionary?谁有词典? —I have one.我有一本。 3.that常用于比较结构中,代替前面提到的可数名词单数或不可数名词,以避免 重复;若前面提到的可数名词为复数,则用those代替。如: The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangzhou in winter.冬天北京的天气 比广州的天气冷。 四、it的特殊用法: 1.it作形式主语,常用于以下句型: It ' + adj .(+for/of sb.)+to do sth.(对某人来说)做某事是 …… 的。 It ' s+ adj .+that从句　某事是 …… 的。 2.it作形式宾语。如: I find it boring at home.我发现在家里很无聊。 考点三　不定代词 一、普通的不定代词 不定代词是不明确代指某个人、某个事物、某些人、某些事物的代词,它们起 名词或形容词的作用。常考的易混不定代词有很多,常见的有如下几组: many 修饰可数名词,表示“许多;大量” much 修饰不可数名词,表示“许多;大量” a lot of/lots of 既可以修饰可数名词,也可以修饰不可数名词 some 既可以修饰可数名词,也可以修饰不可数名词;多用在肯定句中;还可以用在表示邀请、请求或期待得到肯定回答的疑问句中 any 既可以修饰可数名词,也可以修饰不可数名词;any多用在否定句、疑问句和条件状语从句中 few 修饰可数名词,表否定意义,意为“不多,很少” a few 修饰可数名词,表肯定意义,意为“几个;有些” little 修饰不可数名词,表否定意义,意为“几乎没有” a little 修饰不可数名词,表肯定意义,意为“少量;一些” 1.表示数量的词或短语 注意:some, any, few, little, both, neither等既可作代词,也可作限定词修饰名 词。如: —You must be thirsty. Can I get you some tea?你一定渴了。我给你倒点茶水吧? —Just a little please.请给我一点点。 2.either,neither,both,all,none either 表示“两者中的任何一个”,可以和or搭配 neither 表示“两者都不”,可以和nor搭配 both 表示“两者都”,可以和and搭配 all 表示“都”,适用于三者或三者以上的人或物 none 表示“都不”,适用于三者或三者以上的人或物 3.every(作限定词),each 侧重点 each强调个体;every强调整体。两者都和可数名词的单数搭配。each和“every+名词”作主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式 适用范围 each适用于两个或两个以上的人或物;every适用于三个或三个以上的人或物 不定代词 意义 用法说明 other 另外的 只作定语,常与复数名词连用;但如果前面有the,this,that,some,any,each,every,no,one,my,your,his等时,则可与单数名词连用 the other 两者中的另一个 常与one连用,构成“one...the other...”;作定语修饰复数名词时,表示“其余的全部” others 另一些 泛指别的人或物(但不是全部),不能作定语,构成“some...others...” the others 其余的 特指其余的人或物 another 另一个 指三者或三者以上中的任何一个,用作限定词或代词 4.other,the other,others,the others,another 二、复合不定代词 1.初中阶段常用复合不定代词列表如下: 2.在反意疑问句中,当陈述部分的主语是指人的复合不定代词,如 everybody,no- body,anyone等时,反意疑问部分的主语通常用代词 they;当陈述部分的主语是指 物的复合不定代词,如 everything,anything,something,nothing等时,反意疑问部分 somebody (某人) anybody (随便哪个人/任何人) nobody (没有人) everybody (每人) someone (某人) anyone (随便哪个人/任何人) no one (没有人) everyone (每人) something (某事) anything (随便什么事/任何事) nothing (没有东西) everything (每一件事) 的主语通常用代词 it。如: Everybody is here,aren ' t they?大家都在这里,不是吗? Everything is ready,isn ' t it? 所有东西都准备好了,不是吗? 3.当形容词或 else修饰复合不定代词 something,everything,everyone 等时,形容 词或 else常放在这些词的后面。如: He has something important to tell you. 他有一些重要的事情要告诉你。 Can you find anyone else? 你能找到其他人吗? 4.everyone的意思等同于everybody,只能指人;every one 既可指人也可指物,还可 以和of连用。如: I ' d like everyone to be happy. 我希望人人都幸福。 I have kept every one of her letters. 我已经把她的每一封信都保存了下来。 考点四　疑问代词 代词 意义 基本用法 例句 who 谁 在句中作主语或宾语 Who is that girl?那个女孩是谁? whom 谁 在句中作宾语 With whom did you go swimming?你和谁去游泳的? whose 谁的 对物主代词进行提问 Whose pen is this?这是谁的钢笔? what 什么 对具体内容进行提问 What do you know about it?关于它,你了解些什么? which 哪个 对指定范围内的“哪个”进行提问 Which movie do you like best?你最喜欢哪部电影? 一、单句填空 1.(2019河南)When times are difficult, tell     yourself     (you) that pain is part of growing. 2.(2019北京)Mr. Wang is coming to our school. I can ' t wait to see     him     (he). 3.(2019江苏南京)Last month the students in Changjiang Road Primary School held the “Ten Years of Growth Ceremony” to celebrate     their     (they) 10th birthday together. 4.(2019重庆)Their plants don ' t grow very well, but     ours     (we) look really good. 中考题组 5.(2019山西)—New kinds of morning exercises like dancing are becoming popu- lar. —     They     (them)can help us keep fit and have fun. 6.