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中考英语复习应对策略+中考英语复习人教版-七年级上册+八年级下册-1-4
一、明确考试方向 1、研读课标和20 20 年中考考试要求,弄清中考考什么。 20 20 年《 ** 中考纲要》,确定了今年中考的 考试范围、题型、试卷结构、考试时间、试题难度。 把握中考命题方向,做好 中考信息资料的收集、整理和利用工作,针对考点,抓住易错点,提高学生应对能力,加强中考复习的针对性,提高备考效率。 2、研读近年中考试题, 弄清中考怎么考 。 根据 重点知识 重点考, 必考知识 年年考,次要知识轮流考的要求,为此,为弄清怎么考,我们必须认真研读分析 近几年 的安徽中考试题,通过我们对命题背景,学生答题情况的了解,可以指导我们更好的做好中考复习工作。 二.制定切实可行的复习计划 复习过程要 有计划,针对性和系统性 ,避免随意性,杜绝盲目性。科学合理地安排好三轮复习,把握住每一轮复习重心,各阶段的复习指导应有侧重面和突破点。复习时间安排(个人观点,仅供参考): 1.结束新课——3月底。2.单元复习——4月。 对课本上的每一模块、每一单元、每一个知识点都必须熟练、吃透。 3.专项复习——5月中旬。 本阶段以分类复习为主,以突破难点、解决重点为重点,落实第二轮复习,在学生全面把握基础知识上,突出抓好考点、难点、重点。以精讲带练。 4. 模拟训练:5月20日——5月31日。 有目的、有针对性地开展个别辅导工作,使不同层次的学生都有一定的提高,模拟考试后要针对学生成绩进行质量分析,做到凡考必评,及时进行查缺补漏。 5.查漏补缺:6月1日——6月8日。 进一步对考试重点、难点、热点、考点进行整合强化。 6.自由复习:6月9日—6月10日。 三.注重复习方法 1 .抓住重点 ,就是对《课标》、《考纲》要求的要点、关键点、核心知识点加大复习力度,力求深刻理解和掌握,能熟练应用所学知识来解决实际问题。 2. 突破难点 ,就是将教材中的难点知识各个击破,揭示其知识的内在联系。 3. 重视热点 ,就是连续几年在中考题中出现的考点内容,也是考试说明要求理解和掌握的内容。 4 .关注亮点 ,就是指近几年考题中曾出现过的设计巧妙,构思独特引入情景新,考查方法新,要求利用所学知识来完成未接触过的新问题。 5. 弥补弱点 ,即在中考复习中对学生知识的薄弱环节或知识误区进行有针对性的查漏补缺,以提高复习效率。 四.提高复习效率 1.梳理双基形成网络不搞题海战。 教师在习题的设计上要做到“三精”—— 精选、精讲、精练 ,选题时要注意题目的 针对性、代表性、典型性 。提高练习质量。习题要以基础题、中档题为主,给学生以动力。此外,习题的讲解要讲究效率,注意引导学生进行分析解答、反思 . 2 .重视学生能力培养、讲求规范训练。 在复习备考阶段,一定要把规范化答题、严谨准确的表述等内容提到复习日程上来。 3. 整理错题,理清思路,提高审题能力。 要求学生将出现的问题、学习中的盲点、易错点及时记录在错题本上。归纳和剖析常见的错误案例,不仅有助于及时弥补学生知识上的盲点,理清解题思路,避免犯重复错误,还能达到提高审题能力的目的。 4. 做好学生情况分析,搞好分层教学 。 老师要对每位学生进行认真分析,帮助其树立明确的学习目标,让学生了解自己的优势和劣势 . 5. 注意保护和培养学生的信心和兴趣。 在复习中教师要始终注意保护和培养学生对英语学习的 信心和兴趣 ,及时给学生以 积极的评价 ,使学生体验复习成功的 乐趣 ,感受英语学习给他们带来的 进步 。通过抓两头,促中间,提高升学率、优秀率、合格率,降低差生率,全面提高英语教学质量。 一、收集做过的试题,把所有错题抄在一个 错题本 上,用 红色 笔写上正确答案,并在错题旁边写一、两句说明错题原因,让自己加深印象,不再犯类似的错误。如还是没有明白,要及时问老师。 二、要加强 阅读训练和听力训练 。你现在有时间,但是千万别浪费,每天坚持阅读,练听力(有统一听力训练带)。 三、要每天利用至少半个小时的时间,大声的朗读和背诵所学过的 课文、对话、单词 ,通过朗读和背诵达到听、说训练。答题的时候有语感。以初中英语教材 第三册 为重点。 四、可以做一些综合练习来判断哪方面还有漏洞。 现阶段考生应该做什么 中考题型备考策略 一、听力( 30 ) 反复听,速记 二、单项选择( 15 ) 考察语法、词汇、惯用法、句型、口语功能 等方面。考点分布:特殊疑问词,代词、介词、动词、形容词、副词、连词、动词词组; 时态、从句、情态动词等。 there be 句型、祈使句;口语。 答题时要注意: 1.题目有 语境 ,吃透语境,把握题干的全部信息,并从 词法、语法、惯用法、词 的搭配等多方面考虑。 2.对话构成题干,更生活化,更灵活,要根据 实际情况 来断定答案。 3.注意综合性的知识,切记“语不离句,句不离文,语法不离语境”。用排除法选出答案。 三、完型填空( 30 ) 基本考察: 词汇、固定搭配,语法涉及少 。 答题三部曲 : 浏览 - 填空 - 核查(语境 + 常识 + 推理 + 排除) 1.要 通读全文,掌握大意 ,这是非常必要的。 2. 上下要连续,前后要贯通 ,连词的使用为各行各句之间提供了紧密的因果、转折、并列或者条件的内在逻辑关系,通过发现和识别连词,可以从宏观的角度把握文章的大意,构建全文的内在逻辑结构,领会作者的思路,完形填空通过保留一定数理的词语,使答题的人获得必要的信息和知识。 3.要 仔细推敲,复校全文 。 4.要有比较 扎实的语言基本功底 ,有比较 严密的逻辑思维 。接近中考了,要进行强化训练,每天至少要做两至三篇的强化训练,要自己计时。 四、补全对话( 5 ) 补全对话是考查学生交际应用英语的能力。平时练习中要注意以下几点: 1.答题时,语言要得体,表达要地道。 2.应将一些常见情景下经常运用的句型、词组背熟,比如,问路、看病、邀请等常规用语。 3.语言实践与思维训练相结合。 语言是思维的体现,只有语言能以最快的速度表现思维的时候,人们才能流利地、有效地进行表达。答题时,依据语言环境补全对话。 五、阅读理解( 40 ) 题型: 1 、细节题:答案特点(照搬原文、同义转换、无中生有、偷换概念、太绝对化、以偏概全) 2 、猜词题 : 根据语境直译,中考难度低 3 、主旨大意题:纵观全文,防止答案太大或太小 4 、推理题 : 答案在文中肯定找不到原句,但根据文中内容可以推断;文章摘自何处 : 比较简单,用排除法 5 、主观题:问答题 + 主旨概括题 措施: 1.要有阅读积累,每天阅读2、3个小短文,每个小短文大概用四五分钟。 2.阅读的范围要广泛。 3.阅读要提速。 4.重视整体理解能力。遇生词不要查字典,通过上下文来理解。 六、单词拼写( 5 ) 考察: 动词、名词、形容词等。 注意 : 形式变化 它要求考生有较精准的语言素养,考查考生对词义的理解、词汇的拼写、词性的选择和运用,以及固定搭配、句子的类型结构、句子的时态等方面的能力。 课文中出现的动词、固定搭配词组,要特别注意,因为这些内容掌握的好坏,是考生能否正确遣词造句的关键。 1.通读全句,联系上下文,确定选词。 2.要掌握初中英语教材1-3册的“四会”的单词拼写。 七、作文( 25 ) 类型: 看图作文 或 话题作文 要求:全面、词汇、语法、衔接、多变、卷面 1. 认真审题 :弄清楚该题目究竟要表达什么,吃透要求,选好人称、有提示词,不要漏掉提示词语。 2. 语言地道 :尽量使用你初中学过的句子、常用的短语、习惯用法。表达要正确。 3. 不要跑题 :理解脉络,抓住重点。 4. 仔细检查 :注意时态、语态、人称是否上下文一致,单词是否有单复数的错误,拼写的错误,字数是否达到要求等。 (一定都要注意卷面整洁,书写工整。尤其是开头结尾要避免犯错。如果遇到有的单词不会写,要用拼音代替。) 2020 年3月14日 七年级上册 重点单词 1 、 good adj. 好的 → well adv. 好地 → better (比较级)更好的 → best (最高级)最好的 2 、 help v.& n. 帮助 → helpful adj. 有帮助的 → helpless adj. 无助的 3 、 late adj. & adv. 迟到 → later adv. 后来 → latest adj. 最新的、最近的 4 、 interesting adj. 有趣的(修饰物) → interested adj. 有趣的(修饰人) .→ interest n. 兴趣 5 、 difficult adj. 困难的 → difficulty n. 困难的事 → (反义词) easy adj. 容易的 → easily adv. 容易地 6 、 relaxing adj. 轻松的、令人放松的 → relaxed adj. 轻松的、放松的 7 、 healthy adj. 健康的 → healthily adv. 健康地 → (反义词) unhealthy adj. 不健康的 8 、 music n. 音乐、乐曲 → musical adj. 音乐的 → musician n. 音乐家 9 、 use v.& n. 使用、用 → useful adj. 有用的、有益的 → (反义词) useless adj. 没用的 10 、 nine num. 九 → ninth num. 第九 → nineteen num. 十九 → ninety num. 