英语计划总结之动词have在中学英语中的用法

英语计划总结之动词have在中学英语中的用法

英语计划总结之动词have在中学英语中的用法 ‎ ‎　　一、have作实意动词。‎ ‎　　1.表示“有”的意思。‎ ‎　　Look, I have wings, just like you. （JBⅤL1）‎ ‎　　He had fair hair and blue eyes. （JBⅥL2）‎ ‎　　〔注1〕：其否定和疑问形式变化，在美国通常用助动词do。‎ ‎　　〔注2〕：在英国口语中常用have got代替have.‎ ‎　　Look, can''t you see I''ve got teeth, too,（JBⅤL1）‎ ‎　　I haven''t got any jewelry. （SBⅠL5）‎ ‎　　2.have和一些其他名词连用，表示：‎ ‎　　（1）一种活动。‎ ‎　　We have no classes on Sunday.（上课） （JBⅡL11）‎ ‎　　They''re going to have a volleyball match.（举行比赛） （JBⅢL11）‎ ‎　　Are we going to have a meeting this week? （开会）（JBⅢL11）‎ ‎　　We are going to have a talk this afternoon.（听报告） （JBⅢL11）‎ ‎　　（2） 患病。‎ ‎　　I have got a headache. （JBⅣL8）‎ ‎　　I have a bad cold. （JBⅤL3）‎ ‎　　（3）发生的情况。‎ ‎　　I''ve had so many falls that I''m black and blue all over.（跌跤） （JBⅣL10）‎ ‎　　（4）生育。‎ ‎　　The queen ant may have tens of thousands of babies in one summer. （SBⅠL14）‎ ‎　　3.和一与动词同形的名词连用，表示一个动作（have＋a＋由动词转化和名词）。‎ ‎　　Are you going to have a swim.（JBⅢL1）‎ ‎　　I have a long talk with the teacher.（JBⅣL10）‎ ‎　　4.have on sth或have sth on，表示“穿着”、“戴着”（=to bewearing）。‎ ‎　　I noticed he had on bedroom slippers.（SBⅡL6）‎ ‎　　At the ball Mathilde had a diamond necklace on.‎ ‎　　5.表示“吃”、“喝”。‎ ‎　　I wanted to have a cup of tea and some eggs.（JBⅢL10）‎ ‎　　Does she have lunch at home?（JBⅡL11）‎ ‎　　6.组成复合结构即“have＋宾语＋宾语补足语”。‎ ‎　　（1）不加to的动词不定式作宾语补足语（have sb do sth），表示让、叫某人做某事。‎ ‎　　The soldier had him stand with his back to his father.（SBⅠL17）‎ ‎　　〔注〕：否定结构表示“不能让…”或“从未有人…”。‎ ‎　　We won''t have you blame it on others.‎ ‎　　She had never had anybody speak to her that way before.‎ ‎　　（2）现在分词作宾语补足语（have sb（sth）doing），表示让（使）某人做某事。‎ ‎　　…the two men had their lights burning all night long…‎ ‎　　（3）过去分词作宾语补足语（have sb （sth）done），表示：‎ ‎　　①使（让，请）别人作某事，表示的动作是别人做的。‎ ‎　　Emperor Qin Shi Huang had all the walls joined up.（SBⅠL10）‎ ‎　　…he should have new clothes made of this splendid clothfor the coming great procession.（SBⅠ L8）‎ ‎　　②遭遇到某事。‎ ‎　　Houses near airports sometimes have their windows broken.（SBⅠL12）‎ ‎　　Workers in some industries have their hearing harmed by the noise of the machine.（SBⅠL12）‎ ‎　　二、have与to一起构成情态动词，表示“不得不”、“必须”，可用于各种时态。‎ ‎　　I have to look after her at home.（JBⅢL4）‎ ‎　　三、have做助动词与动词的过去分词一起构成现在完成时和过去完成时。‎ ‎　　Great changes have taken place the last two years.（JBⅥL3）‎ ‎　　They said that the Arab had stolen their camel.（JBⅤL4）‎ ‎　　四、have用于“情态动词＋have＋过去分词”的结构，有推测、假设之意。‎ ‎　　1.must＋have＋过去分词，表示对过去时间发生的动作或存在的情况的推测，一般用于肯定句。‎ ‎　　Her father thought that she must have met a fairy.（SBⅠL10）‎ ‎　　You must have left your bag in the theatre.‎ ‎　　2.can（could）＋have＋过去分词，表示对过去发生事情的“不肯定”，常用于否定句和疑问句。‎ ‎　　He can''t have been to your home,he doesn''t know youraddress.‎ ‎　　3.should＋have＋过去分词，表示“某事本该早做而实际未做”，用于肯定句。‎ ‎　　You should have been here five minutes ago.（SBⅡL10）‎ ‎　　五、have用于某些成语，表示固定的意思。‎ ‎　　1.have a word（a few words）with sb，表示和某人说一（几）句话。‎ ‎　　Where''s Peter?I want to have a word with him.（SBⅢL13）‎ ‎　　2.had better＋不带to的动词不定式，表示“…最好…”。‎ ‎　　I''d better go and look for him now.（JBⅢL2）‎ ‎　　3.have nothing（something）to do with，表示“和…无（有）”关系。‎ ‎　　Most of questions had nothing to do with Edison''s lessons.（JBⅤL9‎