成人高考英语复习考点

成人高考英语复习考点

‎07级成人高考复习考点 复习计划（共10讲）‎ 第一讲：冠词、名词、代词 第二讲：形容词、副词、介词、数词 第三讲：时态、语态、定语从句 第四讲：非谓语动词、名词性从句 第五讲：虚拟语气、强调句型 第六讲：主谓一致、倒装、反意文句、感叹句 第七讲：语音、高频词及短语 第八讲：专项练习 第九讲：写作技巧及范文、模拟练习 第十讲：历年成考题及做题技巧 第一讲：冠词、名词、代词 I.冠词 ‎1.概念 ‎ 冠词是置于n.前、说明n.所指的人或事物的一种虚词。冠词也可以说是名词的一种标志， 它不能离开名词而单独存在。‎ ‎2. 种类：a/an, the ‎3. 定冠词the 的用法：‎ ‎ 特指双熟悉，上文已提及 ‎ 世上独无二，序数最高级 ‎ 某些专有名，习语及乐器 ‎ 1）When we saw his face, we knew was bad.‎ ‎ A. the news B. some news C. a news D. news ‎ 2) Do you know the girl who is standing there?‎ ‎ 3) the sun, the moon , the earth, the world ‎ ‎4) Shanghai is second largest city in China.‎ ‎ A. a B. / C. the D. one ‎ 5) the Pacific Ocean , the Yellow River, the United States ‎ 6) play the piano ‎ 7) ---Do you know who invented telephone?‎ ‎ ---No , but it is really most useful invention.‎ A. the, the B. a , a C. a , the D. the, a ‎ 8) the +adj./done/doing 表示一类人或物或某种抽象的概念 the rich, the wounded, the living ‎ 9) the Smiths ‎ 10) The policeman was wounded in knee, but he caught the thief by arm.‎ ‎ A. the, his B. his, the C. the, the D. his , his ‎11) by the hour/day/meter/ton , 但是，by length/height/width ‎12) to the left, in the north 但是，turn left ‎13) 由普通名词构成的专有名词，表建筑、报纸、杂志、三军、船只、朝代等 ‎ the Great Wall, the New York Times, the Navy, the Ming Dynasty ‎ 14) Which is , Canada and America?‎ ‎ A. large B. larger C. a larger D. the larger ‎ 15) by the way, ‎ ‎4. a/an 的用法：‎ ‎ 1）What honest boy your son is and what fun he is. ‎ A. a, a B. an, / C. an, a D. a, /‎ ‎ 2) I have been waiting for hour and . ‎ ‎ A. /, / B. the, a C. a, the D. an, a ‎ 3) cow is useful animal.‎ ‎ A. An , a B. The, the C. A, the D. The, a ‎ 4) As a doctor, he is great success.‎ ‎ A. / B. a C. the D. an ‎ 5) a Mr. Wang, a certain Mr. Wang , some Mr. Wang ‎ 6) Next term, we’ll learn second foreign language.‎ ‎ A. the B. / C. a D. an ‎ 7) ---How did you find her song?‎ ‎ ---Wonderful, I have never heard better voice.‎ ‎ A. a B. the C. / D. any ‎ 8) There is no such thing as that between ourselves.‎ ‎ A. a B. the C. / D. an ‎ 9) such+a/an+adj.+n.‎ ‎ so/too/as/how/however+adj.+a/an+n.‎ ‎ many/what/half/such/rather/quite+a+n.‎ ‎ 10) singer and dancer has accepted the invitation.‎ ‎ A. A, a B. The, the C. The, a D. The, /‎ ‎ 11) He was a medical student before he turned engineer.‎ ‎ A. a B. an C. the D. /‎ ‎ 12) in a way , make a fuss , at a time ‎5. 不用冠词的情况：‎ ‎ 下列情况应免冠，代词限定名词前 ‎ 专有名词不可数，学科球类三餐饭 ‎ ‎ 复数名词表泛指，两节星期月份前 ‎ 颜色语种和国名，称呼习语及头衔 ‎ 1）One of his friends studies at Beijing University.‎ ‎ A. the B. a C. / D. an ‎ 2) This morning, we had big breakfast.‎ ‎ A. the B. a C. an D. /‎ ‎ 3) September 10th is Teacher’s Day.‎ ‎ A. the B. a C. an D. /‎ ‎ 4) He was elected chairman of the sports meet.‎ ‎ A. the B. a C. of D. as ‎ 5) The two were like teacher and student though they were the same age.