黑龙江省绥化市2019年中考英语试题（解析版）

黑龙江省绥化市2019年中考英语试题（解析版）

黑龙江省绥化市2019年中考英语试题 第一部分 英语知识应用 一、单项选择 ‎1.“________ apple a day keeps the doctor away.” is ________ useful saying .‎ A. An; an B. An; a C. A; a ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】句意：“一天一个苹果，医生远离我”是一个有用的谚语。第一空处译为“一个”。且apple为元音音素开头，用an，排除C；第二空处译为“一个”，且useful为辅音音素开头，用a，故选B。‎ ‎【点睛】a用于以辅音音素开头的单数可数名词前；an用在元音音素开头的单数可数名词前。即：不见元不加an，不看字母看发音。如an hour, a horse, an apple。‎ ‎2.—Are these your socks?‎ ‎—No, ________ are here.‎ A. mine B. my C. me ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】句意“-这些是你的袜子吗？-不，我的在这里”。A.我的（名词性物主代词）；B.我的（形容词性物主代词）；C.我（人称代词宾格）。根据句意可知，空处译为“我的”，排除C。且空后无名词，用名词性物主代词，故选A。‎ ‎3.Uncle Wang often ________ to work by subway.‎ A. going B. go C. goes ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】句意“王叔叔经常乘坐地铁去上班”。A.going去，动名词或现在分词形式； B.go去，动词原形行； C.goes去，动词的单数第三人称形式。根据often可知，用一般现在时，排除A；且主语Uncle Wang为第三人称单数，用goes，故选C。‎ ‎【点睛】与一般现在时连用的时间状语：sometimes, usually, never, always, often; every day / week / month / year / ... ;once/twice/three times a day/week/month/year...‎ ‎4.Light comes in ________ the window.‎ A. across B. cross C. through ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】句意“光透过窗户照了进来”。A.穿过，介词，从表面穿过；B.穿过，动词；C.穿过，介词，从内部穿过。本句话中有动词come，不再使用动词，排除B；根据空后的the window可知，表示“从窗户内部穿过”，故选C。‎ ‎5.Would you like ________ orange juice, Sir?‎ A. many B. some C. any ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】句意“先生，你想要一些橙汁吗？”。A.许多（修饰可数名词复数）；B.用于肯定句中译为“一些”，用于疑问句中表示建议，并希望得到对方肯定回答，译为“一些”；C.用于肯定句中译为“任何”，用于疑问句和否定句中译为“一些”。空后orange juice为不可数名词，不用many修饰，排除A，本句话为疑问句，且表示建议，问他是否想要橙汁，故选B。‎ ‎6.Bill says, “Robinson Crusoe is ________ interesting than Tom Sawyer.”‎ A. very more B. more much C. much more ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】句意“比尔说：鲁滨逊漂流记比汤姆索亚历险记更有趣”。根据句中的than可知，用比较级，very修饰原级，不能修饰比较级，排除A；much可以修饰比较级，interesting的比较级为more interesting，且正确的形式为much more interesting。故选C。‎ ‎【点睛】可以修饰形容词比较级的词：a little, a bit, a lot, much, even, still, far, rather, any等。‎ ‎7.Grace wonders ________ she should do next.‎ A. how B. what C. that ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】句意“格雷斯想知道接下来她应该做什么”。A.如何做，连接副词；B.什么，连接代词；C.that在宾语从句中无意义也不做成份。wonder后接宾语从句，且从句中缺少宾语，用连接代词，译为“做什么”，故选B。‎ ‎8.It’s not good for you to smoke so much, you’d better ________.‎ A. give up it B. give them up C. give it up ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】句意“对于你来说，抽太多的烟是不好的，你最好戒掉它”。give up放弃，在“动词+副词”构成的短语中，若宾语为人称代词宾格，则要将人称代词宾格放中间，即“动词+人称代词宾格+副词”，排除C。且根据smoking可知，不可数名词，用it，故选C。‎ ‎9.A friend in need is a friend indeed. All of us need a friend ________.‎ A. to talk with B. talking with C. to talk ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】句意“患难见真情，我们都需要一个朋友交谈”。根据句意可知，本句话用不定式作后置定语，译为“可以谈话的朋友”，排除B；且talk with“与某人谈话”，talk是不及物动词，故选A。‎ ‎10.I think you’ll miss the train ________ you hurry up.‎ A. if B. and C. unless ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】句意“除非你快点，否则你将错过这个火车”。A.如果（引导条件状语从句）；B.和（表示并列）；C.除非（引导条件状语从句）。根据句意可知，表示“除非你快点”，故选C。‎ ‎11.________ song the little girl sings!‎ A. What a sweet B. How a sweet C. What sweet ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】句意“这个小女孩唱了一首多么甜美的歌啊！”。本题考查感叹句，形容词sweet修饰可数名词单数song，用“what a adj+可数名词单数+主语+谓语”结构，故选A。‎ ‎【点睛】感叹句句型 What+a/an+adj+n（可数名词单数）+主谓 What+adj+n（可数名词复数或不可数名词）+主谓 How+adj/adv+主谓 ‎12.They ________ on the sofa when the telephone ________.‎ A. sit; rang B. were sitting; rang C. sat; was ringing ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】句意“当电话铃响时，他们正坐在沙发上”。when引导的时间状语从句，表示一个动作发生的时候，另一个动作正在发生。根据句意可知，表示过去。过去的时候电话响了，响电话的时候我们正坐在沙发上，所以第一空用过去进行时，第二空用一般过去时。故选B。‎ ‎13.His mother took him to visit the Great Wall on his ________ birthday.‎ A. nine B. nineth C. ninth ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】句意“他的妈妈在他9岁生日时带他去参观长城”。空后birthday生日，可数名词单数，所以空处用序数词，排除A。ninth第九，B选项单词拼写错误。故选C。‎ ‎14.Sally’s home is far from Fun Times Park, so she ________ walks there.‎ A. seldom B. usually C. often ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】句意“萨利的家远离欢乐时光公园，所以她几乎不步行去那”。A.几乎不；B.通常；C.经常。根据Sally’s home is far from Fun Times Park可知，她家离欢乐时光公园很远，所以几乎不走路去那，故选A。‎ ‎15.—________ have you prepared for the competition?‎ ‎—For two months.‎ A. How far B. How long C. How soon ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】句意“-你准备这个竞赛准备了多长时间？-两个月”。A.how far问距离，常与“from...to...”连用；B.多长（问时间长短和长度）；C.多久，常与一般将来时连用，且用“in+一段时间”回答。根据For two months可知，问的是时间长短，用how long，故选B。