初中英语数词用法及练习

初中英语数词用法及练习

‎ ‎ ‎ 英语分类复习练习 数词用法详解 ‎-----数词部分 ‎▲掌握分数、时间、日期的表达法。 ‎ ‎【复习要点】 ‎ ‎（一）基数词 ‎ 基数词用来表示数目，或者说表示数量的词叫基数词。最基本的基数词如下表所示。 ‎ ‎1 one ‎ ‎11 eleven ‎ ‎100 a hundred ‎ ‎2 two ‎ ‎12 twelve ‎ ‎20 twenty ‎ ‎1000 a thousand ‎ ‎3 three ‎ ‎13 thirteen ‎ ‎30 thirty ‎ ‎1，000，000 a million ‎ ‎4 four ‎ ‎14 fourteen ‎ ‎40 forty ‎ ‎10，000，000 ten million ‎ ‎5 five ‎ ‎15 fifteen ‎ ‎50 fifty ‎ ‎100，000，000 a hundred million ‎ ‎6 six ‎ ‎16 sixteen ‎ ‎60 sixty ‎ ‎1，000，000，000 a billion ‎ ‎7 seven ‎ ‎17 seventeen ‎ ‎70 seventy ‎ ‎8 eight ‎ ‎18 eighteen ‎ ‎80 eighty ‎ ‎9 nine ‎ ‎19 nineteen ‎ ‎90 ninety ‎ ‎10 ten ‎ 说明： ‎ ‎1．13—19是由个位数加后缀-teen构成。注意其中13、15的拼写是thirteen和fifteen。 ‎ ‎2．20—90由个位数加后缀-ty构成，注意其中20—50的拼写分别是twenty, thirty, forty 和fifty;80的拼写是eighty。 ‎ ‎3．其它非整十的两位数21—99是由整十位数加连字符“-”，再加个位数构成。如： 81 eighty-one。 ‎ ‎4．101—999的基数词先写百位数，后加and再写十位数和个位数。如： 691 six hundred and ninety-one。 ‎ ‎5．1000以上的基数词先写千位数，后写百位数，再加and，最后写十位数和个位数。 ‎ 如：5893 five thousand eight hundred and ninety-three。 在基数词中只有表示“百”、“千”的单位词，没有单独表示“万”、“亿”的单位词，而是用thousand（千）和million（百万）来表达，其换算关系为：1万=10 thousand;1亿=100 million; 10亿=a thousand million=a billion。 ‎ ‎6．多位数的读法： ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎1）1000以上的多位数，要使用计数间隔或逗号“，”。即从个位起，每隔三位加一个间隔或逗号。第一个间隔或逗号前是thousand（千），第二个间隔或逗号前是million（百万），第三个间隔或逗号前是a thousand million或a billion(十亿)。 ‎ ‎2）每隔三位分段以后就都成了101—999。读的时候十位数（或个位数）的前面一般要加and。如： ‎ ‎888，000，000读作：eight hundred and eighty-eight million。‎ 基数词的用法：‎ ‎1. 基数词在句中的作用 ‎ 基数词的作用相当于名词和形容词，在句中可作定语、主语、宾语（介宾）、表语、同位语等。 ‎ 例如： ‎ Three and five is eight. 3+5=8 （作表语）‎ How many oranges do you want?你要多少桔子？ ‎ I want eight. 我要八个。 （作宾语）‎ There are eight boats in the lake. 湖里有八条小船。（作定语） ‎ ‎2．   Hundred, thousand, million, dozen, score这些词前面如有表示具体数字的词，它们不能加 “s”,反之则须加 “s”, 并要与of短语连用。例如： ‎ three hundred people, five thousand years； ‎ thousands of people, hundreds of students, thousands of trees ‎ ‎ ‎（二）序数词 ‎ 表示顺序的词，叫序数词。序数词用来表示数词顺序。除特殊情况外，序数词一般都由相应的基数词加后缀-th构成。 ‎ 请见下表： ‎ 第一到第十 ‎ 第十一到第十九 ‎ 第二十以上 ‎ first ‎ eleventh ‎ twentieth ‎ second ‎ twelfth ‎ thirtieth ‎ third ‎ thirteenth ‎ fortieth ‎ fourth ‎ fourteenth ‎ fiftieth ‎ fifth ‎ fifteenth ‎ sixtieth ‎ sixth ‎ sixteenth ‎ seventieth ‎ ‎ ‎ seventh ‎ seventeenth ‎ eightieth ‎ eighth ‎ eighteenth ‎ ninetieth ‎ ninth ‎ nineteenth ‎ hundredth ‎ tenth ‎ thousandth ‎ 说明： ‎ ‎1．英语中表示第一、第二、第三的序数词属特殊形式，要注意它们的拼写。 ‎ ‎2．表示“几十”的序数词通常是将基数词词尾y变成i再加上后缀-eth。 ‎ ‎3．其余的二位数序数词是以相应的整十基数词加个位序数词。如：fifty-first（第五十一）。 ‎ ‎4．少数序数词拼法不规则，如：fifth（第五），eighth（第八），ninth（第九），twelfth（第十二）等。 ‎ 注意： ‎ ‎1．序数词可缩写为阿拉伯数字加序数词最后两个字母。 ‎ 例如： ‎ 第一：(the) first=1st 第二：(the) second=2nd ‎ 第三：(the) third=3rd 第五：(the) fifth=5th 第九十七：(the) ninety-seventh=97th ‎ 第一百零一：(the) one hundred (and)first=101st ‎2．编了号的事物要用基数词表示顺序，但是基数词要后置。 ‎ 例如： 第一课：Lesson One 第三十二页：Page 32 ‎ 第305房间：Room 305 第12路公共汽车：Bas No.12 ‎ 序数词的用法 ‎ ‎ 序数词表顺序，主要作定语，其前面须加上定冠词the，此外，也作主语、宾语、表语和定语等，这时，被它所修饰的名词往往被省略。如：The first ( person ) to arrive is Kate.‎ 例如： ‎ The first is bigger than the second. （作主语）第一个比第二个大。‎ Give me the first. （作宾语）把第一个给我。 ‎ She’s often the first to go to school. （作表语）她经常第一个去上学。 ‎ We’re going to learn the eighth lesson. （作定语）我们将要学习第八课。 ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎（三）分数表达法 先写基数词表示分子，后写序数词表示分母，如果分子大于1时，分母用复数。如：one-fourth, two-fifths, three-tenths ‎ （四）小数表达法 小数点前的整数按基数词的规则表示，小数点写作point, 小数后的数字应按其数字直接表示出来。如：18.38可写成：eighteen point three eight。‎ 注意：小数在句中常作定语，尤其在比较方式状语从句中被使用。如：This stone is 3.5 times heavier than that one.‎ ‎ （五）百分数表达法 （根据学生情况选择使用）‎ 在数词后加percent。例如： ‎ ‎15%读作：fifteen percent；60%读作：sixty percent ‎ ‎（六）表示语数 （根据学生情况选择使用）‎ ‎1）…几倍大小（长短，数量）=…几倍（或分数）+the size(length, amount)。 ‎ 例如：The earth is forty-nine times the size of the moon. ‎ 地球是月球的49倍。 ‎ ‎2）…比…几倍=…倍数（或分数）+形容词（副词）比较级+than+被比部分。 ‎ 例如：His house is three times bigger than mine. 他的房子比我的房子大三倍。 ‎ ‎3）…是…倍=…倍数（或分数）+as +形容词+as +被比部分。 ‎ 例如： This factory is four times as big as that one. 这个工厂是那个工厂的四倍。 ‎ ‎（七）表示约数 （根据学生情况选择使用）‎ ‎1）“多于”用more than或over。 ‎ 例如：The street is over(more than) 500 metres long. 这条街有500多米长。 ‎ ‎2）“小于”用less than。 ‎ 例如：Three are less than 30 people in the classroom. 教室里不到三十人。 ‎ ‎3）“或…以上”用or more。 ‎ 例如：The building can hold 5000 people or more. ‎ 那座建筑物可容纳5000人或5000人以上。 ‎ ‎4）“或…以下”用or less。 ‎ 例如：We can finish the work in two weeks or less. ‎ 我们可以在两周内或不到两周完成这件工作。 ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎5）“大约”用about, around, nearly等。 ‎ 例如：The box weighs about 50 pounds. 这箱子重约50镑。‎ ‎6）“左右”用or so. ‎ 如：In the past ten years or so, they have changed a lot. 在过去的十年里，他们改变了许多。 ‎ ‎（八）年、月、日和时间的表达法 ‎ ‎1．年份用基数词表达，分两位一读，年份前用介词in。例如： ‎ ‎1999 nineteen ninety-nine ‎ ‎2000 two thousand ‎ ‎2001 two thousand and one ‎ ‎2．月份的第一个字母要大写，有些月份名称有缩写形式。例如： ‎ 一月January(Jan.), 二月February(Feb.), 三月March(Mar.), 四月（Apr.）,五月May, 六月June, 七月July, 八月August(Aug.)，九月September(Sep.), 十月October(Oct.), 十一月November(Nov.), 十二月December(Dec.)。 ‎ ‎3．日期的表达要用序数词，读时前面要加定冠词the,介词要使用on。 ‎ 例如：在6月1日：on June 1st 读作：on June the first. ‎ 年、月、日同时表达时，一般应先写月、日、后写年。如：‎ 在2001年5月4日：on May 4 th, 2001。 ‎ ‎4．年代用基数词的复数表示。 ‎ 例如：20世纪90年代：nineteen nineties；21世纪20年代：twenty twenties ‎ ‎5．时间表达法：时间可用顺读法或倒读法两种方式表达。例如： ‎ ‎5：00 five (o’clock) ‎ ‎6：18 six eighteen或 eighteen past six ‎ ‎12：15 twelve fifteen 或fifteen (a quarter) past twelve ‎ ‎4：30 four thirty或 half past four ‎ ‎6：45 six forty-five a quarter to seven ‎ 注意： ‎ ‎1）表示整点时间，直接用基数词表达，后边可接o’clock (也可不加)。表达“几点几分”时，绝不能用o’clock。 ‎ ‎2）表达“15分”或“45分”时，常用quarter（刻）。 ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3）在倒读法中，如果钟点不过半，须用“分钟数+past+钟点数”的形式；如果钟点过半，则用“差多少分钟数+to+全钟点（下个钟点数）”的形式。 ‎ 两组与数词有关的介词短语：‎ ‎ ⑴ in+定冠词the+数词的复数形式，表示年代。如：in the 1870s或1870’s ‎ ⑵ in+物主代词+数词的复数形式，表示某人的年龄。如：in one’s thirties。有时在物主代词后面可加上形容词early或late使其含义更确切些。如：The young man is at most in his early thirties.‎ 注意：带有数词的名词作定语的表达：a seven-year-old boy，a hundred-metre race ‎ ‎ 英语分类复习练习 数词配套练习 ‎------数词部分 数词专项练习(一)‎ ‎( ) 1. Lincoln was born on ________.‎ A. February 12, 1809 B. 1809, February 12 C. 1809, 12 February D. February 1809,12‎ ‎( ) 2. A _______ boy can sing the English song very well.‎ A. ten-year-old B. ten years old C. ten-year-old D. fifth years old ‎( ) 3. An hour later, _____ minister was sent to see the “magic cloth” woven by those two men.‎ A. two B. the second C. the two D. second ‎( ) 4. Abraham Lincoln was _______ President of the United States.‎ A. 16 B. the 16 C. 16th D. the 16th ‎( ) 5. Do you think there is any room for us ________ ?