‎ ‎ A. /, the B. /, / C. the, the D. a, a ‎ ‎ 6) by bike/air/ship , on my bike, take a taxi , in ink, in English ‎ II. 名词 ‎ 1. n.分类: 1)专有n.‎ ‎ 2)普通n.：个体n.‎ ‎ 集体n.(family, team, group; people, police, cattle)‎ ‎ 可数n.‎ ‎ 不可数n.: 物质n. a piece of cake, two pieces of news ‎ 抽象n.(knowledge, friendship, success, danger)‎ ‎ have a knowledge of, a great success ‎ 2. n. 单复数：‎ ‎ 1）-o 结尾: negro/hero/potato/tomato+es ‎ radio/photo/piano/bamboo+s ‎ zero/volcano+s/es ‎ -oo结尾:foot, tooth, goose ‎ 2) –f/fe结尾:thief/wife/shelf/knife/leaf/wolf/half ‎ chief/safe/gulf/cliff/roof+s ‎ 3) –x/sh/ch/s结尾: box+es, 但是，stomach +s ‎ 4) 辅音字母+y结尾:family---families ‎ 4) 单复数同形：sheep, deer, Chinese, Japanese, Swiss , people, cattle, police ‎ 5) Frenchmen, Germans, Russians, Americans, Canadians ‎ 6) passers-by, lookers-on, editors-in-chief, sisters- in-law ‎ go-betweens, grown-ups, good-for-nothings ‎ women doctors, girl friends ‎ 7) 不规则：child, ox, mouse ‎ 8）下列短语中n.只能用复数：‎ ‎ take turns, makes friends, make repairs, shake hands, in dozens, as follows ‎ 下列短语中n.单复数均可：‎ ‎ make faces/make a face, play jokes/play a joke on sb.‎ ‎ 9) 单复数含义不同：‎ ‎ arm/arms, good/goods, custom/customs, green/greens, damage/damages ‎ have a word with sb./have words with sb.‎ ‎ 3. n.所有格：‎ ‎ 1) Mary’s room, Women’s Day, Tom and Mary’s father ‎ 2) a friend of her father’s ‎ the barber’s ‎ an hour’s walk ‎ today’s newspaper ‎ 3) anybody else’s ‎ boys’, children’s ‎ 4. 名词作定语：a shoe factory , room number , goods train ‎ 5. –ess: waitress , actress , empress ‎-ee: employee , interviewee ‎ 6. 名词与介词的搭配：‎ ‎ difference between ; plan for , reason for , wish for, charge for ; success in , belief in ; ‎ ‎ dependence on , influence on; advantage over ; access to ; answer to ;contact with ;‎ ‎ chance to do ,attempt to do ‎ III.代词 ‎ 1. 种类 ‎ 2. 用法: 1）主语、表语、宾语、同位语 ‎ 2）you: 泛指一切人 ‎ he: 多用于指动物 ‎ she: 代月亮、船、汽车、飞机等 ‎ 3. 位置：1) you and I, you and me ‎ 2)my friend/Tom and I/me ‎ 3)you and they/them ‎ 4)you, he and I ‎ 5)I and the old man living 第二讲：形容词、副词、介词、数词 I.形容词：‎ ‎1. adj. 的位置：“县官行令杀国才”‎ ‎ 限：冠、指示代词、不定代词、物主代词、名词所有格+序数词+基数词 ‎ 观：表特性、性质 ‎ 形：形状、长短、大小、高低（little/big/long+red/white）‎ ‎ 令：年龄、新旧、温度 ‎ 色：颜色 ‎ 国：国籍、地区、出处 ‎ 材：物质、材料+用途、类别、目的 ‎ e.g. a beautiful large green Chinese carpet ‎ 2. 形容词的用法：‎ ‎ 1）只能作前置定语的adj.：elder, other, latter, former, daily, wooden, golden, late, etc.‎ ‎ e.g. her late husband ‎ 2）只能作后置定语的adj.: ‎ good enough, people present, something important, sb. else, etc.‎ the weather tomorrow, the way out, the sentence below, the trip abroad, etc.‎ the man alive/awake/asleep, etc ‎ two meters high ‎ 3）表语adj.:‎ ‎ alike, afraid, alive, asleep, alone, ashamed 等一般只作表语、补足语；‎ ‎ ill, well, worth, bound, sure, drunk, unable等.‎ ‎ 3. 根据惯用法，有些adj.有特定的adv.