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跳出思维定式 巧解圈套题
跳出思维定式 巧解圈套题 很多同学在考试时经常会的原因将自己做错的题再次做错,这让无数考生感到无奈并自 责。究其原因,都是思维定式惹的祸。要想让自己不再犯同样的错误,就必须将犯错的原因 从源头上弄清楚,真正走出错误思维。以下就对近几年易错的考题加以讲解,以求帮助大家 走出困惑。 1.Which do you enjoy _______ your holiday, going touring or staying at home? (淮安) A. spendingB. to spendC. spend 解析:本题易错选 A。其原因在于很多同学都认为 enjoy doing sth.是一个习惯搭配, 然而本题的答题关键却在题目的后半部分 going touring or staying at home,说明是在 两者中选择做什么来度过这个假期。事实上对于此类题目若同学们觉得比较难的话,可将该 句改为:You enjoy which ____ your holiday, going touring or staying at home?由此 我们就可确定正确答案应为 B。例如: After school, what my son enjoysfootball. A playingB playedC to playD is playing 本题易错选 A。而正确思路应为 what my son enjoys 为主语从句,此句缺少 be 做谓 语,故排除 B 和 C,应选 D。 2.It’s our duty to ______ people ________ too many trees. (连云港) A. stop; cutting downB. prevent;to cut down C. keep; cutting down D. make; cut down 解析:本题易错选 C。因为许多同学都会认为“阻止某人做某事”可用 stop / prevent / keep sb. from doing sth.但是,stop / prevent 在主动语态中可将后面的 from 省去, 被动语态中三者均不可省,而有的同学会误认为 from 在所有的主动语态中都可以省,于是 就会错选 C。若用 keep sb. doing sth. 就表示“让某人一直做某事”,意思显然不对。本 题的正确答案应为 A。 3.—Will you please show me how to do the role play exercise? (南通) —Sure. Now let me tell you _______ first. A. which to do B. how to do C. when to doD. what to do 解析:本题易错选 B。一般同学们会认为“我要教你怎么做”是方式,所以用 how to do。 但事实上该句是在考查对于名词性从句的省略现象,若将该句还原,我们会得到以下句子: Let me tell you _______ (第一步该怎么做)。那么我们可以这样来表达:how you should do it first / what you should do。如果将其省略就应为 how to do it / what to do。 因此本题的正确答案应为 D。例如: I need your help because I don’t know_________.(徐州)(A) A. how to do itB. how to do C. what to do itD. what should I do 4.It’s selfish_________ Eddie_________ the whole birthday cake. (宿迁) A. of; to eatB. of; eating C. for; to eatD. for; eating 解析:本题易错选 C。因为很多同学会认为“对于 Eddie 来说是 selfish 的”,然而此 题的考查重点在于介词的选择。我们说“如果某事对于某人来说是怎么样的”,会经常使用 for,而如果是“某人本身所具有的本质”的话,则应使用 of,常见的句型有:it’s important / strange / necessary for sb. to do sth.;it is selfish / brave / foolish / clever of sb. to do sth.。因此本题的正确答案应为 A。 5.Students should pay attention tothe teacher in class. (泰州) A. hear B. listen to C. listening toD. hearing of 解析:本题易错选 B。此题的关键在于 pay attention to 中的 to 为介词,其后应接 doing。因此本题的正确答案应为 C。 6.My friend, Darren, is coming to visit us. I’m looking forward to _____ him. (潜江) A.meetB.meetingC.to meetD.to meeting 解析:本题易错选 C。此题的关键在于 looking forward to 中的 to 为介词,因此其后 应接 doing。因此本题的正确答案应为 B。 7.Grandma ______ us stories when we were very young.(内江) A. used to tellB. is used to tell C. was used to tell 解析:本题易错选 C。此题主要是要将这几个形式相近的词组含义区分开来。used to do 意为“过去常常做某事”,be used to do 意为“被用来做某事”,而 be used to doing 则表示“习惯于做某事”。因此本题的正确答案应为 A。 8. They are too tired, so they stopand have a rest. (内江) A. workingB. to workC. work 解析:本题主要是要搞清楚 stop to do 与 stop doing 的区别,后接动词不定式表示 “停下来去做某事”,而接动名词则表示“停止做某事”,根据句意本题应选 A。后接动词 不定式和动名词含义不一样的还有以下词组:remember to do 意为“记得去做某事”, remember doing 意为“记得做过某事”。类似的还有 forget/regret/go on 等。例如: Remember to______ the lights when you leave your classroom.(重庆)(B) A. turn onB. turn off C. turn upD. turn down 9.Is this the factory _____ you visited the other day? A. thatB. whereC. in whichD. the one Is this factory ______ some foreign friends visited last Friday? A. thatB. whereC. whichD. the one Is this the factory _____ he worked ten years ago? A. thatB. whereC. whichD. the one 解析:这 3 道题是定语从句中较为典型的题,它们可以给我们在做定语从句一类题时有 个提醒。我们知道定语从句必须要满足 3 个条件:(1)必须要有先行词;(2)先行词在从 句中必须担当一定的成分;(3)关系词要代替前面的先行词。而定语从句的连接词的选择 是考查的重中之重,主要是看从句中缺什么成分,通常是缺什么就补什么。这几道题的答案 分别应为 A、D、B。我们可将它们转换为以下几种形式: This is the factory _______ you visited the other day.(从句中缺少宾语) This factory is _______ some foreign friends visited last Friday.(该句无先 行词,若为名词性从句则应用 what 来引导) This is the factory_______ he worked ten years ago.(从句中缺少状语) 10.He has two sons, _______ work as chemists. A. two of whom B. both of whom C. both of them D. all of whom 解析:该题易错选 C。在定语从句中逗号是十分关键的,题中逗号说明该句为非限制性 定语从句,所以只能选择 B。然而若将题干改为 He has two sons and _______ work as chemists.那么本题的答案就应是 C 了。查看更多