(2019湖北武汉)—This room is too small. I ' d like to ask for     another     . —Sure. We have rooms available here. 7.(2019广东)Nobody taught the old lady how to use WeChat. She learned it all by     herself     (she). 8.(2019福建)Almost     everyone     in our group has been to the 2nd Digital China Summit. It ' s fantastic. 9.(2019安徽)Could you stay a little longer? I have     something     more to tell you about the plan for tomorrow. 10.(2019黑龙江哈尔滨)Learning is a life long journey because we can learn     something     new every day. 11.(2019江苏苏州)—Hello, are you Mr. Morrison? —Yes. That ' s     me     (I). 12.(2019河北)—My ruler is broken. Can I borrow     yours     (you)? —Of course. Here it is. 13.(2019四川成都)—Uncle Lee, may I use your bike? —Sorry, mine is broken. You can ask your aunt for     hers     (she). 14.(2019湖南长沙)—So sorry, I took your school T-shirt by mistake. But where is     mine     (I)? —Don ' t worry. Let me help you find it. 15.(2019广西南宁)Look! The woman over there is our teacher. She teaches     us     (we) English. 16.(2019内蒙古呼和浩特)—May I help you with some jeans, sir? —Yes, I ' d like to try on those blue     ones     . 17.(2019浙江温州)Sam finds sweeping robots useful, and he plans to buy     one     for his grandma. 18.(2018河南)As a child, I would sit for hours by the river doing     nothing     — simply daydreaming. 19.(2018北京)My brother and I like football.     We     (us) play it together once a week. 20.(2018天津)—She is too busy to help us finish the work. —Let ' s do it     ourselves     (we). 21.(2018上海)My father is a good doctor.     He     (him)works hard to help his pa- tients. 22.(2018广东)Boxing Day, the 26th of December, got     its     (it) name from a time when many rich families gave boxes of gifts to poor people who had to work at Christmas. 23.(2018湖北武汉)—Do you know where the last two pictures went? —A millionaire bought     both     of them. He thought they were worth. 24.(2018福建)—I tried many ways to solve the problem, but     none     of them worked. —Never give up. You ' ll surely make it. 25.(2018吉林)—Which club do you want to join, the chess club or the swimming club? —     Neither     . I want to join the basketball club. 26.(2017河南)His name is James, but he usually calls     himself     (he)Jim. 二、语篇填空 (2020河南中考预测) 阅读短文,从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使短文通顺、意思完 整。每空限填一词,每词限用一次。 they　dangerous　when　tell　move brave　face　say　like　large One day,two men went along a lonely road and talked of what they would do if a bear or wolves attacked(进攻) 　1     .“Don ' t fear,” 　2     the larger one,“I can protect you and me,too,so there will be no 　3     .There is nothing in the forest for any man to fear,except a hungry bear,and I ' d like to meet the bear that could be a match for me.” Just at that time,a huge bear appeared on the road and 　4     towards the two men. The two men ran for a tree.The one who spoke so 　5     reached it first and climbed to safety.The smaller man,being left to 　6     the bear alone,threw himself on the ground and lay as if he was dead. 　7     the bear came up,he smelt the man on the ground and went away.Then the 　8     man came down from the tree and said, “What did the bear say in your ear?You seemed 　9     old friends.” “Oh,”the other answered,“He 　10     me never to trust a person who talks big.” 1.     