人教英语初三Unit讲义

人教英语初三Unit讲义

课程新授 授课题目 Unit1. How can we become good learners?‎ 学科 英语 年级 初三 授课时间 教师 于辉辉 学生 教 学 ‎ 设 ‎ 计 学习目标 1. by+doing的用法。表示通过.......的方式或途径 2. 用how 对方式状语进行提问 3. 对提问方式的特殊疑问句，一般疑问句作出正确回答 教学重 点 ‎ 1. by+doing的用法。‎ ‎2.用how 对方式状语进行提问 教学难点 ‎1.by+doing的用法。‎ ‎2.用how 对方式状语进行提问 教 学 流 程 一、 温习（复习提问）‎ How do you go to school every day?---By bus.‎ 这是我们以前学过的句型，用特殊疑问词how提问by引导的交通方式。今天深入学习介词by引导的方式状语。‎ 二、学习目标：learn to talk about the problems while studying and look for ways to solve them.‎ 三、 学习新课（自主探究学习）‎ Step 1. Warming up and leading in ‎ There are many ways to learn English. Talk about your own ways. While studying English, you must have all kinds of difficulties. So how do you solve these problems?‎ Step 2. Presentation ‎ ‎1.review words. ‎ ‎2.role-play conversations or read articles .‎ ‎ 复习课文过程中，掌握重点单词，短语的用法，在具体情境中掌握基本句型。让学生注意做好知识点标记。‎ ‎3.单词检查默写。短语句型提问 授课内容：‎ 重点短语 1. by doing sth 2. have conversations with sb同某人谈话 3. too...to..太...而不能...---so…that…/ enough to do sth 的转换 4. give a report作报告 5. at first起初 6. word by word逐词逐句地 7. the secret to language learning 学习语言的秘诀 8. be afraid to do sth害怕做某事=be afraid that+宾语从句 be afraid of sth / doing sth 害怕…‎ 9. an English movie called Toy Story一部名叫《玩具故事》的英文电影 10. fall in love with爱上...‎ 11. body language肢体语言 12. as well也=too ；as well as 如同、和，连接主语时如同with（主谓一致要看前一主语，不能相加）‎ 13. a piece of cake小菜一碟；很容易的事 14. It serves you right.活该，自作自受 15. look up查阅；查找（主考点）‎ 16. so that以便；为了 17. repeat out loud大声跟读 18. sentence patterns句型 19. spoken English英语口语 20. make mistakes in doing sth 在...方面犯错 ‎ by mistake 错误地 mistake … for … 把……误认为……‎ 21. the ability to do sth做某事的能力 22. depend on视...而定；取决于；依靠 23. pay attention to注意；关注 24. connect...with... 把...和...连接或联系起来 25. get bored感到厌烦 26. try to do sth尽力做某事 27. be stressed out焦虑不安的 28. even if 即使 29. think about 考虑；think of 想起；think over仔细考虑 30. learn from 向……学习 31. something new / interesting 新事物/有趣的东西 32. be born with 天生具有 33. Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧 重点词语用法讲解+归纳 考点1介词by ‎1.by +doing sth.----划线提问用how ‎①by reading the textbook；by asking the teacher for help ‎②How can I learn English well?---By reading every morning.‎ ‎③介词by的其他用法：‎ ‎1）by+交通工具，“乘/坐...”by bus乘公共汽车 ‎2）by+地点，“在...的旁边；靠近...”by the lake在湖边 ‎3）by+时间，“截止到...；不迟于...” by ten十点前 ‎④常连用的短语：‎ by accident= by chance 偶然地 by mistake 错误地 ‎ 考点2 find的用法及搭配 find+it（形式宾语）+形容词+for sb +to do sth（作真正宾语）‎ find out查清楚，弄明白； lost and found 失物招领 I find Tom clever. 我发现Tom很聪明。‎ I found a little boy crying at the street corner last night.‎ 昨晚我发现一个小男孩在街道的拐角处正在哭。‎ I find him to be honest. 我发现他很老实。‎ I found him out when I called him.我打电话发现他不在家。‎ I found that he was very brave. 我发现他很勇敢。‎ I find it difficult (for Lily) to learn math well.我发现学好数学很难。=I find that it is difficult for Lily to learn math well.‎ 考点3 What about = How about +名词/宾格代词+doing?‎ 用于提建议的句型有：‎ ‎①What about doing sth ?=How about doing sth? ….怎么样？‎ ‎②Why don’t you do sth?