2015年中考真题精品解析 英语（哈尔滨卷）（解析版）

2015年中考真题精品解析 英语（哈尔滨卷）（解析版）

黑龙江省哈尔滨市2015年初中升学考试英语试卷 ‎ 考生须知：‎ ‎ 1．本试卷满分为100分，考试时间为100分钟。‎ ‎ 2．答题前，考生先将自己的“姓名”、“考号”、“考场”、“座位号”在答题卡上填写清楚，将“条形码”准确粘贴在条形码区域内。‎ ‎ 3．请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题纸上答题无效。‎ ‎ 4．选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。‎ ‎ 5．保持卡面整洁，不要折叠、不要弄脏、不要弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。‎ ‎ 第Ⅰ卷 ‎ 一、单项选择（本题共20分，每小题1分）‎ ‎ 选择最佳答案。‎ ‎1. Boys and girls, believe in yourselves. The you are, the better grades you’II get.‎ ‎ A. more careful B. more carefully C. most carefully ‎ 2. What good news! Our school band (乐队)will play at Harbin Summer Concert in August.‎ ‎ A. a B. the C. /‎ 不确定的一个，相当于中文的“一个”。定冠词和名词连用，表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。news 消息，是一个不可数名词，所以选C。‎ ‎【考点定位】考查冠词。‎ ‎3. —Our class will have a party the evening of June 30th. Would you like to come?‎ ‎ —Yes, I'd love to, but I'm going to visit my grandparents in Dalian.‎ ‎ A. in B. on C. at ‎ 4. Our government has tried many ways to the smog(雾霾)problem. Maybe we'll have a clear sky in the near future.‎ ‎ A. put away B. work out C. come up ‎ 5. Health is important for us teenagers, so we should eat more vegetables such as ‎ ‎ to keep healthy.‎ ‎ A. tomatoes and potatoes B. tomatos and potatos C. tomatos and potatoes ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：对我们青少年来说健康是很重要的，所以为了保持健康我们应该多吃一些蔬菜，例如西红柿和土豆。tomato西红柿，它的复数形式为tomatoes；potato土豆，它的复数形式为potatoes。 所以选A。‎ ‎【考点定位】考查名词的复数形式。‎ ‎6. the winter in Harbin is rather cold, the city is still attractive to the visitors throughout the world.‎ ‎ A. Although B. But C. So ‎ 7. As middle school students, we be afraid of difficulties if we want to make our dreams come true.‎ ‎ A. must B. shouldn't C. need ‎ 8. It was such a long way that they didn't the hotel until it became dark.‎ ‎ A. reach B. arrive C. get ‎ 9. Language learning isn't hard itself. The attitude you have decides if you can learn it well at last.‎ ‎ A. what B. who C. which ‎【答案】C ‎ 10. It's my time to come to the bookstore this month because most of the books in it are my favorite.‎ ‎ A. forth B. four C. fourth ‎ 11. - Could you tell me ？ [来源:.Com]‎ ‎ - You' d better keep a diary in English as often as possible.‎ ‎ A. when I can improve my written English ‎ B. how I can improve my written English ‎ C. if can I improve my written English ‎ 12. Doing eye exercises one of the useful ways to protect our eyes.‎ A. is B. are C. were ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：做眼保健操是保护眼睛的有效方法之一。is是，适用于第三人称单数；are 是，适用于第二人称单数和所有的复数；were是，是are的过去式。本句主语Doing eye exercises是动名词短语，谓语动词该用第三人称单数形式，所以选A。‎ ‎【考点定位】考查主谓一致。[来源:]‎ ‎13. I wonder when Subway Ⅱ in Harbin . When the day comes, I' ll spend less time going to school every day.‎ ‎ A. is finish B. will be finished C. was finished ‎ 14. I a camera two weeks ago but I haven't had a chance to use it.‎ ‎ A. have bought B. bought C. will buy ‎ 15. In western countries, when your friend offers (提供 )you something, you can accept it directly(直接地), or refuse it politely. Therefore, which situation fits the western custom?‎ A: Help yourself to some fish.‎ ‎ A. At a restaurant B: No. I don 't like eating fish at all.‎ ‎ A: Here's a present for you.‎ B .At your birthday party ‎ B: I don't need it. You shouldn't spend so much money.‎ ‎ 　 A: Would you like something to drink, beer or wine?