‎ ‎16.If you take a vacation this summer, so ________ I.‎ A. will B. do C. am ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】句意“如果你这个暑假去度假，我也去”。“so+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语”译为“……也”。根据主将从现原则，if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，故选A。‎ ‎17.Miss Li likes swimming very much and now she ________ on Saturday afternoon.‎ A. used to swim B. is used to swim C. is used to swimming ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】句意“李小姐非常喜欢游泳，现在她习惯于在周六下午游泳”。A.过去常常游泳；B.被用来游泳；C.习惯于游泳。根据now可知，表示现在习惯于周六下午游泳，故选C。‎ ‎18.That ________ be an alien—there’s no such thing!‎ A. might B. must C. can’t ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】句意“那个不可能是外星人，没有这样的东西”。A.可能（表示推测）；B.一定是（表示肯定的推测）；C.一定不是（表示否定的推测）。根据there’s no such thing!“没有这样的东西”可知，表示否定的推测，即“那一定不是外星人”，故选C。‎ ‎19.Eighty percent of the students in this school ________ three to five times a week.‎ A. exercises B. exercise C. exercising ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】句意“在我们学校80%的学生一周锻炼三到五次”。根据three to five times a week“一周三到五次”可知，用一般现在时，排除C；“分数或者百分数+of+名词”作主语，谓语与of后的名词保持一致，即与students保持一致，students为复数，故选B。‎ ‎20.The little boy is crying because his toy ________ by someone a moment ago.‎ A. was broken B. is broken C. broke ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】句意“这个小男孩正在哭，因为他玩具刚刚被某个人破坏了”。A.一般过去时的被动语态；B.一般现在时的被动语态；C.一般过去时。根据a moment ago可知，用过去时，排除B；主语his toy与谓语break之间为被动be done，故选A。‎ 二、完形填空 Rethink, Reuse, Recycle!‎ ‎____21____ can save lots of useful things. Do you often throw away things you don’t need anymore? Have you ever thought about how these things can actually be put to good ____22____? ____23____ is a waste if you have a creative mind.‎ You have probably never heard of Amy Hayes, an unusual woman. She lives in a house in the UK that she built ‎ herself out of rubbish. The windows and doors come from old buildings around her town that were pulled down. The top of the house is an old boat ____24____ upside down. And the gate ____25____ her house is made of rocks and old ____26____. Amy recently ____27____ a prize from the Help Save Our Planet Society, The president said, “Amy is an inspiration to us all.”‎ Wang Tao set up a small business in Shanghai four years ago. He ____28____ using iron and ____29____ materials from old cars to make beautiful art pieces. Some are large pieces that look like animals or humans, and some are smaller pieces you can put at home. The more popular works can even be seen in art shops around the city, Wang Tao hopes to set up a “metal art” theme park ____30____ people the importance of environmental protection. Not only can the art bring happiness to people, but it also shows that even cold, hard iron can be brought back to life with a little creativity.‎ ‎21. A. Recycled B. Recycling C. Recycles ‎22. A. used B. useless C. use ‎23. A. Nothing B. Everything C. Anything ‎24. A. turned B. turn C. turning ‎25. A. in the front of B. in front of C. at the front ‎26. A. glass bottles B. glasses bottles C. glass bottle ‎27. A. beat B. won C. beaten ‎28. A. is known for B. is known as C. is known of ‎29. A. other B. others C. the other ‎30. A. show B. showed C. to show ‎【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. A 29. A 30. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述反思、再利用和循环利用。并列举了艾米海耶斯和王涛的事例告诉我们许多东西都可以重复利用。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 句意“循环利用能够节省许多有用的东西”。本题考查动词的形式。A.一般过去时；B.动名词；D.一般现在时的单数形式。根据空后can save可知，空处用动名词作主语，故选B。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 句意“你曾经想过这些东西如何能被有效利用吗？”。A.用过的；B.没用的；C.使用。根据put sth to good use“充分利用”可知，故选C。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 句意“如果你有创造性的想法，没有什么东西是废物”。A.没有东西；B.每一个东西；C.用于肯定句中译为“任何东西”，用于疑问句和否定句中译为“一些东西”。根据句意可知，如果我们有创造性的思维，就没有什么东西是废物，故选A。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 句意“房屋的顶端是一个倒置的旧船”。本题考查过去分词作后置定语。____ upside down修饰名词old boat，且old boat与turn之间表示被动，用turned，故选A。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 句意“在她房子前的大门是由岩石和玻璃瓶制成的”。in front of在……外部的前面；in the front of在……内部的前面。根据句意可知，大门在房子的前面，而不是内部的前面，故选B。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 句意“在她房子前的大门是由岩石和玻璃瓶制成的”。本题考查名词作定语以及名词单复数。glass作定语修饰bottle，glass不用复数，排除B；根据空前and并列空处与复数rocks，所以空处用复数glass bottles，故选A。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 句意“最近艾米得到一个由“帮助拯救我们的行星社会”颁发的奖”。本题考查动词辨析。A.打败（对手、队伍等）；B.赢得（奖品）；C.