‎ A. two B. the two C. second D. the second ‎( ) 6. ---How many students are there in your class? --- ________.‎ A. Twenty nine B. Thirty and two C. Forty-five D. fifties ‎( ) 7. Which number is wrong? _______.‎ A. Ninety B. Ninteen C. Ninth D. Nineteenth ‎( ) 8. The People’s Liberation Army was founded _______.‎ A. on August 1, 1927 B. in 1927, 1 August C. on August 1st, 1927 D. in August 1, 1927‎ ‎ ‎ ‎( ) 9. The number 4,123 is read _______.‎ ‎ A. four thousand one hundred and twenty-three B.four thousand and one hundred twenty-three ‎ C. four thousand and a hundred and twenty-three D. four thousands a hundred and twenty-three ‎( ) 10. The old professor still works hard though he is _________.‎ A. in his sixty B. in his sixties C. in sixties D. in the sixty ‎( ) 11. This classroom is ________ ours.‎ A. three times big as B. as three times big as C. three times as big as D. as big three times as ‎( ) 12. The basketball team of our school ranks ________ in the match.‎ A. three B. third C. the three D. the third ‎( ) 13. Which is the car that he drives? It’s ________.‎ A. fifty two B. the fifty-two cars C. the car fifty four D. the fifty-fourth car ‎( ) 14. Which of the following is wrong? ________.‎ A. He is a fifteen-year-old boy. B. He is at the age of 15.‎ C. He is a boy of 15. D. He is fifteen year old.‎ ‎( ) 15. Our school is not very big. There are only ________ students.‎ A. nine hundreds of B. nine hundred C. nine hundreds D. nine hundred of ‎( ) 16. ----How many new words are there in ________ lesson? ----There are only _________.‎ A. five; fifth B. fifth; five C. the fifth; the five D. the fifth; five ‎( ) 17. ________, Coca-Cola began to enter China’s market.‎ A. In 1970’s B. In 1970s C. In the 1970s’ D. In the 1970s ‎( ) 18. There was no bus in that small town. We had a ________.‎ A. ten miles walk B. ten-mile walk C. ten mile’s walk D. tenth mile walk ‎( ) 19. Today is the first day and ________.‎ ‎ A. Tuesday is fourth B. Thursday is the fourth C. second is Tuesday D. a second is Thursday ‎( ) 20. Which room do you live in? ________.‎ A. The 201 Room B. Room 201 C. Room 201st D. The 201’s Room ‎( ) 21. How many magazines do you have? I have ________.‎ A. two B. both C. twice D. the second ‎( ) 22. Three hundred thousand one hundred and seventy means ________.‎ ‎ ‎ A. 3,170 B. 3,117 C. 300,170 D. 30,170‎ ‎( ) 23. On May ________, ________ people traveled round the country.‎ A. the first, millions B. the first, millions of C. first, the millionth D. first, millions ‎( ) 24. ________ of them are dining at school.‎ A. Twelve B. Twelfth C. The twelve D. the 12th ‎( ) 25. It’s 7:17 is read ________.‎ A. seven and seventeen B. seven seven C. seven one seven D. seven seventeen ‎( ) 26. Four ________ two is two.‎ A. plus B. minus C. times D. divided by ‎( ) 27. Three ________ five is eight.‎ A. plus B. minus C. times D. divided by ‎( ) 28. Three ________ seven is twenty-one.‎ A. plus B. minus C. times D. divided by ‎( ) 29. Forty-two ________ seven is six.‎ A. plus B. minus C. times D. divided by ‎( ) 30. There are ________ days in a year.