‎ ‎ C. At a bar ‎ B: A glass of beer, please.‎ ‎ 16. Safety must come first. During the coming summer vacation, some of us may travel to other places. To keep safe during the journey, we should . .‎ ‎ ①avoid eating raw(生的)and cold food ‎ ②obey the local traffic rules ‎ ③swim in the dangerous area ‎ ④never stretch our hands out of the window when taking a bus ‎ ⑤ tell strangers our personal information ‎ A.①③⑤ B. ②④⑤ C.①②④‎ ‎ 17. We have made a survey among 1,000 students from a middle school about their favorite food. _ students like fruits according to the form.‎ Kind of food Chocolate Banana Cookie Apple Percentage(百分比)‎ Of the students ‎20％‎ ‎30％‎ ‎15％‎ ‎?‎ A.350 B. ‎650 C.800‎ ‎ 18. Which pair of the words with the underlined letters has the same sound?‎ ‎ A. smile history B. land marry C. pencil these ‎ 19. Which of the following words has a different sound from the underlined letter of the word "cut" ?‎ ‎ A. study B. truth C. hungry ‎ 20. Which word of the following doesn't have the same stress as the others?‎ ‎ A. Forget. B. Prevent. C. Method.‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：下列哪个词与其他词没有相同的重音？.Forget.和Prevent.的单词重音在第二个音节，但Method的重音在第一个音节，所以选C。‎ ‎【考点定位】考查单词重音。‎ ‎ 二、完形填空（本题共10分，每小题1分）‎ ‎ How can we keep a feeling of balance(平衡) in our lives? How can we live with a positive attitude? To answer the two questions, let's 21 the following points.‎ ‎ Life Isn't Fair (公平的) Our life isn't always 22 of pleasure, is it? Life doesn't always give us a hand and doing our best doesn't always bring good results.‎ ‎ Failure Failure is necessary to life, almost as necessary as the_23 we breathe. Failure is part of trying. The only thing that we need to think about is _24_ to deal with it. In fact, failure can be a great teacher that leads( 引导)us to success.‎ ‎ Loneliness It's _25 for us to be with our family and friends for ever. Sometimes we have to be alone. Don't be afraid when we feel lonely. Treasure(珍惜)the friendship, kindness and love we own now.‎ ‎ Suffering Growing up is not easy and pain is part. of our lives. Almost 26 gets hurt. Take a deep breath and give life a big smile when we suffer pain.‎ ‎ Personal Responsibility(责任) We each have a choice to be either a _27 or a loser. We should have responsibility for the choices we make. What we will have in the future depends on what we do _28 .‎ ‎ Self-confidence We should believe we can do something well. Nothing in the world is difficult for the man who _29 himself.‎ ‎ Life is like a long journey. 30 with a positive attitude and look at the bright side of things. There will always be sunshine and flowers in our eyes.‎ ‎ 根据短文内容选择最佳答案。‎ ‎21. A.cheer up B. fall off C. focus on ‎22. A. full B. filling C. fill ‎23. A. water B. air C. food ‎24. A.what B. that C. how ‎25. A.possible B. impossible C. impolite ‎26. A. someone B. no one C.everyone ‎27. A.driver B.winner C.farmer ‎28. A.today B.yesterday C.past ‎29. A. is confident of B. is angry with C. is similar to ‎30. A.To travel B.Travelling C.Travel ‎【答案】‎ ‎21C ‎22A ‎23B ‎24C ‎25B ‎26C ‎27B ‎28A ‎29A ‎30C ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：短文大意：在我们的生活中我们怎样才能保持一种平衡的感觉？我们怎样才能以积极的态度生活呢？要回答这两个问题，让我们关注以下几点：生活是不公平的；失败；孤独；个人的责任；自信。‎ ‎21. C考查动词短语及语境理解。句意：要回答这两个问题，让我们关注以下几点。cheer up使振作起来；fall off跌落；focus on关注。根据句意结合语境可知该选C。‎ ‎22. A考查形容词及语境理解。句意：生活不总是充满快乐。full形容词，满的；filling动名词或现在分词，充满；fill动词，充满，装满。Be full of充满，所以选A。‎ ‎23. B考查名词及语境理解。