九十 → ninetieth num. 第九十 重点短语 1、用英语 in English 2、祝你有愉快的一天 have a good day 3、为……而感谢 Thanks/Thank you for sth. /doing sth 4、向某人要某物 ask sb. for sth. 5、打2819176找某人 call sb. at 2819176 6、迟到 be late for 7、在电视上看球赛 watch ball games on TV 8、下课后 after class 9、考虑 think about 10、询问某人的饮食习惯 ask sb. about his/her eating habits 11、给你 Here you are. 12、以优惠的价格出售 at very good prices 13、进行学校旅游 have/ go on a school trip 14、忙于做某事 be busy doing sth./with sth. 15、玩得开心 have a good time/have fun/enjoy oneself 16、举行英语晚会 have an English party 17、妇女节 Women’s Day 18、儿童节 Children’s Day 19、国庆节 National Day 20、完成做某事 finish doing sth. 重点句型 1、这个用英语怎么说? What’s this in English? 2、你的电话号码是什么? What’s your telephone number? 3、这儿有两张我的家庭照片。 Here are two photos of my family. 4、谢谢你的帮助。 Thanks for your help. /Thank you for your help. 5、这本字典怎么样? How/What about this dictionary? 6、——这些红袜子多少钱?——两美元。 —— How much are these red socks? They are two dollars. 7、有什么要帮忙的? Can I help you? /What can I do for you? 8、我认为对我来说学数学很难。 I think it’s difficult for me to study math. 精彩段落 I am very 1 busy on Friday, At 8:00 I Have math. It is not fun. The teacher says it is 2 useful (use),but I think it is difficult. Then at 9:00 I have science. It is difficult 3 but interesting . At 10:00 I have history. 4 After that . I have P.E at 11:00. It is easy and fun. Lunch is 5 from 12:00 to 1:00. and after that we have Chinese. It is my 6 favorite subject . Our Chinese teacher , Mrs. Wang ,7 is great fun. My classes finish 8 at 1:50, but after that I have art lesson 9 for two hours. It is really 10 relaxing (relax). 考点聚焦 考点一 That’s my family. Those are my parents. 那是我的家庭。他们是我的父母亲。 【 考点精讲 】 family 为集合名词,根据意义不同,其谓语动词的形式有所不同。强调整体,指“家;家庭”时,谓语动词用单数形式;强调个人,指“家庭成员”时,谓语动词用复数形式。 【 辨析 】family , house 与 home ◆family 的意思是“家庭;家庭成员”,与居住的房子无关。 eg : My family are all at home today. 今天我的家人都在家。 ◆ house 的意思是“房屋,住宅”。一般指家人所居住的建筑物。 eg : There are many new houses in our village. 我们村里有许多新房子。 ◆ home 的意思是“家”。主要指某人出生或居住的地方,通常有一定的感情色彩 ( 如团聚、思念等 ) 。 eg : East or west , home is best. 金窝银窝不如自己的狗窝。 【练一练】 1.We have only one earth. It's our common __ C __. A.family B.house C.home D.room 2.My __ C __ is near the bus station. A.family B.room C.house D.home 3.How many people are there in your __ A __? A.family B.house C.home D.room 4.I went to the Great Wall with my __ A __ last week. A.family B.house C.home D.room 考点二 What about this dictionary ?这本字典 ( 是谁的 ) 呢? 【 考点精讲 】 “What/How about… ?”意为“ …… 怎么样?”,其后接名词、代词或动词 ing 形式。常用在以下场合: (1) 向对方提出建议或请求。 eg : What about going out for a walk? 出去散散步好吗? (2) 征询对方的看法或意见。 eg : What about her playing the violin? ( 你认为 ) 她的小提琴拉的怎么样? (3) 询问天气情况或身体状况。 eg : What about the weather in your hometown? 你家乡的天气如何? (4) 寒暄时用作承接上下文的转折语。 eg : I am from Beijing. What about you? 我来自北京,你呢? 【练一练】 1. —What about _ C _ a rest? —OK. Let's go out and have a walk. A. take B. takes C. taking D. taken 2.— _ B _ joining the English club to practice English?—Good idea. A.Why not B.What about C.Why don’t you D.Shall we 3. 和我们一起去旅行怎么样? How/What about going on a trip with us? 考点三 Thank you for your help , Anna. 安娜,谢谢你的帮助。 【 考点精讲 】 (1)thank you for…=thanks for… 意为“为 …… 感谢你”,其中 for 为介词,后面可接名词、代词或动名词。常见的短语有: thank sb.for sth.“ 为某事而感谢某人”; thank sb.for doing sth.“ 为某人做某事而感谢某人”。 eg : Thank you for asking me. 谢谢你邀请我。 【 辨析 】 辨析 thanks for 与 thanks to ◆thanks for...(=thank you for...)“ 因 …… 而感谢” , for 后接名词或动名词。 eg : Thanks a lot for your help.=Thank you very much for helping me. 多谢你的帮助。 ◆ thanks to... 是复合介词,这个短语表示原因,意为“多亏;由于”。 thanks 不可以改为 thank you , to 为介词,后面不接动词原形, to 后面接感谢的对象。 eg:Thanks to your help, I succeeded in getting the good job. 多亏你的帮忙 , 我才成功地得到了那份好工作。 ( 2 ) help 此处用作不可数名词,意为“帮助;相助”。短语 with the help of/with one's help 在 …… 的帮助下。 eg : Thank you for your kind help. 谢谢你的好意相助。 With the help of our teacher , I can learn English well. 在我们老师的帮助下,我能学好英语。 ◆help 是动词,意为“帮助”,常用于 help sb.(to) do sth.“ 帮助某人做某事”; help sb.with (doing) sth.“ 帮助某人做某事”; help (to) do sth.“ 帮助做某事”; help oneself (to)…“ 随便吃 ……” ; can’t help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事; eg : Could you help me (to) learn English ?