修饰：‎ ‎ 1) fast/sound asleep, fall asleep, very well, fully/quite aware, fully awake, quite impossible, ‎ ‎ well prepared/received/informed, badly wounded, deeply moved, much afraid ‎ 2) a heavy rain/snow, a strong wind, a thick fog, a heavy/light traffic/sleeper ‎ 3) quite understand/see/know ‎ 4. 复合adj.：‎ ‎ 1) n.+adj.: sea-sick, ice-cold, world-wide ‎ 2) n.+n.+ed: iron-willed, honey-mouthed, ox-eyed ‎ 3) n.+p.p: machine-made, weather-beated, ice-covered ‎ 4) adj.+n.: long-distance, second-hand ‎ 5) adj./数词+n.+ed: clean-minded, double-faced, three-legged ‎ 6) adj.+doing/p.p: good-looking, new-laid II. 比较级、最高级：‎ ‎ 1. 不规则：‎ ‎ 1) good/well, many/much, bad/badly/ill ‎ 2) older: later farther ‎ elder: latter further ‎ 2. 无比较级、最高级：‎ ‎ 1) prefer, favorite, superior, perfect ‎ 2) true, right, wrong, absolute, original, only ‎ 3)woolen, wooden, monthly, square, round,‎ ‎ 4) dead, alive, living, asleep ‎ 3. 表比较的结构：‎ ‎1) A is three times as big as B.‎ ‎ A is three times bigger than B.‎ ‎ A is three times the size of B.‎ ‎2) as ---as ‎ not as/so---as ‎3) more than ‎ more---than ‎4) no more than ‎ not more than ‎5) more and more ‎ the more---, the more---‎ ‎ 4. 特殊用法：‎ ‎1) the + 比较级： ---A or B ‎ ---of the two,‎ ‎2）比较级用于否定句，表达最高级含义：‎ ‎ I haven’t heard a better voice.‎ ‎ You can’t give me any better gift.‎ ‎3) much/even/still/ a bit/ a little/ a lot/ rather/ no/ far/ by far/ not any/ slightly +比较级 ‎ The price of this computer is than that one.‎ ‎ A. cheap B. much cheap C. much more cheaper D. much cheaper ‎4) by far/ not quite/ the very/ nearly/ almost +最高级 ‎5）straightly / alikely / fastly ‎ III. 特殊句型:‎ ‎ 1) so many / much / little / few +n. ---that ‎2) such +a /an + adj. + n.‎ ‎ so / too / as/ how / however + adj. + a/an +n.‎ ‎3) so + adj. / such 置句首， 倒装 ‎ So shallow was the river that everyone could swim across it.‎ ‎ Such is our home in the future.‎ ‎4) too---to--- :表否定、肯定 ‎ IV. 同义词比较：‎ ‎1) exciting / excited, interesting / interested, moving / moved, surprising / surprised ‎2) high / highly, deep / deeply, close / closely ‎3) common / ordinary / usual / general ‎ rather / fairly / quite / pretty ‎ worth / worthy / worthwhile 第五讲：虚拟语气、强调句型 I. 虚拟语气的类型：‎ ‎1. if条件句: ‎ if从句谓语 主句谓语 将来 did / were to / should + do would / could / might +do 现在 did / were would / could / might +do 过去 had done would have done ‎ ‎ ‎1) If I the job, I would do it in a different way.‎ A. would do B. do C. shall do D. were to do ‎ 2) the truth, he wouldn’t have lent her any money.‎ A. Jack has known B. If Jack known C. Should Jack know D. Had Jack known ‎ 3) If I had followed your advice, I in such trouble now.‎ ‎ A. wouldn’t have been B. would be C. were D. wouldn’t be ‎ 2. suggest / insist / order / demand / command / urge / recommend ‎ 1) The city council ordered spitting on the street.‎ ‎ A. was prohibited B. is prohibited C. be prohibited D. be prohibited ‎ 2) All the doctors insisted that he badly wounded and that he at once.