句意：失败是生活必需的，几乎跟我们呼吸的空气一样必要。water 水；air空气；food食物。根据we breathe可知该选B。‎ ‎24. C考查疑问词及语境理解。句意：我们需要思考怎样对付它。what 什么；that那；how怎么。根据to deal with it可知该选C。‎ ‎25. B考查形容词及语境理解。句意：让我们与我们的家人和朋友永远在一起是不可能的。Possible可能的； impossible不可能的；impolite不礼貌的。根据句意结合语境可知该选B。‎ ‎ 三、阅读理解（本题共20分，每小题1分）‎ ‎ (A)‎ ‎ Tom was a college student. He often made excuses not to attend classes. Also, he spent much of his free time playing computer games. He never went to the library to study.‎ ‎ How time flew! At the end of the term, there was one important event that he was afraid of – the final exam. "What should I do?" Tom walked up and down in the room the day before the exam. He was keyed up. Suddenly, he thought of an idea.‎ ‎ The next morning, Tom went into the exam room very early. He found a young man who looked so confident and took a seat next to him. "Hey your" Tom greeted. "What?" The young man asked.‎ ‎ "Can you do me a favor?" Tom begged(恳求), "Please let me copy your paper(试卷)during the exam. I have to depend on you!" When hearing his words, the young man just smiled but said nothing.‎ ‎ When the bell rang, the young man stood up immediately and came to the front, saying, " Now I will hand out(分发)the papers to all of you and collect them in one hour." Tom sat there with his mouth wide open.‎ 根据短文内容选择最佳答案。‎ ‎31. The underlined word "keyed up" most probably means _ .‎ ‎ A. satisfied B. nervous C. brave ‎32. Tom walked up and down in the room the day before the exam because ‎ A. he liked studying in the library[来源:学+科+网]‎ ‎ B. he wanted to take exercise ‎ C. he was worried about the coming exam ‎33. When Tom was in college, .‎ ‎ A. he studied very hard ‎ B. he didn't always attend classes ‎ C. he spent little of his free time playing computer games ‎34. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?‎ ‎ A. Tom was confident, so he went into the exam room late.‎ ‎ B. There was a final exam at the end of the term.[来源:学&科&网]‎ ‎ C. Tom wanted to copy someone else's paper during the final exam.‎ ‎35. " " can be the missing sentence in the passage.‎ ‎ A. It is time for the final exam！‎ ‎ B. Tom wants to copy my paper!‎ ‎ C. I am fond of the exam！‎ ‎ 32C细节理解题。根据第二段中At the end of the term, there was one important event that he was afraid of – the final exam可知考试前一天汤姆在房间里走来走去是因为他为即将到来的期末考试担心。所以该选C。‎ ‎33B细节理解题。根据短文开头Tom was a college student. He often made excuses not to attend classes可知汤姆在上大学时经常找借口不上课。所以该选B。‎ ‎34A细节理解题。根据第二段中At the end of the term, there was one important event that he was afraid of – the final exam和第四段中"Can you do me a favor?" Tom begged(恳求), "Please let me copy your paper(试卷)during the exam. I have to depend on you!"可知在学期结束时，有一个期末考试。在期末考试中汤姆想抄写他人的试卷，所以该选A。‎ ‎35A细节理解题。根据下一句Now I will hand out(分发)the papers to all of you and collect them in one hour.可知此处该选A，是期末考试的时候了。‎ ‎【考点定位】故事类短文阅读。‎ ‎ (B)‎ ‎ The Information about Some Great Inventions Invention ‎　　Wheel Telephone Light bulb Paper ‎ Appearing Time A few thousand years ago In 1876‎ In 1879‎ Around 2,000 years ago Inventor Unknown Alexander BeIl Thomas Edison Cai Lun Inventor's Nationality Unknown American American Chinese[来源:.Com]‎ Early Main Material Wood Plastic and metal Glass and metal Cotton or flax Main Use Making travelling faster Used for communicating over distances Giving light Used for recording information WordBox: lightbulb 灯泡 unknown 未知的 flax 亚麻 根据表格所提供的信息选择最佳答案。