你能帮我学英语吗?它相当于 Could you help me with my English ? Help yourselves to some fruits , kids. 孩子们,随便吃些水果吧。 ◆ help ( v. )→ helpful (adj. )有帮助的 , 有益的→ helpfully (adv. )有益地 , 有用地 【练一练】 1.—__ B __ the doctors,the most beautiful teacher Zhang Lili is out of danger. —We wish her to live a healthy and happy life in the future. A.In front of B.Thanks to C.As for D.Across from 2.—Thanks __ D __ joining the Talk Show! —You're welcome. A.by B.on C.of D.for 3.Jack often helps me __ C __ my English. A.learning B.with learn C.with D. Learns 4.Boys,help __ D __ to some drink. A.your B.yourself C.you D. Yourselves 5. Thanks for___ C __me with my English. —It’s my pleasure. I’m glad you’ve made such great progress. A. help B. to help C. helping D.helps 6. 谢谢你的到来。 Thank you/Thanks for your coming, 7. 非常感谢你给了我一本好书。 Thank you very much for giving me a good book. 8. 多亏了你的帮助,我才能按时完成工作。 Thanks to your help, I finish the work on time. 9. 你能帮助他完成这项工作吗? Can you help him with this work? 10. 在她的帮助下,我们找到了失踪的女孩。 With the help of her, we found the lost girl. 考点四 Ask the teacher for it. 向老师要它。 【 考点精讲 】 ask 动词,意为“问;询问”。用法有: ① ask sb.sth. 询问某人某事 eg : May I ask you a question ?我可以问你一个问题吗? ② ask to do sth. 要求去做某事 eg : He asked to go with us. 他请求和我们一块儿去。 ③ask sb.(not) to do sth. 叫某人 ( 不 ) 去做某事 eg : The teacher asks us to do lots of homework. 老师叫我们做许多家庭作业。 ④ ask sb.for sth. 向某人寻求某事 eg : He often asks his friends for help when he is in trouble. 当他遇到困难时,他常向他的朋友寻求帮助。 【练一练】 1. Jackie asked me __ D __ anything. A.not touch B.not touched C.not touching D.not to touch 2.—Where are you going,Lin? —My father asked me___ D __ some chicken,so I’m going to the market. A. buy B. bought C. not to buy D. to buy 3. 如果你不能做决定,征求老师的意见吧! If you can’t make a decision, please ask you teacher for advice. 4. 我们问了学生们关于他们的课后活动。 We asked the students about their after-schoo1 activities. 考点五 Come on, Jack !快点儿,杰克! 【 考点精讲 】 come on 可用于以下场合: (1) 表示“快点儿”时,用来催促别人。 eg : Come on! It's getting dark. 快点!天要黑了。 (2) 表示“请求、鼓励、劝说”等,意为“来吧”。 eg : Come on! Lucy. Don't be so shy. 来吧,露西!别不好意思了。 (3) 用于体育竞赛等场合鼓励队员,意为“加油”。 eg: “ Come on, Li Hua !” shouted the students of Class One. “ 李华,加油!”一班的学生喊道。 come 的相关短语: come back 回来;返回 come from 来自 come true 实现;成为现实 come out 出版;出现 come up with 想出;提出 ( 主意、计划、回答等 ) come around/round 顺便来访 【练一练】 1. The famous writer introduced us his new book that will __ B __ next month. A.give out B.come out C.put out D.work out 2.—I’m very nervous. I’m afraid I can’t win. —__ D __!You can make it. A.Come out B.Come along C.Come around D.Come on 3. 上个月他的新书出版了。 His new book came out last month. 4. 你能想出一个办法来解决它吗? Can you come up with a way to solve it? 考点六 —Well , let‘s play basketball. 那么,让我们打篮球吧。 —That sounds good. 那听起来很好。 【 考点精讲 】 (1) 这是一个表示邀请、提议的祈使句。 let's 是 let us 的缩写,表示“让我们 ……” ,后面跟动词原形。接受建议用: It/That sounds good./Good idea./Sure./OK./All right. 等;不接受建议用: No , let's…“ 不,让我们 ……”( 提出不同建议 ) ; I'd like to , but…“ 我倒是很想那样,但 ……” 。 eg : —What a nice day ! Let's go out for a picnic. 今天天气真好!我们出去野餐吧。 ◆let 为使役动词, let sb do sth. 意为“让某人做某事”, sb 后跟动词原形作宾补 let sb not do sth. 意为“让某人不要做某事”。常见的使役动词包括: make, have, get, let 。常见使役句有 let/make sb.do sth. 使某人做某事。 eg : Let me help you. 让我来帮助你吧。 ◆ 在英语中,表示建议或请求有以下几个句型: Let's do… !让我们做 …… 吧! Shall we… ?我们 …… 好吗? Why don't you/we… ?= Why not… 为什么不 …… 呢? You'd better (not) do 你最好 ( 不 ) 做 …… Would you like to do… ?你想做 …… 吗? How/What about… ? …… 怎么样? ( 2 ) sound 为连系动词,意为“听起来”,后接形容词或名词短语作表语,说明听的感受。 类似的感官动词有 look( 看上去 ) , feel( 摸起来 ) , smell( 闻起来 ) , taste( 尝起来 ) 等。 eg : The news sounds very interesting. 那消息听起来很有趣。 ( 3 ) 【 辨析 】good 与 well 两者都是“好”的意思,但是用法不同。 ◆ good , adj. 好的;好心的;擅长的。可用在 be 动词、一些感 官动词 (taste , smell , sound 等 ) 之后作表语,也可放在名词前作定语。常用于 be good at… , be good for… , be good with… 短语中。 eg : The soup tastes goo d. 汤尝起来很好。 ◆well , adj.( 身体 ) 好,此时只能作表语,放在系动词 (be 、 look) 后。 eg : I'm not feeling well today. 我今天感觉不舒服。 well , adv. 好,常用来修饰行为动词,表程度。 eg : He dances well. 他舞跳得好。 【练一练】 1.