打败。根据空后a prize可知，表示“赢得奖品”，故选B。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 句意“他因使用来自旧的汽车上的钢铁和其他的材料来制作漂亮的艺术品而出名”。be known for因……而出名；be known as作为……而出名。根据句意可知，表示“因使用来自旧的汽车上的钢铁和其他的材料来制作漂亮的艺术品而出名”。故选A。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 句意“他因使用来自旧汽车上的钢铁和其他的材料来制作漂亮的艺术品而出名”。A.其他的（后接名词）；B.其他的（后不接名词）；C.两者中另一个。根据句意可知，译为“其他的材料”，空后有名词materials，且没有范围，故选A。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 句意“王涛希望建立一个金属艺术主题公园来向人们展示环境保护的重要性”。根据句意可知，建立金属艺术主题公园的目的是为了向人们展示环保的重要性，表示目的，用to do，故选C。‎ ‎【点睛】做完型填空时，首先要通读课文，明白主旨大意，然后再做题。做完型时要记住“瞻前顾后想结果”这一原则，根据上下文以及语境做题，切忌主观臆断。另外，平时还要多多积累词汇。完型填空常考名词、动词、形容词和副词等辨析。做词义辨析题时，首先要确认四个选项的含义，然后分析语境和逻辑关系，确定答案。‎ 三、情景交际 ‎（A）从方框中选出合适答语（其中有一项是多余的）‎ A. Twenty-six dollars. B. She is tall with big eyes.‎ C. Sorry, I won’t. D. They are watching The Voice of china.‎ E. They read the story books. F. It means you can buy tickets here.‎ ‎31. What does your daughter look like?‎ ‎32. How much are the jeans?‎ ‎33. What are Becky and Bob doing?‎ ‎34. What’s the meaning of the sign “TICKETS”?‎ ‎35. You mustn’t take photos here. It’s not allowed.‎ ‎【答案】31. B 32. A ‎ ‎33. D 34. F ‎ ‎35. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 根据what...look like可知，问的是外貌，结合所给选项，可以答“她很高眼睛很大”，故选B。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 根据how much可知，问的是钱，结合所给选项，可回答“26美元”，故选A。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 根据are和doing可知，问“正在做什么”，用现在进行时，结合所给选项，可回答“他们正在看《中国好声音》”，故选D。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 根据what’s the meaning可知，问的是含义，可回答为“它的意思是你可以在这里买票”，结合选项，故选F。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 根据mustn’t禁止可知，表示“你禁止在这里拍照，这是不允许的”，所以要回答“抱歉，我不会这样做了”，结合所给选项。故选C。‎ ‎（B）完成下列交际用语，词数不限。‎ ‎36. A: ___________________________?‎ B: Yes, S-A-L-A-D, salad.‎ ‎37. A: ___________________________?‎ B: It’s on April 1st, many people play tricks and jokes on each other on that day.‎ ‎38. A: ___________________________?‎ B: The bank is behind the post office.‎ ‎39. A: Could I go to the concert with Tom this evening, mom?‎ B: ___________________________. You must practice playing the violin at home.‎ ‎40. A: ___________________________?‎ B: I like pop music best.‎ ‎【答案】36. ① Can you spell (the word) salad (, please)?‎ ‎② Can you spell it (, please)? ‎ ‎37. ① When is April Fool’s Day? ② When is All Fools’ Day? ③ When is April Fools’ Day? ‎ ‎38. ① (Excuse me/Pardon me,) Where is the bank?‎ ‎② (Excuse me/Pardon me,) Where can I find a/ the bank? ‎ ‎39. ① I’m afraid you can’t. ② Sorry/No, you can’t. ‎ ‎40. ① What kind of music do you like best? ② What kind of music is your favorite?‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 根据yes可知，用一般疑问句，且根据S-A-L-A-D, salad可知，表示“你能拼写沙拉这个单词吗？”，故填① Can you spell (the word) salad (, please)?/② Can you spell it (, please)？‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 根据It’s on April 1st可知，问时间，when当……时候。且根据April 1st可知，4月1日是愚人节，April Fool’s Day愚人节，应问“愚人节是什么时候？”，故填① When is April Fool’s Day? /② When is All Fools’ Day? /③ When is April Fools’ Day?‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 根据The bank is behind the post office“银行在邮局后面”，问地点，用where，即“银行在哪里？”或“在哪里我能找到银行？”。前面也可以加上客套话，如excuse me/pardon me“打扰一下”，故填① (Excuse me/Pardon me,) Where is the bank?/② (Excuse me/Pardon me,) Where can I find a/ the bank?‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 根据Could I go to the concert with Tom this evening, mom?可知，第一个人问他的妈妈他是否能去音乐会。再根据You must practice playing the violin at home可知，他的妈妈说“你必须在家练小提琴”，所以妈妈要回答“恐怕不能”或“不行，你不能”，故填① I’m afraid you can’t. /② Sorry/No, you can’t。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 根据I like pop music best“我最喜欢流行音乐”可知，应问“你最喜欢什么种类的音乐？”，故填① What kind of music do you like best? /② What kind of music is your favorite?‎ ‎（C）根据对话内容，用适当的短语或句子将对话补充完整。‎ ‎ (L—Linda J—Jenny)‎ L: Good morning, Jenny!‎ J: Morning, Linda!‎ L:________________41________________?‎ J: It was great. But it’s a pity that you didn’t come yesterday.‎ L: Thanks for inviting me to your birthday party, but I’m sorry that I had a bad cold.‎ J:________________42________________. How are you feeling now?‎ L: Much better, thanks. What did you have at the party?‎ J: Well, we had many different kinds of food, such as hamburgers, sandwiches and so on.‎ L:________________43________________?‎ J: Yes, we had a chocolate cake.‎ L: ______________44______________?‎ J: We sang and danced. We really had a wonderful time.