‎ ‎36. Since invented paper, people have been able to record information on paper.‎ ‎ A. Alexander Bell B. Thomas Edison C. Cai Lun ‎37. According to the form above, the invention that appeared in 1876 was made of . ‎ ‎ A. plastic and metal B. glass and metal C. cotton or flax ‎38. According to the form above, the latest invention was . ‎ ‎ A. the telephone B. the light bulb C. the wheel ‎39. Thanks to the invention of the wheel, people can .‎ ‎ A. have enough light to read ‎ B. travel faster ‎ C. communicate over distances ‎40. Which of the following is TRUE according to the form above?‎ ‎ A. Three of the inventions were made of metal.‎ ‎ B. Neither Alexander Bell nor Thomas Edison is American.‎ ‎ C. Two of the inventions appeared in the 19th century.‎ ‎ 39B细节理解题。根据第六行第二列可知轮子的发明使得旅行更快，所以该选B。‎ ‎40C细节理解题。根据第一行和第二行可知轮子发明于几千年前，电话发明于1876年，灯泡发明于1879年，纸发明于大约2000年前，所以该选C。‎ ‎【考点定位】文化类短文阅读。‎ ‎(C)‎ ‎ Long ago, there was a queen who lived in a palace. She felt bored and said to her advisor(顾问 ),‎ ‎ "AIl the things around me are too boring. I need a different kind of beauty. Let everyone know that I will hold a competition for the most beautiful thing in the world. And the prize will be this crown(王冠)."‎ ‎ Several days later, lots of people came to the competition and showed their things. The queen was not satisfied with what she saw. The advisor suggested, "What you are looking for cannot be brought to you. You must look for it by yourself. What about a journey?"‎ ‎ The queen was interested in the idea, so she started immediately. As she was on top of the hill near her palace, she looked down and suddenly something cried in her heart. "Why have I never found my palace so beautiful?"‎ ‎ The queen spent one year travelling. She saw beauty on the farm, in the forest and even in the stars twinkling(闪烁)at night on her journey. But what was the most beautiful thing? She thought it over. Suddenly, she understood beauty was everywhere. She should learn to enjoy the world. She left the pieces of her crown at different places that she had seen. As time went by, the queen's crown got smaller and smaller until nothing was left.‎ ‎ She found the most beautiful thing at last. It was the world!‎ ‎ 根据短文内容判断正、误。‎ ‎ (注意：考生将答题卡相应位置涂黑。正确的涂"A",错误的涂"B" )‎ ‎41. The queen wanted to hold a competition for the most beautiful thing in the world.‎ ‎42. Lots of people came to the competition and brought the things that made the queen satisfied.‎ ‎43. On top of the hill near her palace, the queen suddenly found her palace so beautiful.‎ ‎44. the queen saw beauty on the farm, in the river and even in the night sky on her journey,‎ ‎45. The passage tells us that beauty is everywhere if we learn to enjoy the world.‎ ‎【答案】 ‎ ‎41A ‎42B ‎43A ‎44B ‎45A ‎ (D)‎ ‎ Last year, a special kind of glove came out. It was invented to help bind people to learn Braille,which is a special system for the blind to read by touching. Shaking motors (震动马达) are put on each finger of the glove. They can make different sounds to tell a user which letter he is touching.Recently, two British college students have invented another special glove for the blind. It can make the user feel small and quick movements. An ultrasonic sensor(超声波传感器)with a battery is put on the back of the glove. When the user wearing the glove is close to an object（物体）, ultrasonic waves( 超声波)from the glove are sent out (发出). As soon as they hit the object in front, the waves will return to the glove. Then the waves cause the glove to shake. And the ultrasonic sensor makes different kinds of sounds. The sounds make the user know how far he is from the object.