‎ A. three hundred sixty and five B. three hundred and sixty-five C. three hundreds and sixty-five D. three hundred sixty-five ‎( ) 31. There are ________ students in that school.‎ A. two thousand eight-six B. two thousand eighty-six C. two thousand and eighty-six D. two thousands and eighty-six ‎( ) 32. It took me ________ to get there.‎ A. two hours and a half B. two hours and half C. two hour and a half D. two hour and half ‎( ) 33. September is _________ month of the year.‎ A. the nineth B. the ninth C. nineth D. ninth ‎( ) 34. Please pass me _______ book on the left.‎ A. third B. three C. the third D. the three ‎( ) 35. ________ is a very tall boy.‎ A. The twelve B. The twelveth C. The twelfeth D. The twelfth ‎ ‎ ‎( ) 36. We have known each other for ________.‎ A. a year and half B. a year with half C. a year and a half D. a year with a half ‎( ) 37. “What year is it?” “It’s ________.”‎ A. nineteen hundred and ninety-seven B. nineteen and ninety-seven C. nineteen ninety and seven D. nineteen ninety-seven ‎( ) 38. “What’s the date today?” “It’s _________.”‎ A. Tuesday B. June Fourth C. June the four D. June the fourth ‎( ) 39. The train from Shanghai will arrive ________.‎ A. in quarter past six B. in a quarter past six C. at quarter past six D. at a quarter past six ‎( ) 40. My friend was born on _________.‎ A. three of July, 1979 B. the third of July,1979 C. 1979, July the third D. 1979, the third of July ‎( ) 41. ________ is less than ________.‎ A. One-third; two-thirds B. One-third; two-third C. First-three; first-threes D. One-third; one-three ‎( ) 42. Which lesson did you learn yesterday? ________.‎ A. Lesson Seven B. Lesson seventh C. The 7 Lesson D. 7 Lesson ‎( ) 43. “What’s the date today?” “It’s _______.”‎ A. the fourth of may B. the fourth May C. May four D. May the fourth ‎( ) 44. 334 is read ________.‎ A. three hundreds and thirty four B. three hundreds thirty four C. three hundred and thirty fourth D. three hundred and thirty-four ‎( ) 45. In February, there are only _________ days.‎ A. twenty nine B. twenty-nineth C. twenty-nine D. twenty eight ‎( ) 46. There will be a comedy on TV at ________ this evening.‎ A. seven past thirty B. half past seven C. seven the thirty D. thirty to seven ‎( ) 47. It took me ________ to find out the key to the drawer.‎ ‎ A. one and half hours B. one and a half hours ‎ ‎ C. one and a half hour D. one and half hour ‎ ‎ ‎( ) 48. I’m so tired after ________ walk.‎ A. three hours B. three hours’ C. three hour’s D. three hour ‎( ) 49. There are ________ stars in the sky.‎ A. million of B. millions of C. the million D. a million of ‎( ) 50. the street is ________ wide.‎ A. two meters B. two meter C. the two meter D. a two meter 数词专项练习(二)‎ ‎( )76. Tuesday is the _______ day of a week in English.‎ ‎  A. first   B. fifth C. third D. fourth ‎( )77. There are _______ seasons in a year in our country.‎ ‎ A. two   B. four C. second D. fourth ‎( )78. The game of _______ Olympics will be held in Beijing in 2008.‎ ‎ A. 29  B. the 29th C. the 29 D. 29th ‎ ‎( )79. Most of the stars are much more bigger than the sun. But they are ____ light years away from us.