‎ L: Sounds great!________________45________________. I hope you like it.‎ J: Thank you very much, Linda.‎ ‎【答案】41. How was your birthday party? ‎ ‎42. ① It’s/That’s (really) terrible.‎ ‎② (I am) sorry to hear that.‎ ‎③ (It/That)sounds terrible.‎ ‎④ That’s/It’s too bad. ‎ ‎43. ① Did you have/eat a (birthday) cake?‎ ‎② Did you have /eat any dessert(s)?‎ ‎③ Did you have /eat a cake for your birthday? ‎ ‎44. ① What did you do (at the party)?‎ ‎② What else did you do (at the party)?‎ ‎③ What other things did you do (at the party)? ‎ ‎45. (Here is) a (birthday) present/ gift for you. (写出符合题意的具体礼品名称也可赋分）‎ ‎【解析】‎ 本篇对话难度适中，主要讲述琳达向杰妮表达感谢，感谢杰妮邀请她去参加派对，但是由于琳达生病了，没有去参加派对，并补上了礼物。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 根据It was great“很好”以及Thanks for inviting me to your birthday party“感谢你邀请我去参加你的生日派对”可知，应问“你的生日派对怎么样？”，故填How was your birthday party?‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 根据but I’m sorry that I had a bad cold可知，琳达说“我得了重感冒”，杰妮应该说“真糟糕”或“听到这个我很抱歉”，故填① It’s/That’s (really) terrible./② (I am) sorry to hear that./③ (It/That)sounds terrible. /④ That’s/It’s too bad。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 根据Yes可知，用一般疑问句，且根据we had a chocolate cake“我们吃了巧克力蛋糕”可知，应问“你们吃（生日）蛋糕了吗？”或者“你们吃甜食了吗？”，故填① Did you have/eat a (birthday) cake?/② Did you have ‎ /eat any dessert(s)?/③ Did you have /eat a cake for your birthday?‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 根据We sang and danced可知，应问“你们在派对上做什么事情了？”或者“你们在派对上还做其他的事情了吗？”。故填① What did you do (at the party)?/② What else did you do (at the party)?/③ What other things did you do (at the party)?‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 根据I hope you like it“我希望你喜欢它”以及Thank you very much, Linda“谢谢你，琳达”可知，琳达要送给杰妮礼物，“给你礼物”，或者写具体的礼物也可以。故填(Here is) a (birthday) present/ gift for you. (写出符合题意的具体礼品名称也可赋分）。‎ 四、综合运用 ‎（A）用所给词的适当形式填空（词数不限）‎ ‎46. Ma Long is one of ________ (famous) ping-pong players in the world.‎ ‎47. Peter looks forward to ________ (get) on well with his new friends.‎ ‎48. Jill cooked and ________ (lay)out the dishes on the table.‎ ‎49. It’s ________ (say) that the pianist will come to our city next week.‎ ‎50. Everyone thinks he is a ________ (luck) dog.‎ ‎51. The boy could dress ________ (he) at the age of four.‎ ‎52. We are not expected ________ (arrive) late when we have a meeting ‎【答案】46. the most famous ‎ ‎47. getting ‎ ‎48. laid 49. said ‎ ‎50. lucky 51. himself ‎ ‎52. to arrive ‎【解析】‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 句意“马龙是世界上最著名的乒乓球运动员之一”。根据one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数“最……之一”可知，空处用形容词最高级，famous的最高级为most famous，且形容词最高级前加the，故填the most famous。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 句意“彼得期待与他的新朋友相处得好”。根据look forward to doing“期待做某事”可知，空处用doing，故填getting。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 句意“吉尔做饭，并将盘子摆放在桌子上”。根据空前and可知，空处与cooked并列，用一般过去时，lay out摆放，故填laid。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 句意“据说这个画家下周会来我们的城市”。根据空前it作形式主语，真正的主语为that the pianist will come to our city next week，且根据空前is可知，表示被动，it is said that“据说”，故填said。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 句意“每个人都认为他是一个幸运儿”。根据空后dog可知，空处用形容词。lucky幸运的，故填lucky。‎ ‎【51题详解】‎ 句意“这个小孩四岁时可以自己穿衣服”。根据句意可知，译为“穿衣服”。dress oneself，故填himself。‎ ‎【52题详解】‎ 句意“当我们有会议时，我们不期望迟到”。根据expect to do“期望做某事”可知，故填to arrive。‎ 改错（每小题只有一处错误，保持句意不变。）‎ ‎53. ‎ ‎54. ‎ ‎55. ‎ ‎56. ‎ ‎57. ‎ ‎【答案】53. C—open ‎ ‎54. B—Gina and Tina’s ‎ ‎55. A—happened ‎ ‎56. C—did 57. C—who/ that ‎【解析】‎ ‎【53题详解】‎ 句意：今天天气很热，请把窗户打开。keep doing连续不断地做某事，keep adj保持某种状态。根据句意可知，表示“让窗户保持开着的状态”，所以用形容词，故将C项中的opening变为open。‎ ‎【54题详解】‎ 句意：这是吉娜和蒂娜分别拥有的房间，很小但是很整洁。根据bedroom单数可知，表示“吉娜和蒂娜两人共有的房间，只要在最后一个名词上加’s即可，故将B项中Gina’s and Tina’s改为Gina and Tina’s。‎ ‎【55题详解】‎ 句意：前天他发生什么事了？happen发生，不及物动词，无被动形式，直接用what happened to him。故将A项中的was happened改为happened。‎ ‎【56题详解】‎ 句意：麦克上个寒假几乎不出来闲逛，对吧？本题考查反意疑问句。根据hung out可知，用一般过去时，反意疑问句遵循“前肯后否，前否后肯原则”，陈述句有hardly，表示否定，疑问句用肯定did he，故将C的doesn’t改为did。‎ ‎【57题详解】‎ 句意：我想要祝贺今天到场的所有学生。本句话为定语从句，先行词为students，指人，which在指物，在从句中作主语或宾语，而that指人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语或表语，who指人，在从句中作主语或宾语。先行词在从句中作主语，用that/who，故将C中的which改为who/that。‎ ‎（C）根据句意或中文提示完成下列句子（每空一词）‎ ‎58. This is a ________ (40页的) magazine.‎ ‎59. We have a P.E. class every ________ (星期五).‎ ‎60. If we continue to pull ________, I believe we can solve the problem soon.‎ ‎61. I ________ (发送) an e-mail to my pen pal in England once a week.