= Why not do sth? 为什么不呢？‎ ‎③Let’s do sth.让我们一起做某事吧。‎ ‎④Shall we/I do sth?我们做…好吗？‎ ‎⑤had better do/not do sth 最好做/不做某事 ‎⑥Will/Would you please do sth 请你做…好吗？‎ ‎⑦Would you like to do sth? 你想去做某事吗？‎ ‎⑧Would you mind doing sth？你介意做某事吗？‎ ‎【回答】‎ ‎(1). 同意对方的建议时，一般用：‎ ‎ ◆ Good idea./ That’s a good idea. 好主意 ‎ ‎◆ OK/ All right./ Great 好/ 行/太好了 ‎ ◆ Yes, please ./ I’d love to 是的/ 我愿意 ‎ ‎◆ I agree with you 我同意你的看法 ‎ ◆ No problem 没问题 ‎ ‎◆ Sure/ Of course/ Certainly 当然可以 ‎ ◆ Yes, I think so 对，我也这样想 ‎(2).对对方的帮助或要求表示委婉谢绝时，一般用：‎ ‎ ◆ I don’t think so 我认为不是这样 ‎ ‎◆ Sorry, I can’t 对不起，我不能 ‎ ◆ I’d love to, but… ‎ ‎◆ I’m afraid…我愿意，但恐怕……‎ 考点4 单元中的状语从句 ‎☆so/ such…that 引导的结果状语从句句型有：‎ ‎①so +形容词/副词+that 从句 ‎②so+形容词+ a / an +单数名词+that 从句=‎ ‎③such+ a / an + （形容词）+单数名词+that 从句 ‎④such + （形容词）+复数名词 / 不可数名词 + that从句 She is so lovely a girl that we love her very much.=‎ She is such a lovely girly that we love her very much.‎ 她是一个这么可爱的女孩，以至于我们都喜欢她。‎ ㊣当名词前有many ,much, few, little修饰时，用so而不用such ‎ 所以有so many /few+复数名词；so much/little +不可数名词 ㊣so…that 句型的否定形式可用too…to do sth或not…enough to do sth 化成简单句 He is so young that he can’t go to school.=‎ He is too young to go to school.=‎ He is not old enough to go to school.他太小而不能上学。‎ ☆ so that引导的目的状语从句 ‎①so that =in order that +主语+may/ might/can/could/ will/would+动词原形+其他 I want to learn new words and more grammar so that I can have a better understanding of English movies.‎ 我要学习生词和更多的语法，以便我能更好的理解英文电影。‎ He must get up early so that he can catch the early bus.‎ 他必须早起以便能赶上早班公共汽车。‎ ‎②当主从句主语一致时，可用so as to /in order to do sth转换同义句 注意：so as to 不用于句首 ‎=He must get up early in order to catch the early bus.‎ ‎☆although/though , even if /even though , no matter+特殊疑问词=特殊疑问词+ever 引导的让步状语从句 ‎①让步状语从句 从句可放在句首，也可置于句末。although= though 不能与but连用,“尽管，虽然”‎ Although / Though his father is very old, he is quite strong.‎ 尽管他的父亲年纪大了，但身体还很强壮。=‎ His father is very old, but he is quite strong.‎ ‎②even if =even though “即使”也不能与but连用。‎ Even if you say so , I do not believe it.即使你那么说了，但我还是不相信它。‎ ‎☆whatever= no matter what 无论什么（理解疑问代词/副词）‎ ‎ whoever=no matter who 无论谁 however=no matter how无论如何 wherever=no matter where无论哪里 ‎ whenever=no matter when无论何时 Wherever you go , I will go with you.无论你去哪里，我都会跟着你。= No matter you go,…‎ Whatever he said, I couldn’t believe in him. 无论他说什么，我都不信任他。= No matter what,…‎ ‎☆if或unless引导的条件状语从句 ‎①Even if you learn something well, you will forget it unless you use it.即使是你学得好的东西，如果你不使用，就会忘记。‎ ‎②If they need to learn English and they like music or sports, they can listen to English songs or watch sports programs in English . 如果他们需要学习英语，而且他们喜欢音乐或者运动，他们就可以听英语歌曲，或者看英语的体育节目 考点5 动词不定式符号to与介词to的区别 ① be afraid to do sth 害怕干某事 ② help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人干某事 ③ find it +形容词+to do sth 发现干什么是怎么样的（真正宾语）‎ ④ It is +形容词+to do sth .干什么是怎么样的。 （真正主语）‎ ⑤ 特殊疑问词+to do .---how to increase my reading speed.