‎ ‎ A. should be, be operated on B. were, must be operated on ‎ C. was, should be operated D. was, be operated on ‎ 3. wish ‎ Jane wishes that she foreign trade instead of literature when she was in college.‎ ‎ A. did B. had done C. had studied D. could study ‎ 4. as if ‎ 1) He talked as if he to Japan.‎ ‎ A. has gone to B. went C. had gone D. had been ‎ ‎2) This time in came a fat man. He rubbed his hands all the time as if he them.‎ ‎ A. was washing B. has washed C. would have washed D. washed ‎ 5. given / provided / without / but for ‎ 1) Given more time and money, he better than what it is.‎ ‎ A. did B. had done C. could have done D. would do ‎ 2) Without your encouragement and support, we .‎ ‎ A. should not succeeded B. would not succeed ‎ C. would have succeeded D. would not have succeeded ‎6. It is + necessary / important / essential / strange / advisable --- that sb. (should) do---‎ ‎ It is necessary that a university student at least one foreign language.‎ ‎ A. learns B. learn C. must learn D. learned ‎7. It is (high / about ) sb. did ---‎ ‎ I think it’s high time the children to school.‎ ‎ A. go B. are going C. will go D. went ‎8. would rather sb. did ---‎ ‎ I’d rather you just in bed and anything for at least two weeks.‎ ‎ A. stayed, did B. stay, don’t C. stayed, don’t do D. stayed, didn’t do 第三讲：时态、语态、定语从句 I. 时态:‎ ‎1. 一般现在时的用法：‎ ‎ 1）表习惯性、经常性的动作，常与usually, often, sometimes, everyday等时间状语连用。‎ ‎ 2）表示主语具备的性格、特征、能力等。‎ ‎ He is good at computer.‎ ‎ 3）表示客观事实、真理。‎ ‎ The teacher told us the earth moves around the Sun.‎ ‎ 4）表示按照时刻表将要发生的事情。(go, come, leave, stay, start, begin, arrive, return, etc. )‎ ‎ My flight leaves at 7:00.‎ ‎ 5）表短暂的动作。‎ ‎ There goes the bell.‎ ‎ 6）在when, before, after, if , unless, until等所引导的时间、条件状语从句中，表将来。‎ ‎ If the horse wins tomorrow, he thirty races in the past five years.‎ ‎ A. will win B. would win c. will have won D. has won ‎2。一般将来时的表示法：‎ ‎ 1）will, shall ‎ 2）be going to ‎ 3）be to do ‎ 4）be about to---- when--- ‎ ‎ was /were doing--- when---‎ ‎ had just done --- when ---‎ ‎ hardly --- when ---‎ ‎ 5）一般现在时表将来(go, come, leave, start, begin, etc.)‎ ‎ 6）进行时表将来 ‎ My brother is coming to see me.‎ ‎3 现在进行时： ‎ ‎ 1）表正在进行：‎ ‎ 2）表将来 ‎ 3）与always, all the time, forever, constantly连用，表感情色彩：‎ ‎ Nobody likes him because he to curry favor with the boss.‎ ‎ A. is always trying B. always tries C. does always try D. has always tried ‎ 4）表短暂的状态 ‎ --- Is this raincoat yours ?‎ ‎ ---No, mine there behind the door.‎ ‎ A. is hanging B. has hung C. hangs D. hanged ‎ 5）表述一种尚未完结的渐进过程 ‎ It is getting warmer and warmer.‎ ‎ 6）表喜好、从属、心理活动的动词(like, love, hate, have, belong, understand, know, realize, wish, want, feel, believe, etc.)一般不用与进行态 ‎ A mother who her son will do everything for his happiness.‎ ‎ A. is living B. loves C. loved D. has loved ‎4 一般过去时：‎ ‎ ‎