‎ ‎62. Joe can’t speak Chinese. John can’t speak it, ________.‎ ‎【答案】58. 40-page/forty-page ‎ ‎59. Friday 60. together ‎ ‎61. send 62. either ‎【解析】‎ ‎【58题详解】‎ 句意“这是一个四十页的杂志”。空处作定语修饰magazine，用连词符。40-page/forty-page 40页的，且page不用复数，故填40-page/forty-page。‎ ‎【59题详解】‎ 句意“我们周五有一节体育课”。Friday星期五，且开头字母要大写。故填Friday ‎【60题详解】‎ 句意“如果我们继续同心协力，我相信不久我们就会解决这个问题”。根据句意可知，译为“同心协力”。pull together同心协力。故填together ‎【61题详解】‎ 句意“我每周向在英国的笔友发一封邮件”。send发送，且根据once a week可知，用一般现在时，故填send。‎ ‎【62题详解】‎ 句意“乔不能说中文，约翰也不能”。根据句意可知，译为“也不能”，且根据空前can’t可知，表示否定，either用于否定句句末，故填either。‎ ‎（D）英汉互译 ‎63. 我能给他捎个口信吗？‎ ‎64. 学生们不能忍受太多的家庭作业。‎ ‎65. Use it or lose it.‎ ‎66. To be honest, I don’t like the color at all.‎ ‎67. His face was always pale as chalk ‎【答案】63. May /Could / Can I take a message for him? ‎ ‎64. (The)students can’t stand(doing) too much homework. ‎ ‎65. 用进废退/不用则废/要么使用，要么丧失/不用就作废。 ‎ ‎66. 说实话/老实说/说实在的，我一点也不/根本不喜欢这个颜色。 ‎ ‎67. 他总是面色苍白/惨白。‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【63题详解】‎ 根据问号以及句意可知，是一般疑问句，一般疑问句将be/助动词/情态动词提前，can/may/could表示请求，take a message捎个口信。故填May /Could / Can I take a message for him？‎ ‎【64题详解】‎ stand忍受，后接sth/doing sth，can’t不能，homework家庭作业，不可数名词，用too much修饰，故填(The)students can’t stand(doing) too much homework。‎ ‎【65题详解】‎ use使用，or或者，lose失去，字面意义为要么使用，要么失去。可以译为“用进废退”、“不用则废”、“要么使用，要么丧失”、“不用就作废”，故填用进废退/不用则废/要么使用，要么丧失/不用就作废。‎ ‎【66题详解】‎ to be honest说实话、老实说、说实在的；not...at all一点也不，故填说实话/老实说/说实在的，我一点也不/根本不喜欢这个颜色。‎ ‎【67题详解】‎ always总是，pale苍白的，as像，chalk粉笔，表示“他的脸总是像粉笔一样苍白”，可意译为他总是面色苍白/惨白。故填“他总是面色苍白/惨白”。‎ 五、句型转换，‎ 按要求变化下列各句。‎ ‎68. He cut the watermelon into four pieces. (改为一般疑问句)‎ ‎________ he ________ the watermelon into four pieces?‎ ‎69. We need two tomatoes to make Russian soup. (对画线部分提问)‎ ‎________ ________ tomatoes do you need to make Russian soup?‎ ‎70. Steve left his hometown five years ago. (改为同义句)‎ Steve ________ ________ away from his hometown for five years.‎ ‎71. John runs very fast. No one can catch up with him in his class. (合并为一个句子)‎ John runs ________ fast ________ no one can catch up with him in his class.‎ ‎【答案】68. (1). Did (2). cut ‎ ‎69. (1). How (2). many ‎ ‎70. (1). has (2). been ‎ ‎71. (1). so (2). that ‎【解析】‎ ‎【68题详解】‎ 变为一般疑问句，将be动词/助动词/情态动词提前，本句话对动词cut进行提问，用助动词，且根据第一句话可知，用一般过去时did，且助动词后用动词原形，空位于句首，故填Did和cut。‎ ‎【69题详解】‎ 对划线two进行提问，问数量，且tomatoes为可数名词，用how many，空位于句首，故填How many。‎ ‎【70题详解】‎ 根据for可知，用现在完成时have/has done。left为瞬间动词，不能与一段时间连用，所以可将瞬间动词leave变为延续性动词be away。主语为Steve，故填has been。‎ ‎【71题详解】‎ 根据题干可知，题干译为“约翰跑得非常快”和“在他们班没有人能追上他”。两句话可以合并为“约翰跑得如此地快以至于在他们班没有人能追上他”。可以用so...that...如此……以至于……结构，故填so和that。‎ 第二部分 阅读理解 六、阅读理解 ‎(A)‎ A Trip to Sunshine Island Day 1 (Oct 6)‎ ‎9: 00 Meet at Red Star Airport ‎→ The old Town ‎→Great Bridge ‎→The Historical House ‎12: 30 Lunch (The famous fish dinner)‎ ‎→Windmill Park ‎→Turtle watching Day 2 (Oct7)‎ ‎9: 00 Breakfast (At hotel)‎ ‎→ Rose mountain ‎12:30 Lunch (A BBQ)‎ ‎→Waterside Farm ‎→Back ‎18: 00 End at Green Bush Airport ‎→Sunset on the beach ‎18:00 Dinner (Rice noodles)‎ ‎→Rainbow Bridge ‎→Hotel Cost: $200 each person PS1: If you book this trip before Farmers’ Harvest Festival (Sept. 23), you can get 20% off.‎ PS2: Kids under 9 are free 根据短文内容，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出一个最佳答案 ‎72. What will tourists have for supper on Day 1?‎ A. Rice noodles B. A BBQ C. Fish ‎73. What will tourists do after breakfast on Oct 7?‎ A. Visit Great Bridge B. Climb Rose Mountain C. Go to Waterside Farm ‎74. Mr. Li with his parents will visit Sunshine Island. If he books the trip on Sept. 24, how much should he pay?‎ A. $600 B. $160 C. $480‎ ‎75. How will tourists leave Sunshine Island?‎ A. By train B. By boat C. By plane ‎76. What’s the purpose of the text?‎ A. To help people choose an interesting place.‎ B. To give some funny facts about Sunshine Island C. To introduce a trip plan of Sunshine Island.‎ ‎【答案】72. A 73. B 74. A 75. C 76. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述为期两天的阳光岛屿旅行的行程安排。‎ ‎【72题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Day 1 (Oct 6)中的18:00 Dinner (Rice noodles)可知，晚餐吃米线，故选A。‎ ‎【73题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Day 2 (Oct7)中的9: 00 Breakfast (At hotel)→ Rose mountain可知，早餐结束后去爬玫瑰山，故选B。‎ ‎【74题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Cost: $200 each person以及PS1: If you book this trip before Farmers’ Harvest Festival (Sept. 23), you can get 20% off可知，每人200，李先生和他的父母，三个人。