—Let's __ D __ some dumplings right now. —OK.I'll cut up the meat first. A.eat B.buy C.heat D.make 2.Listen,the country music __ B __ so sweet. A.smells B.sounds C.feels D.looks 3. The bread smells __ C __ and it sells ________. A.well;good B.good;good C.good;well D.well;well 4.Let the boy __ D __ the tree.It's dangerous. A.climb B.don't climb C.not to climb D.not climb 5. 这个周未我们去游泳。 Let’s go swimming this weekend. 6. 你最好不要花太多的时间在玩电脑游戏上。 You’d better not spend too much time playing computer games. 7. 他身体好了,足以回学校了。 He is well enough to go back to school. 8. 这食物如此的好吃,我还想要一些。 The food tastes so good that I want some more. 考点七 I only watch them on TV! 我仅仅在电视上观看他们 ! 【 考点精讲 】 【 辨析 】look/see/watch/read ◆look 强调“看”的动作,可单独成句;后接宾语时加介词 at ;作系动词时表示“看起来”,后接形容词作表语。 eg : Look ! There is a beautiful giraffe by the river. 看!河边有一只美丽的长颈鹿。 Well , now let's look at this picture. 好,下面让我们来看一看这幅图片。 Peter , you look pale.What's wrong with you ?彼德,你脸色看上去很苍白。你哪儿不舒服吗? ◆see 强调“看”的结果 ( 看见 ……) ,但不一定是有意识地看。常用于表示“看电影 / 看病 /……” ;也可表示“理解;考虑”,如: I see. 我明白了。 see 后常接不带 to 的动词不定式或现在分词作宾语补足语,即 see sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事; see sb.doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事。 eg : You'd better go to see a doctor. 你最好去看看医生。 I saw a man fall into the river last night. 我昨天晚上看见一个人掉进了那条河里。 ◆watch 强调“ ( 聚精会神地 ) 看;注视”,有欣赏的意味;常用于表示“看电视 / 看比赛 / 看表演 ……” ;也可以作名词“手表”。其后接宾补时与 see 的用法相同。 eg : Would you like to watch a football match with me ?您愿意同我一起看一场球赛吗? ◆ read 强调“读”,常用于表示“看书 / 看报刊杂志 /……” 。 eg : My father usually reads newspapers after supper. 我爸爸常在晚饭后读报。 【练一练】 1.Children like to play with toys which __ D __ colorful. A.taste B.smell C.sound D.look 2.There was a strange sound outside. Maria went out and __ A __ around,but she _____ nothing. A.looked;saw B.saw;saw C.watched;looked D.looked;find 3.Students are allowed to ___ C ___ books and magazines in the library. A. see B. watch C. read D. look 4. We often ___ C ___ football games on weekends. A. see B. read C.watch D. look 5. 学生们现在正看着黑板,但什么也看不到。 The students are looking at the blackboard now. But they can’t see anything. 6. 我爸爸喜欢看足球赛而我妈妈喜欢看杂志。 My father likes watching football games while my mother likes reading magazines. 考点八 How much are these socks ?这些袜子多少钱? 【 考点精讲 】 (1)“How much + be +主语?”常用于询问价格,意为“ …… 多少钱”,其中 be 动词的单复数形式由后面的主语来决定。询问价格还可用 What's the price of… ?和 How much does…cost ?这两个句型。 eg :这件外套多少钱? How much is the coat ?= What's the price of the coat ?= How much does the coat cost ? (2) how much 还可用来询问不可数名词量的多少。询问可数名词量的多少用 how many 。 eg : How much bread do you want ?你想要多少面包? How many people are there in your family ?你家有几口人? 【练一练】 1.—Jenny,I need some milk. —OK,Mum.__ A __do you need? A.How much B.How many C.How often D.How long 2.—__ D __ people are there in your family? —Three. A.How often B.How long C.How much D.How many 3.—__ A __is the ruler? —It's 2 yuan. A.How much B.How far C.How often D.How many 4.我们需要多少牛奶? How much milk do we need? 5.这本书多少钱。 How much is the book? 考点九 Oh , I think history is interesting. 哦,我认为历史很有趣。 【 考点精讲 】 sb. think(s) . ..“ 某人认为 ……” 。 在含有宾语从句的复合句中,如果主句是 sb.think(s)/ believe(s) /suppose(s) ,从句表达否定意义时,应在形式上否定主句。 They believe the UFO is true.→ 否定句: They don't believe the UFO is true. 【 辨析 】interest/interesting/interested ◆interest 既是名词,又是动词。作名词时,意为“兴趣;趣味”,作动词时,意为“使 ( 人 ) 产生兴趣”。作名词组成短语 take/show an interest in sb./sth. 意为“对某人 / 某物感兴趣”。 eg : The little girl shows a great interest in music. 这个小女孩对音乐很感兴趣。 The topic interests me greatly. 这个话题使我大感兴趣。 ◆interesting 指事物 ( 人 ) 本身有趣,在句中可以修饰物,也可以修饰人,可作定语,也可以作表语。 ◆ interested 只能修饰人,表示某人对某物感兴趣,常用结构为 sb. be interested in sth. 。 eg : I am interested in the interesting storybooks. 我对有趣的故事书感兴趣。 【 归纳 】 动词的过去分词形式常用来描述人的心理活动、情感,而现在分词形式常用来描述事物的性质。注意区分下列几组词的含义和用法: interested/interesting , excited/exciting , bored/boring , amazed/amazing 【练一练】 1.The new black car really__ C __Mr.Green a lot.He decided to buy it. A.interest B.interests C.interested D.interesting 2.The story is__ D __and all of us are______in it. A.interest;interesting B.interesting;interest C.interested;interesting D.interesting;interested 3. 