‎ ⑥ get sb to do sth 让某人做某事 ‎ ⑦ be born with the ability to learn 天生具有的学习能力 ⑧ the best way to do sth= the best way of doing sth 做某事最好的方法 ⑨ the secret to +名词 …的秘诀 ⑩ pay attention to +名词/ doing 注意什么/干什么 ‎ make a difference to …对……有影响 ‎ be/get used to doing 习惯于干什么 ‎ make a contribution to 对……有贡献 ‎ look forward to doing 期望干什么 考点6.动名词考查：‎ ① practice doing sth 练习干某事 ② keep doing sth 一直干某事 ③ miss doing sth 思念干某事 ④ mind doing sth 介意干某事 ⑤ enjoy doing sth 喜欢干某事 ⑥ finish doing sth 完成某事 ⑦ feel like doing sth 想要干某事 ⑧ be busy doing sth 忙于干某事 ⑨ can’t help doing sth 情不自禁地干某事 ⑩ have fun doing sth 在干某事方面玩的愉快 ⑪ have trouble (in) doing sth 在干某事方面有困难 ⑫ give up doing sth 放弃干某事 ⑬ put off doing sth 推迟，延期干某事 ⑭ by doing sth ; be afraid of doing ; make a mistake in doing ; ‎ 动名词中考中主要考查：及物动词后；介词后；和固定短语搭配的动名词；作主语的动名词，其作主语谓语要用单数形式。‎ 考点7本单元易混淆的词和短语总结：‎ ‎⑵look常搭配短语区分：‎ ‎①look up 查找(跟代词作宾语，代词放中间)‎ ‎②look after 照顾 =take care of ‎ ‎3.look out 当心，小心=be careful ‎⑤look through 浏览 ‎ ‎⑥look for 寻找 ‎ ‎⑦look forward to doing 期待 ‎ tell sb. to do sth 告诉某人做某事 what…think of =how …like /feel about ‎⑸try短语区分：‎ ① try on 试穿 ② try to do sth 努力做某事 【侧重尽力做】 ‎ ③ try doing sth 试图做某事 【侧重尝试做】‎ ④ try one’s best to do sth= do one’s best to do sth 尽某人最大努力做某事 ⑤ have a try 试一试 ‎⑺need用法总结：‎ ① 人做主语，sb. need to do sth 某人需要做某事 ② 物做主语，sth need doing sth= sth need to be done ‎◆Students need __________(have) a good rest in studying.‎ ‎◆The watch needs___________(mend).‎ ‎③用于否定句或疑问句，是情态动词 ‎◆needn’t = don’t have to 没有必要 ‎◆need ,must 引导的一般疑问句，肯定会的用must,否定回答用need 用 may not; must用needn’t.‎ ‎ — MustI go there now?‎ — Yes，you must / No, you needn’t — Need I go home now?‎ — Yes, you must. / No, you may not.‎ You ____ to the meeting this afternoon if you have something important to do.‎ A. needn’t to come B. don’t need come C. don’t need coming D. needn’t come ‎④作名词，意为需要。‎ ‎◆A friend in need is a friend in deed.患难朋友才是真朋友 ‎【患难见真情】‎ ‎◆There is no need to do sth. =It is unnecessary to do sth.没有必要做某事 ‎◆There is no need doing sth .干什么没必要。‎ ‎⑻join / join in / take part in区分：‎ ‎① join=be a member of 参加 ,指加入某种组织，并成为其中的一员。‎ join the army / party 入伍/ 党 join the club 加入俱乐部 ‎②join in 后接活动名称 ‎ ‎③join sb. 加入到某个人群之中 ‎④take part in 参加 ，指加入群体活动中并在活动中发挥重要作用。‎ ‎⑼mistake用法总结：分名词和动词 ① mistake →mistook → mistaken v 错误 ② make mistakes 出错 ‎ ③ make mistakes in 在某方面放错 ④ mistake …for… 把…误认为… ‎ ⑤ by mistake 错误地 ‎【记】 Yesterday I ____________（出错误）， I_________ Mr. Wang ___ Mr. Zhang（把……误认为）， and said hello to Mr. Wang ___________(错误地).‎ ‎( ) My brother often makes mistakes _____ grammar.‎ ‎ A. of B. by C. at D. in ‎ ‎( ) He often ____ mistakes in spelling.‎ A. takes B. makes C. has ‎ ‎⑽learn用法总结：‎ learn→learned/learnt→learned/learnt v 学习---learner初学者 ‎◆We should _________ ________ the hard- working students.(向……学习)‎ ‎◆We should learn____ each other.‎ A. about B. from C. to D. for ‎⑾call用法总结：‎ ‎①call sb.‎ ‎②call on sb. 拜访某人 ‎③called=named 叫做（作后置定语） a boy called Tom ‎ with the name of= called = named 名叫……‎ ‎◆That’s the girl named/called Lily.