且他们的票是9月24日买的，而只有9月23日买才打折，所以他们要支付600元，故选A。‎ ‎【75题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Day 2 (Oct7)中的→Back 18: 00 End at Green Bush Airport可知，在布什绿色机场结束，所以他们坐飞机回来，故选C。‎ ‎【76题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据全文可知，主要讲述为期两天的旅行，他们每一天要做的事情都列在上面，所以主要是为了介绍阳光岛屿的旅行计划。故选C。‎ ‎【点睛】细节理解题是考试时经常考查的一个题型。做细节理解题时，首先要先读题干，划题干中的关键词，再根据关键词定位至文中即可找到正确答案。例如第一题。根据题干supper on Day 1可知，定位至Day 1 (Oct 6)中的18:00 Dinner (Rice noodles)可知，晚餐吃米线，故选A。‎ ‎(B)‎ Confidence (自信) is very important in daily life. It can help you develop a healthy attitude. ____77____. They may have more chances to become successful. But how can we be more confident? Here are some suggestions.‎ Speak louder When you are not confident, it’s hard for you to do things well. You speak in such a low voice that people can hardly hear you. ____78____. Your voice can help you become more confident.‎ ‎____79____‎ Write down a list of things you did during the day to see how many things you did well. Did you finish your task? Did you tell a joke that made everybody laugh? Give yourself praise for the good things you’ve done.‎ Get rid of fear ‎____80____. But it’s easy to overcome if you understand that failure is a part of life. Don’t hide in your head just ‎ because you said something stupid once. Try to start again and believe you can do better.‎ Pick up a hobby If you like singing, sing as much as you can. ____81____. And it will make you happy and confident.‎ 根据短文内容，从下列选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ A. In some ways, a hobby can make you outstanding (杰出).‎ B. You should speak often to get more speaking chances.‎ C. A study shows that people who are more confident are much happier.‎ D. Fear goes along with failure.‎ E Encourage yourself.‎ F. Try to speak loud enough so that people can hear you clearly.‎ G. A hobby can sometimes become a bad thing.‎ ‎【答案】77. C 78. F ‎ ‎79. E 80. D ‎ ‎81. A ‎【解析】‎ 本篇文章难度适中，主要就我们如何更加自信给出一些建议。‎ ‎【77题详解】‎ 根据Confidence (自信) is very important in daily life. It can help you develop a healthy attitude可知，自信在我们的日常生活中是非常重要的，它能够帮助我们培养健康的态度，所以一个研究表明，自信的人会更加开心，故选C。‎ ‎【78题详解】‎ 根据标题Speak louder以及Your voice can help you become more confident“你的声音能够让你变得更加自信”可知，空处表示“尽量足够大声地说话，目的是人们能够清楚地听到你的声音”，故选F。‎ ‎【79题详解】‎ 根据文章结构可知，空处要填一个小标题。且根据Speak louder、Get rid of fear以及Pick up a hobby可知，要以动词原形开头。根据Give yourself praise for the good things you’ve done“为自己所做的好事表扬自己”可知，要鼓励自己，故选E。‎ ‎【80题详解】‎ 根据空后But 可知，表示转折，且根据it’s easy to overcome if you understand that failure is a part of life ‎“如果你能理解失败就是你生活中的一部分，克服它们就很容易”以及标题Get rid of fear可知，表示“恐惧伴随着失败”。故选D。‎ ‎【81题详解】‎ 根据标题Pick up a hobby可知，人们应该有爱好。且根据And it will make you happy and confident“它将让你高兴和自信”可知，所以空处表示“在某些方面，爱好可以让你变得杰出”，故选A。‎ ‎(C)‎ An old man went to India. When he got there, he saw a lot of fruit for sale, but much of it was very expensive. Only a big basket of red fruit was cheap.‎ ‎“How much per kilo?” the old man asked.‎ ‎“Two rupees (卢比),” the shopkeeper answered. Two rupees in India is almost nothing. So the old man bought a kilogram and started eating them.‎ However, as soon as he started eating, his mouth began to burn, his eyes began to water and his whole face became as red as the fruit. As he coughed and struggled to breathe, he jumped up and down, screaming (尖叫), “Ah! Ah! Ah!”‎ And then he continued to eat the “fruit”!‎ Some people saw him and said, “Those are chili peppers (红辣椒)! You can’t just eat them by the handful (一大把)!”‎ The old man said, “I paid for them, so I must eat them.”‎ This old man must seem pretty stupid. But are we a lot smarter? In our life, all of us have put money, time and effort into something—maybe a relationship or a job—and sometimes, even if we know there’s no hope that things will get better, we still continue with it. Why? Because we’ve put in all that money, time and effort.‎ What we can learn from the old man is this: if you’ve lost a lot for something that doesn’t work, let it go and move on. It’s better than continuing losing.‎ 根据短文内容判断对错，对的为“T”，错的为“F”。‎ ‎82. The old man bought a kilogram of chili peppers because of the beautiful color.‎ ‎83. Two rupees doesn’t mean a lot of money in India.‎ ‎84. The old man continued eating because he was too hungry to stop.‎ ‎85. The writer compares something in our life like a relationship or a job to the chili peppers in the story.‎ ‎86. The story wants to tell us that sometimes we need to give up wisely.