他参观了许多名胜古迹,他对故宫感兴趣。 He visited many places of interest. He was interested in the Palace Museum. /He showed interest in the Palace Museum. /The Palace Museum interested him. 4. 我认为你不对。 I don’t think you are right. 5. 你认为多读书对我们有用吗? Do you think it useful for us to read more books? 考点十 I am very busy on Friday. 我星期五很忙。 【 考点精讲 】 时间介词 at, in, on 的用法 ◆ at 指时间时可表示:①时间点、时刻等。 eg : They came home at sunrise (at noon, at midnight, at ten o'clock, at daybreak, at dawn). 他们在日出时 ( 中午、午夜、 10 点、天亮时、黎明 ) 回家。 ②较短暂的一段时间。可指某个节日或被认为是一年中标志大事的日子。 eg : He went home at Christmas (at New Year, at the Spring Festival,at night). 他在圣诞节 ( 新年、春节、夜晚 ) 回家。 ◆in 指时间时可表示:①在某个较长的时间 ( 如世纪、朝代、年、月、季节以及泛指的上午、下午或傍晚等 ) 内,如 in 2004, in March, in spring, in the morning, in the evening 等。 ②在一段时间之后。一般情况下,用于将来时。谓语动词为瞬间动词时, in 意为“在 …… 以后”;谓语动词为延续性动词时, in 意为“在 …… 以内”。 eg : He will arrive in two hours. 他将在两小时后到。 These products will be produced in a month. 这些产品将于一个月内生产。 【练一练】 1.He arrived in Shanghai _ _ D __ 9:30 ________ March 5th. A.in; at B.on; at C.on; at D.at; on 2.Lucy was born __ A __ the night of May 12th, 1984. A.on B.in C.at D.to 3. For many western people , they drink cold water even __ D ___ winter. A. on B. for C. at D. in 过关测试 ( )1. Let’s ________ sports games on TV. A . to watch B . watches C . watch D . Watching C ( )2.Thanks for me with my homework . A. help B. helping C. giving D. give B ( )3. He told us an _______ story and we’re all _______ in it. A. interested; interesting B. interesting; interested C. interesting; interesting D. interested; interested B ( )4. Mary likes _____books while her brother likes _____ sports games on TV. A. watching; looking B. looking; watching C. reading; watching D. seeing; looking C ( )5. The Green family ______ watching TV now. A. is B. are C. was D. were B 八年级下册 Unit 1-4 重点单词 1 、 lie v. 躺,平躺→(过去式) lay → (过去分词) lain → (现在分词) lying 2 、 mean v. 意思是;打算→(过去式) meant → (过去分词) meant → meaning n. 意思 3 、 stomach n. 胃,腹部→(复数) stomachs n. 胃,肚子→ stomachache n. 胃痛,腹痛 4 、 decision n. 决定,抉择 → decide v. 决定→(过去式 / 过去分 词) decided → (现在分词) deciding 5 、 able adj. 有能力的→ disable v. 使丧失能力,使伤残→ 、 disabled adj. 丧失能力的,有残疾的 6 、 throw v. 扔,掷→(过去式) threw → (过去分词) thrown 7 、 borrow v. 借、借用→ lend 借给,借出→(过去式) lent → (过去分词) lent 8 、 develop v. 以展,壮大→ development n. 发展,开发→ developing ad j. 发展中的→ developed adj. 发达的 9 、 fair v. 合理的,公正的→(反) unfair ad j. 不合理的,不公正的→ fairness n. 合理性,公正性 10 、 depend v. 依靠,依赖→ dependent adj. 依赖的,不独立 的→ dependence n 依赖、信赖 11 、 independent adj. 独立的,自主的→ independently adv. 独立地,自主地→ independence n. 独立 12 、 two num. 二→ second n. 秒 adj. 第二的;其次的 → secondly adv. 第二,其次 13 、 compete v. 竞争, 对抗→ competition n. 比赛,竞争→ competitor n. 比赛者,参赛者 14 、 success n. 成功,成功的人(事) → succeed v. 成功→ successful adj. 成功的 → successfully adv. 成功地 15 、 communicate v. 交流,沟通→ communication n. 交流、 沟通→ communicator n. 交流者,通信员 重点短语 1. 感冒 have a cold 2 、胃痛 have a stomachache 3 、发烧 have a fever 4 、躺下休息 lie down and rest 5 、量体温 take one's temperature 6 、休息 take breaks/take a break/have a rest. 7 、使 …… 惊讶的,出于 …… 意料 to one's surprise 8 、陷入困境 get into trouble 9 、习惯做某事 be used to doing sth. 10 、冒险 take risks/take a risk 11 、用尽、耗尽 run out(of) 12 、切除 cut off 13、掌握、管理 be in control of 14、放弃 give up 15、打扫(或清除)干净 clean up 16、(使)应得高兴,振奋起来 cheer up 17、分发,散发 give out/hand out 18、想出,提出(主意,计划,回答等) come up with 19、推迟 put off 20、参加……选拨,试用 try out 21、修理,装饰 fix up 22、赠送,捐赠 give away 23、(外貌或行为)像 take after 24、建立,设立 set up 25、幸亏,多亏 thanks to 26、洗餐具 do the dishes 27、及时 in time 28、作出决定 make a decision/make decisions 29、倒垃圾 take out the rubbish 30、频繁,反复,一直 all the time 31、尽快;……一就…… as soon as 32、目的是,为了 in order to 33、依靠,依赖,取决于 depend on 34、照顾,处理 take care of/look after/care for 35、快速查看,浏览 look through 36、重要的事 big deal 37、成功地发展,解决 work out 38、和睦相处,关系良好 get on with 39、删除,删去 cut out 40、尽本分,尽职责做某事 do one ' s part in doing sth. 41、闲逛,溜达 hang out 42、允许某人做某事 allow sb. to do sth. 43、与某人打架 get into a fight with sb. /have a fight with sb. /fight with sb. 44、生某人的气 be angry with sb/be mad at sb. 45、和某交流、沟通 communicate with sb. 46、和某人竞争 compete with sb. 47、扔下 throw down 48、依我看来 in my opinion 49、介意某人做某事 mind sb. /one’s doing sth. 50、拒绝做某事 refuse to do sth. 1、你怎么了? What ' s the matter with you?