初一英语一般现在时态讲解

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初一英语一般现在时态讲解

初一英语一般现在时态讲解 一、 定义与讲解 一般现在时表示经常或习惯性的动作或一般性事实。也可表示现在的状态或主语具备的性格和能力。‎ 通常与副词every day(每天),always(总是),usually(通常),often(经常)sometimes(有时),等时间状语连用。‎ 例:(1)表示事物或人物的特征、状态。‎ The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。‎ Mary’s father is an English teacher. 玛丽的爸爸是一名英语老师。 (2)表示经常性或习惯性的动作。‎ I go to school at seven every day.我每天六点去上学。‎ She plays sports every day. 她每天都做运动。 (3)表示客观现实。‎ The table has four legs.桌子有四条腿。‎ There are 63 students in my class. 我们班有63个学生。‎ ‎(4)表示客观真理,科学原理,自然现象,等客观事实或格言谚语等。‎ ‎   The sun rises in the east every day.太阳每天从东方升起。‎ The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。‎ ‎(5)表示平日的喜好。‎ I like bananas. We don’t like vegetables.‎ He likes blue. She doesn’t like strawberries.‎ 二、只有主语在第三人称单数时在陈述句里面实义动词用“三单形式”,‎ 其他人称(一,二,三复)用动词原形。‎ e.g. I/ We like English very much. 我/我们非常喜欢英语。‎ ‎ She/ He/His sister likes English very much. 她/他/她的妹妹非常喜欢英语 ‎★ 动词三单形式的变化规则:‎ ‎1.(1)多数直接在动词词尾加-s. ‎ play — plays like — likes ask---asks ‎ work---works get---gets call---calls ‎(2)以字母s, x, ch, sh或o结尾的动词,在词尾直接加-es.‎ ‎  watch---watches wash---washes do---does go---goes ‎ ‎(3)以“辅音字母加 - y”结尾的动词,要先变y为i再加-es.‎ ‎  try---tries study---studies cry---cries fly---flies ‎2.不规则变化:be---- is have----has ‎ ‎ 一般现在时态肯定句式: 分为含有be动词和实义动词的两种情况:‎ 一.含有be 动词的一般现在时的句式:‎ 肯定句式:主语+be+表语( n./adj.等)‎ ‎ e.g. ①He is a worker. 他是个老师 ‎ ②You are nine. 你9岁。‎ ‎ ③They are in the classroom. 他们在教室里面 含有be动词一般现在时态的句子转换:‎ ‎(1)变一般疑问句:当句子中有be动词或情态动词时,则把be动词或情态动词(can,must等)提到句子的最前面,句末改问号。‎ ‎(口诀:变疑问并不难,be/情态动词提最前); ‎ 一般疑问句句式:Be+主语+表语?‎ ‎ e.g. ①He is a teacher. 他是个老师。‎ 一般疑问句→ Is he a teacher? 他是个老师吗?‎ Yes, he is./No, he isn’t. 是的,他是。/不,他不是。‎ ‎ ②I am eight . 我8岁。‎ 一般疑问句→ Are you eight? 你8岁了吗?‎ Yes,I am./No, I’m not. 是的,我是/ 不,不是。‎ ‎ ③They are in the classroom. 他们在教师里面。‎ 一般疑问句→Are they in the classroom? 他们在教室里面吗?‎ Yes, they are./ No, they aren’t. 是的,他们在/ 不,他们不在。‎ ‎4)I can play soccer. 我会踢足球。‎ 一般疑问句→ Can you play soccer? 你会踢足球吗?‎ Yes,I can./ No, I can’t. 是的,我会/ 不,我不会。‎ ‎(2)变否定句:在be动词或情态动词后面直接加not变成否定句. ‎ ‎(口诀:变否定最容易,not紧紧跟着be/情态动词) ‎ 否定句句式:主语+be+ not+表语:‎ ‎  例:① She is my sister.. 她是我的妹妹。‎ ‎  否定句→ She is not my sister. 她不是我的妹妹。‎ ‎②I can play soccer. 我会踢足球。‎ 否定句→ I can not /can’t play soccer. 我不会踢足球。‎ ‎ ③The students and their teacher are here. 学生和他们的老师都在这儿。‎ 否定句→The students and their teacher aren’t here.学生和他们的老师都不在这儿。‎ ★ 注意:对一般疑问句的回答:‎ 一般用什么问就用什么来回答。‎ 例: Is she your friend? 她是你的朋友吗?‎ ‎ Yes, she is./ No, she isn’t. 是的,她是/ 不, 她不是。‎ 但以下例外:Is this a pencil? Yes , it is./ No, it isn’t. ‎ Is that your backpack? Yes , it is./ No, it isn’t.‎ Are these your parents? Yes, they are./ No, they aren’t.‎ Are those Jim’s brothers? Yes, they are./ No, they aren’t.‎ 二.当句子中没有be动词和情态动词,只含有实义动词时,句式如下:‎ ‎(1)肯定句: ‎ 主语(I/We/You/They/…)+实义动词+其他 ‎ e.g. I know the girl. 我认识那个女孩。‎ ‎ They always ask the teacher questions. 他们总是问老师问题。‎ ‎ 主语(He/She/It/…)+实义动词三单形式+其他 ‎ e.g. Lucy plays sports every day. 露西每天都要运动。‎ He watches TV every evening. 他每天晚上都看电视。