‎ ‎ In the college invention competition, the two students got first prize and won 1,540 pounds. One of the designers said, "Now the ultrasonic sensor on the glove is quite large. We're going to use the money to develop a smaller and lighter ultrasonic sensor."‎ 根据短文内容选择最佳答案。‎ ‎46. The underlined word "Braille" in the passage means "_ " in Chinese.‎ ‎ A. 盲文 B. 口语 C.手语 ‎47. The glove with an ultrasonic sensor .‎ ‎ A. can make only one kind of sound ‎ B. can make the user feel small and quick movements ‎ C. was designed by two American college students ‎48. Picture shows how the glove with an ultrasonic sensor works according to the passage.‎ ‎49. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?‎ ‎ A. The sounds from the ultrasonic sensor make the user know what the object is.‎ ‎ B. The two college students wanted to use 15,400 pounds to develop the glove.‎ ‎ C. The glove with shaking motors was invented for blind people.‎ ‎50. What is the best title for this passage?‎ ‎ A. The Way to Make Gloves ‎ B. Two Kinds of Special Gloves ‎ C. An Ultrasonic Sensor and Shaking Motors ‎【答案】 ‎ ‎46A ‎47B ‎48C ‎49C ‎50B ‎【解析】‎ ‎ 第Ⅱ卷 ‎ 四、交际应用( 本题15分，每空1分)‎ ‎( A) 从A-J 选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项补全对话。 ( 选项中有两项是多余的)‎ A: Hello, Li Jun ! How are you doing?‎ B: Fine, thanks.‎ A: I'm thinking about a trip to Beijing. 51 ‎ B: Yes, I can. What would you like to know about Beijing?‎ A: 52 ‎ B: Yes, it is. It's very cool in autumn.‎ A:Great. _ ‎53 In your opinion, which place of interest is the most popular in Beijing?‎ B: 54 As the saying goes, "He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man."‎ A: Sounds good! I'll go there first. What else can I do in Beijing?‎ B: 55 _ Shopping is always part of travelling.‎ A: Good idea! It is said that Beijing Roast Duck(烤鸭)is very delicious. 56 ‎ B: At Quanjude Restaurant. _ 57 ‎ A: Great! I can't wait to go now. Thanks a lot.‎ B: 58 ‎ ‎ 56J联系上句It is said that Beijing Roast Duck(烤鸭)is very delicious. 结合答语At Quanjude Restaurant.‎ 可知这里是在问可以在哪里品尝它，所以选J。‎ ‎57I根据答语Great! I can't wait to go now可知这里是祝愿对方过得开心，所以选I。‎ ‎58A根据上句中的Thanks a lot可知这里是在应答感谢，所以选A。‎ ‎【考点定位】补全对话。‎ ‎ (B) 填入一个适当的词补全对话，每空一词。‎ A: Hello, is that Tom speaking?‎ ‎ B: Hello, this is Tom.‎ ‎ A: Have you made a plan for this weekend?‎ ‎ B: Not yet. I'm 59 busy to think about it. What is your idea?‎ ‎ A: What about playing basketball at the City Gym this Saturday?‎ ‎ B: Good idea. When shall we meet?‎ ‎ A: Let's _60 it 8: ‎00 a.m.‎ ‎ B:All right. 61 are we going to meet?‎ ‎ A: At the bus stop near our school.‎ ‎ B: How 62 does it take to go to the gym by bus?‎ ‎ A: About half an hour.‎ ‎ B: Why not go there by subway? The traffic may be very awful on Saturday morning.‎ ‎ A: I can't agree with you any 63 . Then we can meet at the subway station.‎ ‎ B: Do you know what the 64 will be like that day?‎ ‎ A: The radio says it will be rainy.‎ ‎ B: 65 better take umbrellas with us.‎ ‎ A: OK. I think we'll have fun together. I'm looking forward to that. See you.‎ ‎ B: See you.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎59. too ‎ ‎60. make ‎ ‎61. Where ‎ ‎62. long ‎ ‎63. more ‎ ‎64. weather ‎ ‎65. We'd 五、任务性阅读（本题15分，每空1分）‎ 先阅读（A）、（B）、（C）三篇短文，然后根据题目要求及所给语境完成下列五项任务。