‎ ‎【答案】82. F 83. T ‎ ‎84. F 85. T ‎ ‎86. T ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述一个人花了2卢比买了一公斤辣椒，他开始吃辣椒，人们见到他很难受，劝他不要吃了，而这个男人却说，我已经花了钱了，我必须吃它们。通过这个故事作者引申到现实生活中，我们已经在某件事上投入了时间精力，即使我们知道没有希望变得更好，然而我们还是继续，因为我们投入了时间、金钱等。最后作者告诉我们一个道理：有时候我们需要明智地放弃。‎ ‎【82题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据When he got there, he saw a lot of fruit for sale, but much of it was very expensive. Only a big basket of red fruit was cheap可知，当他到达那里时，他看到有许多水果在出售，但是大部分都很贵，只有一篮子红色的水果比较便宜，所以他买辣椒不是因为它们有漂亮的颜色，而是因为他们很便宜，故填F。‎ ‎【83题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Two rupees in India is almost nothing可知，两卢比在印度几乎一文不值，所以在印度两卢比并不意味这那是许多钱，故填T。‎ ‎【84题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据The old man said, “I paid for them, so I must eat them.”可知，这个老人说我花钱买他们所以必须要吃光，所以并不是因为他很饿，故填F。‎ ‎【85题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据In our life, all of us have put money, time and effort into something—maybe a relationship or a job—and sometimes, even if we know there’s no hope that things will get better, we still continue with it. Why? Because we’ve put in all that money, time and effort可知，在我们的日常生活中，我们所有人都将钱、时间和努力放到一些东西上，可能是关系或者工作，尽管我们知道没有希望将事情变得更好，但是我们仍然继续，为什么？我们已经将钱、时间和努力投入到里面了，所以作者把我们生活中的一些事情，比如一段感情或一份工作，比作故事中的辣椒。故填T。‎ ‎【86题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据if you’ve lost a lot for something that doesn’t work, let it go and move on. It’s better than ‎ continuing losing可知，如果你为一件不成功的事情失去了很多，那就让它过去，继续前进，总比继续输好。所以作者告诉我们要明智地放弃，故填T。‎ ‎【点睛】“正误判断型阅读理解题”解题思路：‎ ‎（1）阅读原文，捕捉信息。理解大意。先通读原文，捕捉文中所提供的信息，抓住文章大意，理清全文脉络。‎ ‎（2）审读题目，找出相关的依据。读懂短文内容再读题目，把握每一个待判定句子的含义，通过寻读法在原文中找出每一个问题相关的段落与词句，然后依据短文内容对试题所给出的句子进行是非判断。‎ ‎（3）重读短文，逐题复核，检查无误。完成正误判断后必须将短文重复一遍，以加深对短文的理解，在此基础上再对每一道题进行复查，对一些似是而非的句子，一定要重新认真识别。‎ ‎(D)‎ Maybe You Should Learn to Relax!‎ These days, Chinese children are sometimes busier on weekends than weekdays because they have to take so many after-school classes. Many of them are learning exam skills so that they can get into a good high school and later a good university. Others are practicing sports so that they can compete and win. However, this doesn’t only happen in China.‎ Doctors say too much pressure is not good for a child’s development. Dr Alice Green says all these activities can cause a lot of stress for children. “Kids should have time to relax and think for themselves, too. It’s normal to want successful children, but it’s more important to have happy children.”‎ 根据短文内容结合生活实际完成下列各题。‎ ‎87. 单词释义（请在文中找出与下面英文释义相符的单词）‎ a test at school or college to see how much you know about a subject ___________________________‎ ‎88. Do you often take after-school classes on weekends? ‎ ‎___________________________.‎ ‎89. What do you often do when you are under pressure?‎ I often ___________________________. (答出两种即可)‎ ‎【答案】87. exam ‎ ‎88. Yes. /Yes, I do. 或 No. /No, I don’t ‎ ‎89. do sports and/or read books. (listen to music, go shopping, talk to parents...)‎ ‎【解析】‎ 本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述如今的小孩有太大的压力。专家指出太大的压力对小孩的成长不好，所以我们应该学会放松。想要成功的孩子很普遍，但是有快乐的孩子更重要。‎ ‎【87题详解】‎ 根据a test at school or college to see how much you know about a subject 可知，在中学或大学里进行的测试，看你对一门学科了解多少，与exam考试一致，故填exam。‎ ‎【88题详解】‎ 开放性试题。根据问句可知，是一般疑问句，用yes或no回答，参考答案为Yes. /Yes, I do. 或 No. /No, I don’t。‎ ‎【89题详解】‎ 开放性试题。主要回答你是如何减压即可，根据often可知，用一般现在时，且答出两种。参考答案为do sports and/or read books. (listen to music, go shopping, talk to parents...)。‎ ‎(E)‎ Living in a different culture can be a both exciting and challenging (挑战性的) experience. You have to lean different cultures and try to get used to them. Let’s share some cultural differences between China and the US to help understand each other.‎ Pay (隐私) — Chinese people talk about subjects such as ages and income (收入), which Americans think is not polite.‎ Families — In China, elders are traditionally treated with respect (尊重). In America, the goal of the family is to encourage independence (独立), especially that of the children. Unlike the Chinese, few elder Americans live with their children.‎ Friends — Chinese people have different understanding of “friends”. In China, “friendship” means a lifelong relationship between friends who think it’s their duty to give each other any help. Americans always call people they meet friends.‎ Money — The Chinese like saving money. They are always careful when they are planning to spend money. It is different in America, where far fewer families are saving money.