/What ' s wrong with you?/What’s the trouble with you? 2、我感觉不舒服。 I don ' t feel well. 3、但让他感到惊讶的是,他们都同意跟他一起去 But to his surprise, they all agreed to go with him. 4、你的帮助让我拥有Lucky 成为可能。 You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky. 5、去年的一天,我的一个朋友帮助我解决了困难 Then one day last year, a friend of mine helped me out. 6、Mario 喜欢动物并且想成为一名兽医。 Mario loves animals and wants to be an animal doctor. 7、Lucky对我的生活产生了很大影响 Lucky makes a big difference to my life. 8、他想出的主意实施的很顺利,取得了好的效果。 The ideas that he came up with worked out fine. 9、请你把垃圾拿出去,好吗? Could you please take out the rubbish? 9、请你把垃圾拿出去,好吗? Could you please take out the rubbish? 10、我一坐到电视机前面,妈妈就走了过来。 My mom came over as soon as I sat down in front of the TV. 11、我和你一样累 I ' m just as tired as you are. 12、我认为孩子学会如何做家务、帮助父母做家务活是很重要的 I think it is important for children to learn how to do chores and help their parents with housework. 13、我父母不允许我和朋友们闲逛。 My parents don ' t allow me to hang out with my friends. 14、你为什么不坐下来和你哥哥谈一下呢? Why don ' t you sit down and communicate with your brother? 15、你害怕在人前讲话。 You are afraid of speaking in front of people. 16、医生们说压力太大对孩子的发展不利。 Doctors say too much pressure is not good for a child ' s development. 17、我可以搭便车吗? Could I get a ride? 精彩段落 Mary is a book lover. She could read by 1 herself (she ) at the age of four. Last year , she decided 2 to try (try) out for a volunteer after-school reading program. She still works there 3 once (one) a work to help kids learn to 4 read (read) .“The kids are 5 sitting (sit) in the library. But you can see in their eyes that they ' re going 6 on a different journey 7 with each new book. 8 Volunteering (volunteer) here is a dream come true for me. I can do 9 what I love to do and help others at the 10 same time. 考点聚焦 考点一 —What's the matter ?怎么啦? —I have a cold. 我感冒了。 【 考点精讲 】 ◆What's the matter ?意为“怎么啦?”,该句通常用来询问出了什么状况,遇到什么困难、烦恼等。类似的表达还有: What's the trouble ?或 What's wrong ?如果表示“某人 ( 物 ) 怎么了?”,我们要在这几种形式后加上 with sb./sth. 。 eg : —What's the trouble/matter with you ?= What's wrong with you ?你怎么了? —I have a stomachache. 我胃疼。 ◆“have + a +症状名词”表示具有某种“病症、症状”,有“患 ……( 病 )” 的意思,其中的不定冠词 a 不可省略。 eg : I have a headache and a cough. 我头疼而且咳嗽。 【练一练】 1. —____ C ____? —I have a headache and I don't feel like eating anything. A.How are you B.What can I do for you C.What's the matter with you D.How do you like it 2.—Tony,what's__ B __matter with you? —I have ______toothache. A.a;the B.the;a C./;the D.the;/ 3.—What's the matter? —I have a__ C __.I have to go to the doctor. A.head B.tooth C.cold D.nose 考点二 Aron ran out of water after three days. 三天后,艾伦把水用完了。 【 考点精讲 】 【 辨析 】run out of, run out ◆run out of 是三个词组成的动词短语,作及物动词用,后接宾语,表示“用完 (use up)” 的主动含义,主语通常是人。 eg : He ran out of gas a mile from home.= He used up gas a mile from home. 他在离家还有一英里的地方把汽油用完了。 ◆run out 是“动词 + 副词”结构的不及物动词短语,表示“被用完了( be used up )”的被动含义,其主语通常是时间、金钱、食物等无生命名词。 eg : Food supplies had run out towards the end of the trip. = Food supplies had been used up towards the end of the trip. 在旅行快结束时,食物已经吃完了。 拓展: run out of 还有“从(某处)流出(跑出)”的意思; run out 也有“流出,跑出”的意思,但其后不能接宾语。如: He ran out of the room. 他跑出了房间。 【练一练】 1. Some people waste too much water.They don't believe that it can __ B __ some day. A.keep out B.run out C.be run out D.run out of 2. 我们已用完了所有的水。 We have already run out of all the water. 3. 墨水用完了。 The ink has run out. 考点三 A lot of old people are lonely. 许多老年人都很孤独。 【 考点精讲 】 【 辨析 】alone/lonely ◆alone 意为“独自;单独”,侧重说明 ( 身体上的 ) 独自一人,没有助手或同伴,没有感情色彩,只表示客观的状态。 ◆lonely 意为“孤独的;寂寞的”,除了指出与其他人隔离这一事实之外,还强调渴望伴侣的那种孤独寂寞的感情。作定语时,还可意为“荒凉的;偏僻的”,多修饰表示物的名词。 eg : Sometimes he feels quite lonely because he has no friends. 有时候他感到非常孤独,因为他没有朋友。 【练一练】 1. His grandparents live__ B __in a small house,but they don't feel______. A.lonely;alone B.alone;lonely C.lonely;lonely D.alone;alone 考点四 Could I borrow that book? 