‎ ‎ (A)‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ There are plenty of things we can do to help the people around us. For example, if we find our friends in trouble, we can give them some 66 ; If our neighbor is busy ‎67 in the garden, let's give him a hand; If we see an old man on a 68 bus, we should ask him to take our seat. Actually, when we help others, we're helping 69 . Helping others makes us feel happy because we know we are doing something right. Sometimes we can even make friends and get 70 experiences by helping others.‎ ‎ (B)‎ ‎ In English, the spelling of words does not always represent(代表)the sound. And some words seem to have too many letters. An American called Noah Webster wanted to do something for the development of English, so he began his work on it. His first book, The Elementary(基础的)Spelling Book, suggested making the spelling of English words easy. The book was very popular. In fact, Webster is famous for his American Dictionary of the English Language. This dictionary came out in 1828 after it was completed. It introduced lots of new American words, with information about their pronunciation, use and the new spelling. Today, Webster's dictionary is still ‎ widely used in English-speaking countries.‎ ‎ (C)‎ ‎ If you want to have a wonderful vacation, you can visit Kingston(金斯顿 ). It's a famous Canadian city on the bank of Lake Ontario (安大略湖). It is about three hours' trip by bus from Kingston to Toronto(多伦多 ). There are some famous universities(大学)in Kingston. About 25,000 students study in these universities. Queen's University, founded in 1841, is more famous than any other university in Kingston. Kingston is one of the friendliest cities in the world and it welcomes tourists from all over the world. Wherever tourists go in this city, they will see a warm smile on the street or hear a happy "hello" in a public park. It's easy for them to feel at home 任务1：阅读短文(A)，用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，使文章通顺、连贯、合理。（每空一词，每词限用一次）‎ ‎66. 67. 68. ‎ ‎69. 70. ‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎66. advice ‎ ‎67. working ‎ ‎68. crowded ‎ ‎69. ourselves ‎ ‎70. valuable 任务2：阅读短文(B)．根据英文释义及首字母提示拼写单词。‎ ‎71. c___ _to finish making or doing something ‎72. p_ _liked or enjoyed by a lot of people 任务3：阅读短文(B)，进行同义句转换，每空一词。‎ ‎ In fact, Webster is famous for his American Dictionary of the English Language.‎ ‎ 73.____a74.____of fact,Webster is famous for his American Dictionary of the English Language.‎ 任务4：根据短文(B)内容简答问题。‎ ‎75. Where is Webster's dictionary still widely used today?‎ ‎ ‎ 任务5：根据短文(C)内容完成表格，每空一词。‎ ‎76. ___ _77. ___ _78. ___ _ ‎ ‎79. ___ _ 80. ___ _ ‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎76. Canada ‎ ‎77. hours'‎ ‎78. thousand ‎ ‎79. most ‎ ‎80. home ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：短文大意：该文介绍了加拿大安大略湖岸边著名的城市金士顿。从金斯敦到多伦多乘坐公交车约三小时的旅程。在金斯顿有一些著名的大学。其中女王大学最著名。‎ 六、书面表达（本题共20分）‎ ‎ 假如你是林动，想邀请即将来你校进行为期三个月学习的英国笔友David到你家来住。根据以下提示，给他写一封电子邮件。‎ ‎ 写作要点：‎ ‎ 1．表达得知他要来你校学习之后你的喜悦之情。‎ ‎ 2．介绍你家的情况。‎ ‎ (1)位置：在你的学校旁边，附近有公园。‎ ‎ (2)成员：爸爸（喜欢下象棋）、妈妈（擅长做中国食物）和你。‎ ‎ 3．对他到来之后如何尽快适应(get used to)新的生活提出具体建议。[来源:学#科#网][来源:]‎ ‎ 写作要求：‎ ‎ 1．不得使用真实的姓名和学校名。‎ ‎ 2，可适当加入细节，使内容充实，行文连贯。‎ ‎ 3．字迹工整、语言精练、表达准确、条理清晰。‎ ‎ 4．至少80词。‎ Dear David．‎ How is everything going?___ ‎ ‎ _ ‎ ‎ I hope to hear from you soon.‎ ‎ Yours．‎ ‎ Lin Dong