‎ Education — Chinese people value education and jobs more than Americans do, who pay more attention to good nature instead.‎ 根据短文内容回答下列各题 ‎90. Who often talks about ages and income, Chinese people or Americans?‎ ‎91. In China, many elders live with their children, don’t they?‎ ‎92. Do Americans have the same understanding of “friends” as Chinese people?‎ ‎93. What do Chinese people value more than Americans do?‎ ‎94. What does the passage mainly talk about?‎ ‎【答案】90. Chinese people. ‎ ‎91. Yes. /Yes, they do. ‎ ‎92. No. /No, they don’t. ‎ ‎93. (Chinese people value) education and jobs (more than Americans do). ‎ ‎94. (It talks about) some cultural differences between China and the US/ America.‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述中美文化中的一些差别。包括隐私、家庭、朋友、钱以及教育等。‎ ‎【90题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Chinese people talk about subjects such as ages and income (收入), which Americans think is not polite可知，中国人谈论年龄或收入等主题，而美国人认为这是不礼貌的，所以中国人经常谈论年龄和收入，故填Chinese people。‎ ‎【91题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Unlike the Chinese, few elder Americans live with their children可知，不像中国人，几乎没有年长的美国人和他们的孩子住在一起，所以中国的许多老人和孩子住在一起，故填Yes. /Yes, they do。‎ ‎【92题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Chinese people have different understanding of “friends”. In China, “friendship” means a lifelong relationship between friends who think it’s their duty to give each other any help. Americans always call people they meet friends可知，中国人对朋友有不同的理解。在中国，友谊意味着朋友之间的终身关系，他们认为互相帮助是他们的责任。美国人总是把他们遇到的人称为朋友。所以中国人和美国人关于朋友的理解不一样。故填No. /No, they don’t。‎ ‎【93题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Chinese people value education and jobs more than Americans do, who pay more attention to ‎ good nature instead可知，中国人比美国人更重视教育和工作，而美国人更注重良好的天性。所以中国人更加注重教育和工作，故填(Chinese people value) education and jobs (more than Americans do)。‎ ‎【94题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据Let’s share some cultural differences between China and the US to help understand each other以及下文中的Pay，Families，Friends，Money以及Education可知，主要讲述中美两国文化差异，故填(It talks about) some cultural differences between China and the US/ America。‎ ‎【点睛】问答型阅读理解做题方法：‎ ‎（1）快速通读课文，掌握文章大意。‎ 浏览完题目后，带着问题快速通读全文，对文章的大意有一个初步的了解，同时找到文章中的关键句，并确定第二遍细读的重点部分，对于不影响理解和做题的部分可以一带而过，更不必在个别词上花时间。‎ ‎（2）提取有效信息，根据题目要求进行改写。‎ 在速度短文后，再回头看题后的问题。这时，能一锤定音的答案就先写好，不能马上确定的答案，根据第一遍速读时的印象到原文中找相关的信息，再进行推敲。尽管有相当的一部分题在原文中能找到答案，不需要推敲，但是大多数还是需要大家进行改写和重组的。‎ ‎（3）仔细推敲，认真复查 做完题目后，要立足整体，将完成后的句子再通读一遍，看看所改写的句子是否流畅，语句是否通顺。同时还要照顾原文，看看答案是否与原文意义相符，时态一致。确保答案正确，大小写无误，语法正确，逻辑合理。‎ 第三部分 写作 七、写作 ‎95.请仔细观察下面的图片，并根据所给提示和要求写一篇80词左右的短文。‎ 提示：‎ ‎（1） What are the boys doing in the pictures?‎ ‎（2）What do you think of them?‎ ‎（3） As a student, what else (其他的) can you do to become an excellent teenager (优秀的青少年)?‎ 要求：‎ ‎（1） 短文须包括所有提示内容，可适当发挥。‎ ‎（2） 语句通顺，意思连贯，书写工整。‎ ‎（3） 文中不得出现任何真实信息（姓名、校名、地名等）。 ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【答案】‎ The boy in Picture I is visiting sick children in the hospital, and the other boy is helping do the dishes in Picture 2. Both of them are good boys. I should learn from them. I can also do many other things to be an excellent teenager.‎ In daily life, I must follow the rules in public. At school, I am supposed to study hard and respect teachers. It’s necessary for me to listen to the teachers carefully in class. At home, it’s my duty to care for parents and understand them. When my friends are in trouble, I should give them a hand and help each other.‎ If I try my best, I am sure I can become an excellent teenager.‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】本文属于图画作文，描绘图片的内容并评价他们，最后讲述如何成为优秀的青少年。根据要表达的内容确定并准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑，可适当增加内容。‎ 亮点说明：这是一篇优秀的作文，很好的完成了试题规定的任务，语言表达符合英语习惯，准确运用时态、主谓一致，特别使用一些亮点词句，如both of them, learn from, daily life, follow the rules, be supposed to, it is adj for sb to do sth, it’s duty to, be in trouble, give sb a hand等，增强逻辑关系，增加上下文意思连贯，用词准确，句子通顺，行文连贯。‎ ‎【点睛】写作时可以从以下几个方面做起：‎ 认真审题。审好题是写好书面表达的关键。审题时要注意试题的要求，抓住要点，词数符合要求。‎ 构思提纲。有了提纲，我们就可以根据提纲和主题确定相关的写作材料。通常书面表达给出的话题是开放的，而具体的内容要求学生自己发挥，因此选择恰当的素材也是使短文中心突出、明确的关键。‎ 初写短文。一切都准备就绪，就可以动笔写作了，在写作的过程中我们要注意句子的准确性、连贯性以及简洁性。使用的词语、短语及句型尽量用自己有把握的词。同时还要注意使用恰当的连词，使句子衔接自然。‎ 修改润色。修改润色是获取高分的必要步骤。这一步我们除了检查短文的各种错误外，还要检查语法结构是否合理，有无重复、啰嗦的语言，大小写是否正确，格式是否正确，词数是否符合要求等。‎