them     　2.     said     　3.     danger     　4.     moved     　5.     bravely     6.     face     　7.     When     　8.     larger     　9.     like     　10.     told     一、单句填空 1.(2019河南新乡一模)Old Mr.Black lives happily with his three dogs.     All     of them are part of his family. 2.(2019河南洛阳一模)If you want to see me or talk to me or     anything     , just stop in. 3.(2019河南安阳一模)We can ' t leave Iris by     herself     (she). She is afraid of her own shadow. 4.(2019河南焦作一模)—The book 12 Rules for Life is very interesting! 模拟题组 —Yes. One of the rules is“Compare yourself to who you were yesterday,not to who     someone     else is today.” 5.(2019河南许昌一模)Mr. Strange named his pet dog“Cat”. He wanted to know if Cat doubted     itself     (it) when it was called. 6.(2019河南中原名校中考第一次大联考)Lily sings very well. In fact, I don ' t think     anyone     can sing better in my class. 7.(2019河南中原名校中考第二次大联考)—Which of the two scarves would you like? —     Neither     .I don ' t like their styles. 8.(2019河南百校联盟大联考)—Do you have any interesting news to tell us today, Rose? —No,     nothing     much. 9.(2019河南郑州二模)—I have to go to Wanda Plaza to buy a new football. —Why not book     one     on your mobile?You ' ll get it in an hour. 10.(2019河南省实验中学二模)She lost herself in doing her homework so that she didn ' t hear     somebody     knocking at the door at all. 11.(2018河南开封一模)—Mum, I ' ll take exams after May Day. I ' m a bit stressed. —Believe in     yourself     (you). I think you will make it. 12.(2018河南许昌一模)We don ' t have enough books for     everybody     ;some people will have to share. 13.(2018河南商丘一模)—Susan,go and join your sister cleaning the yard. —Why     me     (I)?John is sitting there doing nothing. 14.(2018河南洛阳二模)—A latest Luoyang Daily ,please. —Only one copy left.Would you like to have     it     , sir? 15.(2018河南郑州一模)—Have you got all your textbooks? —Don ' t worry, Mom.     None     is left. They are all in my schoolbag. 16.(2018河南商丘二模)—I hear the “New Learner ' s Dictionary” is very useful. I want to buy     one     . —Me,too. I also need one to help with my English study. 17.(2017河南开封一模)Plenty of useful suggestions were given and we used     some     in the building design. 二、语篇填空 (2020河南中考原创) 阅读短文,根据语篇要求填空,使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。 Hello, everyone!I ' m pleased to share some writing tips with you. How do you write in English? Some people find it difficult, so they give 　1     . First, you have to be ready to face criticism(批评). In fact, you will never truly learn how to write 　2     you allow your writing to be criticized. helpful criticism makes you realize what skills you need. Second, don ' t write without a plan. Always follow grammatical rules and make a structure for 　3     article, as if you are building a house. 　4     good plan may make your article be in good order. Finally, accurate(准确的)word usage and well-constructed(结构合理的)sentences 　5     always make your writing more attractive. So carefully choose the words that fit your article. 1.     up     　2.     unless     　3.     your     　4.     A     　5.     will