‎ ‎= That’s the girl ___ ____ ____ Lily.‎ ‎◆A girl called / named Lily called me last night.‎ ‎ 后置定语 谓语动词 ‎ 昨晚一个名叫莉莉的女孩给我打电话了。‎ ‎⑿speak用法总结：‎ ① speak→ spoke → spoken v 说 ② spoken English 英语口语 ‎ ③ written English 书面英语 ④ speaking skills /practice口语技巧/口语练习 ⑤ an English-speaking country 一个说英语的国家 ‎【注】部分动词的过去分词也可做该词的形容词：‎ spoken 口语的 broken 坏掉的 written 写作的 Reading aloud is good for your _____________(speak) English. ‎ ‎⒀不定式作后置定语时，是否带介词：‎ ① I don’t have a partner to practice English with.‎ ① I need a pen to write with.‎ ② I need some paper to write on.‎ ③ There is no room for us to live（in）.‎ ‎⒁aloud / loud/ loudly区分：‎ ‎①aloud adv，“大声地；出声地”，多指使别人听到的意味，常与read连用 ‎②loud adj、adv。作adv时，“高声地；响亮地；大声地”，常放于speak、talk、laugh、sing之后，多用比较级 loudly“高声地”，有时与loud通用。但含有“喧闹”的 ① 意味。在用与比较级或最高级时，通常用loud而不用loudly ‎◆Reading aloud is different from reading loudly.朗读课文与大声地读课文是有区别的。‎ ‎◆Don’t talk so loud.不要那么高声的谈话。‎ ‎◆in a loud voice 高声地 ‎◆Speak louder, please. I can’t hear you clearly.‎ ‎◆He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public.‎ ‎① What about ____________(大声读) to practice your spoken English?‎ ‎② The boys are talking____ in the class and it makes the teacher unhappy.‎ ‎ A. aloud B. loudly C. louder D. loud ‎③ Don’t speak so ___, my boys, I’ll read ___ a story to you.‎ ‎ A. loudly; aloud B. loudly; loudly ‎ C. aloud; loudly D. loud; loudly 考点8 it的形式主语和形式宾语 ① It is + difficult/ hard / easy / important / necessary + for sb to do sth. 干某事对某人来说是怎么样的。‎ ② It is + kind / good / nice / clever of sb to do sth.‎ ③ find / feel / think+ it + 形容词+ to do sth.发现、感到、认为干……是怎么样的 ◆ It is useful for you to learn English well.‎ ◆ It’s too hard to understand spoken English. 听懂英语口语太难了。‎ ◆ It is important for us to protect the environment .‎ ◆ It’s very kind of you to help me.你帮助我真是太好了。‎ ◆ Why did Wei Fen find it difficult to learn English?为什么魏芬发现英语难学。‎ 考点9 –ed 与-ing式形容词区分 ‎ ‎①excited / exciting –be excited about 对……感到兴奋 ‎②interested/interesting—be interested in 对……感兴趣 ‎③surprised/surprising—be surprised at 对……感到惊讶 ‎④relaxed/relaxing—be relaxed about 对……感到轻松 以—ing结尾的adj. 常用来作表语，修饰物。‎ 以—ed结尾的adj.用来表示情绪，常做表语，修饰人 作定语，除surprise外，一律用-ing形式。‎ ‎◆We are about the ________news .(excite)‎ ‎◆—What _____ news! --Yes. We are all _____ about it. ‎ A. exciting; exciting B. excited; excited C. exciting; excited ‎◆This TV show is too ____. I’d rather listen to music.‎ ‎ A. fantastic B. exciting C. boring D. interesting.‎ ‎ ◆We had a surprise party for Bob’s birthday last night.‎ 四、目标检测：‎ 一． 根据句意和所给单词或字母完成句子(10分)‎ ‎1．This term I began to enjoy ________ English movies. （watch）‎ ‎2．A car runs ________ than a bus. （fast）‎ ‎3．I don’t do well in English reading. I read very ________. （slow）‎ ‎4．I didn’t understand Vera because she didn’t ________ some words clearly. （pronunciation）‎ ‎5.I won’t tell you,it’s a s .‎ ‎6．It’s really difficult for me to m ________ all these new words.‎ ‎7.If we do more speaking practice, we’ll improve our s ________ English.