‎ ‎(2)一般疑问句:‎ 变一般疑问句时,在主语前加助动词do或者does来变成一般疑问句;‎ ‎ ¤ 当句子主语是I, we, you,以及复数…时,句首加 do 。‎ ‎ ¤当句子主语是第三人称单数she,he,it..等时,句首加 does 。‎ 注意:加了助动词does, 这时谓语动词要还原(用动词原形);另外,句子末尾用问号。‎ A. 主语是I/we/you/they/…等时:‎ 疑问句式: Do+主语+动词原形+其他?‎ e.g. ① I have two sisters and a brother.‎ 一般疑问句→ Do you have two sisters and a brother.?‎ ‎ Yes, I do./ No, I don’t.‎ e.g. ②The boys play soccer every day.‎ 一般疑问句→Do the boys play soccer every day?‎ ‎ Yes, they do./ No, they don’t.‎ B. 主语是he/she/it/…等三单时:‎ 疑问句式: Does+主语+动词原形+其他?‎ e.g. ① He/Mike/ My brother likes black schoolbags. 他/迈克/我的哥哥喜欢黑色的书包。‎ ‎→Does he/Mike/ your brother like black schoolbags? 他/迈克/我的哥哥喜欢黑色的书包吗?‎ ‎ Yes, he does./ No, he doesn’t. 是的,他喜欢 / 不,他不喜欢。‎ ‎ ②She/ Gina / Our English teacher goes to school by bus. 她/吉娜/我们的英语老师坐公共汽车去学校。‎ ‎→Does she/ Gina/ your English teacher go to school by bus? 她/吉娜/我们的英语老师坐公共汽车去学校吗?‎ ‎ Yes, she does./ No, she doesn’t. 是的,她是/ 不,她不是。‎ ‎(3)否定句:‎ 变否定句时,在主语后谓语动词前加助动词don’t或者doesn’t变成否定句,切记:助动词后的动词还原成动词原形。‎ ‎¤ 当句子主语是I, we, you,以及复数时,加don’t构成否定句。‎ ‎¤当句子主语是第三人称单数she,he,it等时,加doesn’t构成否定句。‎ e.g ①陈述句:We go to school at 7:00 every morning. 我每天早上7点去上学 ‎  否定句→We don’t go to school at 7:00 every morning. 我每天不是7点去上学 ‎②陈述句:She has a brother. 她有个哥哥。‎ 否定句→ She doesn’t have a brother. 她没有哥哥。‎ ‎※ 在一般现在时中,当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式,即常在动词原形后加-s/-es/变y为i+es.(注意:只在肯定句/陈述句里面动词用三单形式,在其它所有句型里动词都用原形)。‎ 但有些同学们对于哪些主语是第三人称单数还不十分清楚,‎ 现归纳总结如下: 一、人称代词he, she, it是第三人称单数。如: He likes watching TV. 他喜欢看电视。 ‎ She has lunch at twelve. 她十二点吃午餐。 二、单个人名、地名或称呼作主语;是第三人称单数。如: ①Han Mei likes salsd . 韩梅喜欢萨拉。 ②Beijing is in China. 北京在中国。 ③Uncle Wang often plays volleyball.. 王叔叔经常打排球。 三、单数可数名词或"this / that / the+单数可数名词"作主语时,是第三人称单数。如: ②This book is yours. 这本书是你的。 ③That car is red. ‎ ‎④The cat is Lucy's. 这只猫是露茜的。 四、不定代词someone, somebody, nobody, everything, something等及指示代词this, that作主语时,是第三人称单数。①Everyone is here. 大家到齐了。 ②There is a watch on the table. 桌上有块手表。 ③This is a pen. 这是一支钢笔。④That is an eraser.‎ 五、不可数名词作主语时为第三人称单数。如: ①The milk(牛奶) is in the glass. 牛奶在玻璃杯里。 ②The bread is very small. 那面包很小。 六、当数字或字母作主语时,看作第三人称单数。如: ①"6" is a lucky number. "6"是个吉利数字。‎ ‎②"I" is a letter. "I"是个字母。 ‎ 一般现在时用法专练:‎ 巩固练习题:‎ 一.用Be动词填空。‎ ‎ be动词口诀:I 用am, you 用 are, is连着 he /she /it,‎ 单数名词用is,复数名词都用are 1. Are you __ Li Fen ? No, I __ not . 2. ________ Mr. Green very good ? Yes , he __ . 3..These books __ very interesting . ‎ ‎4. What class ____ you in ? 5. You and I __ good friends . ‎ ‎6. The basketball club ___ fun .‎ 二. 写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式。 ‎ have like drink _____ go _____ stay ______ ‎ make______ look______ have_____ come______ watch______ ‎ ask _____ fly _______ do______ study_____ teach_______‎ sound______ let _______ wash _______ carry ______ play_______‎ 三.用所给动词的适当形式填空。‎ 1. I _________(have) two sisters and my mother _________(have) only one brother.‎ 2. Miss Xie ________(have ) a brown bag and two red jackets.‎ 3. We _________ (like) our English teacher.‎ 4. Tom ___________ ( go) to school at 7’o clock.