‎ ‎ A. thousand B. thousands C. thousand of D. thousands of ‎( )80. _______ of the surface(表面) of the earth is covered with water.‎ ‎ A. First third  B. Two thirds C. One three D. Two three ‎( )81. There are _______ people in my family. We live on the _______ floor in a tall building.‎ ‎ A. five, six  B. fifth, sixth C. fifth, six D. five, sixth ‎( ) 82. Boys and girls, we are going to learn _______ today.‎ ‎ A. Four Lesson B. the fourth lesson C. the Lesson Four   D. the Four Lesson ‎( )83. My lovely daughter is _______.‎ ‎ A. eight years old  B. eight-year-old C. eight year old D. eight-years-old ‎( )84. The flood happened _______.‎ ‎ A. in the summer of 1998 B. in the summer of 1998s ‎ ‎ C. in 1998 of the summer  D. in 1998s of the summer ‎( )85. February 28 should be read as _______.‎ ‎ A. February of the 28th B. February of 28 C. 28 of February D. the 28th of February ‎ ‎ ‎( )86. --- How soon will you finish your work? --- In about _______.‎ ‎ A. one and a half month B. one month and a half C. one and half a month D. a month and half ‎( )87. We will have a _______ holiday. What about going to Suzhou?‎ ‎ A. five days B. five day C. five-day D. five-days ‎( )88. We are sure the _______ century will bring us more hopes.‎ ‎ A. twentieth-first B. twentieth-one C. twenty-one D. twenty-first ‎( )89. --- What is 1/2 and 1/3? --- It’s _______.‎ ‎ A. 2/5 B. 1/5 C. 5/6 D. 4/6‎ ‎( )90. At the age of _______, he had his own lab.‎ ‎ A. thirty B. thirtieth C. the thirtieth D. the thirty ‎( )91. Five times five is _______.‎ ‎ A. five B. zero C. ten D. twenty-five ‎( )92. _______ are in the army.‎ ‎ A. Two their sons B. Their two sons C. Their sons two D. Two sons their ‎( )93. My sister is a student of _______.‎ ‎ A. the First Class B. Class One C. One Class D. Class First ‎( )94. The boy can count from one to _______.‎ ‎ A. hundred B. a hundred C. one hundreds D. hundreds ‎( )95. Their house is about _______ as big as ours.‎ ‎ A. times three B. three time C. time three D. three times ‎( )96. --- Would you like some fruit, madam? --- Oh, yes. _______, please. ‎ ‎ A. 5 kilo bananas B. 5 kilos of bananas C. 5 kilo of bananas D. 5 kilos of banana ‎( )97. This building is for a _______. ‎ ‎ A. family of three B. three people C. three peoples family D. three people’s family ‎( )98. Ten and five is _______.‎ ‎ A. five B. fifty C. fifteen D. two ‎( )99. There are _______ in a day.‎ A. 24 hours B. 12 hours C. four hours D. 365 hours ‎( )100. Look at the table. Tom wants to buy a hamburger, a large coke and an ice-cream. How much will he pay?‎ ‎ ‎ Hamburger $ 2.60 Orange juice $ 1.20 Hot dog $2.15 Coffee $1.50 Ice-cream $2.00  Water $0.50 Popcorn $1.00 Large coke $1.00‎ ‎ A. Three dollars and sixty cents. B. Five dollars and thirty-five cents.‎ ‎ C. Five dollars and sixty cents. D. Two dollars.‎ 参考答案 数词专项练习(一)‎ ‎1. A 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. A 9. A 10. B 11. C 12. D 13. D 14. D 15. B 16. D 17. D 18. B 19. B 20. B 21. A 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D 36. C 37. D 38. D 39. D 40. B 41. A 42. A 43. D 44. D 45. C 46. B 47. B 48. B 49. B 50. A 数词专项练习(二)‎ ‎76-80 CBBDB 81-85 DBAAD 86-90 BCDCA ‎ ‎91-95 DBBBD   96-100 BACAC ‎ ‎ ‎