我可以借那本书吗? Could you lend me some money? 你能借我些钱吗? 【 考点精讲 】 本句中的“ Can/Could you please +动词原形 ……?” 意为“你能 …… 吗?”,相当于“ Will/Would you please +动词原形 ……” 该句型常用来向别人有礼貌地提出要求,要求对方做某事或委婉地提出看法。其肯定回答为: OK/Yes/Sure/Of course/No problem 等;否定回答有: Sorry/No , I'm afraid not/I'd love to , but... 等,然后陈述理由。 eg : —Could you please sweep the floor ?请你打扫一下地板,好吗? —Yes , of course. 是的,当然可以。 【 注意 】Can/Could/Will/Would you please 后面接动词原形,其否定形式是在动词原形前加 not 。 eg : Would you please not open the door ?请你不要开门,好吗? 【 辨析 】borrow/lend/keep ◆borrow 表示“借进”,即说话人向别人借东西供自己用,常用于 borrow sth. from sb./somewhere 结构。 eg : He borrowed a dictionary from me yesterday. 昨天他从我这里借了本词典。 ◆lend 表示“借出”,即说话人把自己的东西借给别人用,常用于 lend sth. to sb. 或 lend sb. sth. 结构。 eg : —Can I borrow this book ?我可以借这本书吗? —Yes , but you mustn't lend it to others. 可以,但你不许借给别人。 Can you lend me that book ?你能把那本书借给我吗? ◆ keep 本意为“保存,保留”,引申为“借用”,可以和一段时间及 how long 等连用。 borrow 和 lend 是终止性动词,不能与表示延续性的时间状语连用。 eg : —How long may I keep this book ?这本书我可以借多长时间? —Two weeks. 两周。 【练一练】 1.—Can I__ B __your bike? —With pleasure.But you mustn't______it to others. A.lend;borrow B.borrow;lend C.lend;lend D.borrow;borrow 2.—How long may I__ A __the book? —Just one day.I will return it to Mary tomorrow. A.keep B.borrow C.lend D.kept 3. —Sir,could you please put out your cigarette?This is a smokefree(无烟的)school. —____ A ____ A.I'm sorry about this. B.No problem. C.Sure,I'd love to. D.Never mind. 4. 昨天我从他那里借了一辆自行车。 I borrowed a bike from him yesterday. 5. 你能把那本书借给我几天吗? Can you lend me that book for a few days? 6. 这本书我可以借多长时间? How long may I keep this book? 考点五 They should spend their time on schoolwork in order to get good grades and get into a good university. 他们应该将时间花在学业上,为的是取得好成绩并考上好大学。 【 考点精讲 】 ◆in order to 意为“目的是;为了”,比单纯的 to do 更强调“目的”,可以放在句首,也可以放在句中。其否定形式为 in order not to do ,意为“为了不做 ……” 。 ◆ “in order + that 从句”也可表示“为了,以便”,从句中常用 can, may, could, might 等情态动词。 eg : In order to get a complete picture , further information is needed. 为了掌握全面情况,还需要详细资料。 My father works hard in order that he may support us. 我父亲辛苦地工作是为了养家。 【练一练】 1. Many people give money to Project Hope __ D __ help the poor children to go to school. A.as soon as B.even though C.so that D.in order to 2. He runs very fast _____ B _____be late. A. in order to B. in order not to C. in order that D. in order 考点六 It is the parents’ job to provide a clean and comfortable environment at home for their children. 为孩子提供干净舒适的家庭环境是父母的职责。 【 考点精讲 】 【 辨析 】provide , offer ◆provide 意为“提供;供应”,常用于 provide sb.with sth. 或 provide sth.for sb. 固定搭配中。 ◆offer 意为“提供;给予”,常用于 offer sb.sth. 或 offer sth.to sb. 固定搭配中。另 offer to do sth. 意为“ ( 主动提出 ) 做某事”。 eg : They provided the children with good food and clothing. 他们给孩子们提供了良好的衣服食物。 The manager offers a job to me in his company. 那个经理在他的公司里给我提供了一份工作。 【练一练】 1. Parents often __ D __ their children __ some good advice. A.offer;with B.offer;/ C.provide;with D.both B and C 2. Parents often ___ B ___ good education _____ children. A. offer; for B. offer; to C. send; to D. send; for 3. 昨天他为我们提供了许多帮助。 He provided a lot of help for us yesterday. 4. 她主动提出为妈妈搬重的箱子。 She offered to carry the heavy box for her mother. 考点七 I do not mind doing them. 我不介意做家务。 【 考点精讲 】 mind 动词,意为“介意;在乎”,后常接动名词作宾语,不能接动词不定式。 Would you mind... ?是交际用语中表示“请求”的常用句型,意为“你介意 …… 吗?”其肯定回答 ( 即不介意对方做某事 ) 常用: Not at all./Certainly not./Of course not. 等。否定回答 ( 即介意对方做某事 ) 常用: I'm sorry , but.../I'm afraid you can't./Yes , you'd better not 等。 eg : Do you mind if I open the window ?我打开窗户,你会介意吗? —Would you mind parking your car there ?你介意把车子停到那边吗? —Not at all. 不介意。 【 归纳 】 英语中有些动词只能接动词 ing 形式 ( 或名词 ) 作宾语,而不能用不定式。常见的有: finish 完成 avoid 避免 consider 考虑 feel like 想要 practise 练习 suggest 建议 【练一练】 1. —Would you mind __ C __ the window?It's very hot. —No,not at all. A.open B.to open C.opening D.opened 2. —I want to put up the picture on the wall.Would you mind helping me with it? —__ B __.With pleasure. A.Of course B.Of course not C.You'd better not D.Thanks a lot 3. —Would you mind ___ A ___ now? It's already midnight. —Sorry, I won't. A. not singing B. not to sing C. don't sing D.sing 4. —你介意我在这抽烟吗? — Would you mind my smoking here? /Would you mind if I smoke here? —是的,你最好不要。 — Yes, you ' d better not. —不介意,你抽吧! — No, please do it. 5. 他的态度改变了我的主意。 His attitude changed my mind. 6. 他下定决心要学好英语 He made up his mind to study English well. 考点八 The earlier kids learn to be independent , the better it is for their future. 孩子们越早学会独立,对他们的未来就越好。 【 考点精讲 】 “the +比较级, the +比较级”意思是“越 …… ,越 ……” ,表示两者同时发生变化。 “比较级+ and +比较级”意思是“越来越 ……” ,表示某一事物逐渐发生变化。 eg : The more you eat , the fatter you will be. 吃得越多,你就越胖。 Our country is becoming more and more beautiful. 我们的国家正变得越来越美丽。 【练一练】 1. The weather is becoming __ A __. A.hotter and hotter B.more hot and hot C.hoter and hoter D.more and more hot 2. Keep on. Don't stop. The __ D __ you climb, the ____ you will see. A. highest; farthest B. highly; farther C. high; far D. higher; farther 3. The __ A __ we do for other people,the _____ we will be. A.more;happier B.much;happier C.more;happy D.most;happiest 4. 蔬菜吃得越多,你就越健康。 The more vegetables you eat, the healthier you ' ll be. 5. 你越细心,犯得错误就越少。 The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you ' ll make. 考点九 I have too much homework… 我有太多的作业 …… I have too many after-school classes. 我有太多的课外辅导课。 【 考点精讲 】 【 辨析 】too much/much too/too many ◆too much 修饰不可数名词,也可作副词,放在动词后修饰动词,意为“太多的”。 eg : Every day I have too much homework to do. 我每天有太多的作业要做。 ◆much too 修饰形容词或副词的原级,意为“太”。 eg : He worked the whole afternoon.He was much too tired. 他工作了整个下午。他太累了。 ◆ too many 修饰可数名词的复数形式,意为“太多”。 eg : There are too many people on the street.It's very crowded. 街上有太多的人。非常拥挤。 【练一练】 1.—The meat is__ B __delicious. —Yes,but don't eat______. A.too much;too much B.much too;too much C.too much;much too D.much too;much too 2. The room is too crowed because there are____ B _____ people in it. A. too much B. too many C. much too D. so little 3.街上有很多人,太拥挤了。 There are too many people in the street. It’s much too crowded. 4. 妈妈每天做太多的家务。 My mother does too much housework every day. 考点十 Why don't you talk about these feelings with your family ?你为什么不和你的家人谈谈这些感觉? 【 考点精讲 】 Why don't you… ?表达的意思是“你为什么不 …… ?”,表示肯定的意思 ,是提建议的一种表达方式。其肯定答语为 Good idea ! /OK./Wonderful ! /Great ! /Sounds good !等;其否定答语为 Sorry , but... 等。 eg : Why don't you buy a suit for your husband ?你为何不给你丈夫买一套西服呢? 表示提建议的句型还有: (1)Why not… ?为什么不 …… ? Why not 后接动词原形,该句型是“ Why don't you… ?”的缩写形式,两者表示的意思相同。 eg : Why not learn some Chinese pop songs ?为何不学一些中国的流行歌曲? (2)What/How about… ? …… 怎么样? “ What/How about… ?”表示“ …… 怎么样?” about 是介词,因而此句型后要接名词、代词或 ving ,用来询问对方的情况或征求对方的意见。 eg : What/How about joining the school English club ?加入学校的英语俱乐部怎么样? 【练一练】 1.—Why not__ A __John a toy car for his birthday? —Good idea!He is crazy about cars. A.buy B.buying C.to buy D.buys 2. —Look!It's raining heavily!__ A __ take a raincoat with you? —Well,I'll take one right now. A.Why not B.Why don't C.Would you mind D.Would you like 3. —I don't know __ C __ next. —Why don’t you ________ your teacher for advice? A.what to do;to ask B.how to do;to ask C.what to do;ask D.how to do;ask 4. 当你参观公园时,为什么不要带上相机? Why not take a camera with you when you visit the park ? 过关测试 ( ) 1. ________, Tom escaped from the big fire and was not hurt. To our surprised B. To us surprise C . To our surprising D . To our surprise D ( ) 2. He worked very hard ___________ achieve his dream. in order that B. though C . in order to D. because C ( )3. The old woman is her lost son. worried about B . worry C . worried D . worry about A ( ) 4. The world’s population is getting larger and larger, so scientists will have to _____ new ways to solve the problem. catch up with B. keep up with C . come up with D . make up with C ( ) 5.—Can you tell me why you learn English so well? —It's very simple.____ you work , ________ grades you will get. A . The harder ; the best B . The hard ; the better C . Harder ; better D . The harder ; the better D查看更多