‎ ‎8.They are different. They do things d_____.‎ ‎9.The teacher says I have to learn grammar again because I always make m ________ in grammar.‎ ‎10．.Please read the text a_____, so all of us can hear you.‎ 二.单项选择(共20分) ‎ ‎1.--How do you study for an English test?‎ ‎--___________‎ A.By work with friends. 　　　　　　　　B.By listen to tapes.‎ C.By asking the teacher with help. 　　 D.By making vocabulary lists.‎ ‎2. Playing with fire _____ dangerous.‎ A. is B. was C. be D. will be ‎3.—What about ______ grammer?‎ ‎--It'too boring.‎ A.finding 　　　　　B.studying 　　　　 C.writing 　　　　　D.playing ‎4.—We are going hiking tomorrow. What will the weather be like, Benson?‎ ‎--Why not ____ the radio and listen to the report?‎ A.turn on 　　　　　B.turn off 　　　　 C.take away 　　　　D.find out ‎5. I found ______very easy to learn English well if you put your heart into it.‎ A. that B.it’s C. it D. this ‎6.—My dad bought me a new MP4, but I don't know ____.‎ ‎--Let's read the instructions.‎ A.what to use 　　　　　　　　　　　　　B.which one to use C.how to use it 　　　　　　　　　　　　D.when to use it ‎7. The rain will ______ our plan for a picnic.‎ A. face B. influence C. solve D. lose ‎8.He speaks too quickly __________.‎ A.understand 　　　B.write them down　　C.to understand 　　 D.and write ‎9.Lillian said memorizing the words of pop songs helped _________.‎ A.a lot of 　　　　B.lot of 　　　　　　C.a little 　　　　　D.a little of ‎10.--　I heard they lost the game.‎ ‎—Yeah. We were all _______ when we saw the ________ result.‎ A. frustrated; frustrated B. frustrating; frustrating C. frustrated; frustrating D. frustrating; frustrated ‎11.--Have you read these books?‎ ‎--Yes, I ____ it three years ago.‎ A.have done 　　　 B.have read 　　　　 C.readed 　　　　　　D.did ‎12.My sister has a lot of trouble ________ math.‎ A．to learn B．learning C．learned D．learns ‎13.If you ________ him tomorrow, ask him if he ________ to our party next week.‎ A．see, comes B．will see, comes C．will see, will come D．see, will come ‎14.Don't ____ the people in trouble, Try to help them.‎ A.hear from 　　　 B.go over 　　　　　 C.laugh at 　　　　　D.look like ‎15．________ of her parents is going to the meeting in the school.‎ A．Both B．Either C．All D．Any ‎16.—I have no idea _______ with the problem.‎ ‎—I don’t know either. You’d better ask our teacher for help.‎ A. how doing B. how to deal C. what doing D. what to deal ‎17.When we meet some new words, we'd better ____ in a dictionary A.look out them 　 B.look them at 　　　C.look them up 　　　D.look up them ‎18.　My mum likes to watch me ________ the piano.‎ A．played B．to play C．playing D．play ‎19.Sam got ____ about the words and ended ____ in a low voice.‎ A.frustrating; speaking 　　　　　　　　B.frustrated; up speaking C.frustrate; to speak 　　　　　　　　　D.frustrating; up speaking ‎20.We should try our best ____ that work.‎ A.to finish 　　　B.finishing 　　　　　C.finish 　　　　　　D.doing ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