‎ 5. Li Song _________(watch) TV at home.‎ 6. You and I__________ (play ) volleyball every day.‎ 7. That __________( sound) interesting.‎ 8. My father __________ (let) me get the baseball bats.‎ 9. Those girls __________(ask) the teacher for it.‎ 10. Aunt Jenny _________(do) housework(家务) every day.‎ 三. 按照要求改写句子 1.This is my pencil ? (变一般疑问句) your pencil ? Yes, ____‎ ‎ _____. 2. These red hats are Kate’s . (一般疑问句) hats Kate’s ? No, ____ _____. 3. Mary hasbooks . (变一般疑问句) Mary ________ books ? 4. She likes the black bag very much . (变一般疑问句)‎ ‎ she the black bag very much? No, she ________. 5. I like apples. (变一般疑问句) you apples ? 6. It’s an English dictionary . (变一般疑问句)‎ ‎ English dictionary?‎ ‎7. He has a computer and a modile plane . (变一般疑问句)‎ ‎ he a computer and a modile plane? Yes, he ________‎ 四、按照要求改写句子 ‎1. She is a good student. ( 改为否定句)‎ She _________ a ___________student. ‎ ‎2. We play tennis every day. ( 改为否定句)‎ We_________ __________ ________ every day.‎ ‎3. The students like the teacher . (改为否定句) ‎ The students _________ _______ the teacher.‎ ‎4. Simon and Daniel have a ping-pong bat .(改为否定句)‎ Simon and Daniel __________ __________ a ping-pong bat ‎5. She has some white baseballs . ( 改为否定句)‎ She ________ _______ any white baseballs ‎ ‎6. Miss Xie teaches us Chinese. ( 改为否定句) ‎ Miss Xie _________ _________ ________ us Chinese ‎ ‎7. Her sister watches TV every evening. (改为否定句)‎ Her sister __________ __________ TV every evening.‎ ‎8. John plays basketball after school every afternoon .(改为否定句)‎ John __________ ________ basketball after school every afternoon 一般现在时态句型转换(七年级上册unit1-5)‎ 1. This is a white key. (对画线部分进行提问)‎ ‎ ‎ 2. Ben’s bag is yellow and red . (对画线部分进行提问)‎ ‎ ‎ 3. Her name is Gina. (对画线部分进行提问)‎ ‎ ‎ 4. My phone number is 673-8220. (对画线部分进行提问)‎ ‎ ‎ 5. The boy is Jack. (对画线部分进行提问)‎ ‎ ‎ 6. The picture is on the wall. (对画线部分进行提问)‎ ‎ ‎ 7. The balls are in the bookcase. (对画线部分进行提问)‎ ‎ ‎ 8. He is Johnny. (改为一般疑问句)‎ ‎ ‎ 9. The baseballs are under the bed. (改为一般疑问句)‎ ‎ ‎ 10. He has a tennis racket. (改为一般疑问句)‎ ‎ ‎ 11. I have some baseball bats. (改为一般疑问句)‎ ‎ ‎ 12. I like oranges. (改为一般疑问句)‎ ‎ ‎ 13. My English teacher is fine. (改为同义句)‎ ‎ ‎ 14. She is Tina. (改为否定句)‎ ‎ ‎ 1. Tom and Mike are my good friends. (改为否定句)‎ ‎ ‎ 2. She has a computer game. (改为否定句)‎ ‎ ‎ 3. We have a big TV in our room. (改为否定句)‎ ‎ ‎ 4. I’m fine. (写出问句)‎ ‎ ‎ 5. Nice to meet you! (写出答语)‎ ‎ ‎ 6. Is that a dictionary ?(改为复数句)‎ ‎ ‎ 7. These are oranges. (改为单数句)‎ ‎ ‎ 8. Is he your cousin? (作肯定回答)‎ ‎ ‎ 9. Is Linda his sister? (作否定回答)‎ ‎ ‎ 10. Is this a Chinese book? (作否定回答)‎ ‎ ‎ 11. Those are English dictionaries. (改为单数句)‎ ‎ ‎ 12. Are the chairs under the table ?(作否定回答)‎ ‎ ‎ 13. They are on the sofa .( 改为单数句子)‎ ‎ ‎ 14. Are your pens in the pencil case ? (作否定回答)‎ ‎ ‎ 15. These are books .(改为单数句子)‎ ‎ ‎ 16. Do you have a baseball? (作否定回答)‎ ‎ ‎ 17. Does he play sports every day ?(作肯定回答)‎ ‎ ‎ 1. You have a computer game. (用第三人称he作主语)‎ ‎ ‎
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